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- Bäckström, Erik, 1983-
(author)
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Time-Resolved Spectroscopy and Intensity Measurements of Singly Charged Ions
- 2015
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis is mainly concerned with investigations of spontaneous radiatively decaying states in both negative and positive singly charged ions. When possible, the measured lifetime of the state has been combined with branching fractions in order to derive the absolute transition probability (A-value) between different quantum states. The radiative transition probability between two quantum states is a fundamental atomic property. Knowledge of this property can be used as a diagnostic tool in, for example, abundance and temperature determinations with applications in many fields, e.g. astronomy, plasma physics, atomic physics etc.The focus of the experiments has been on lifetime measurements of long-lived metastable states. Lifetimes of long-lived metastable states are interesting in both theoretical aspects as well as the challenge it poses to the experimentalist. To perform such experiments, impact from the surrounding environment on the stored ions has to be kept to a minimum for extended periods of time. The metastable lifetimes presented here have been measured with time-resolved laser spectroscopic techniques in two different types of ion storage rings. One of them is a new type of unique cryogenically cooled storage ring made of purely electrostatic ion optical elements. As is demonstrated in this thesis, this device opens up a completely new time domain where lifetime measurements now can be performed. In addition, this thesis includes a discussion and preliminary studies of weak interactions otherwise limited by magnetic fields and/or thermal radiation from the environment. When available, the results have been compared to previous measurements and theoretical calculations which enables an evaluation of different methods and theoretical models.
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| 2. |
- Gurell, Jonas, 1981-
(author)
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High Resolution Spectroscopy of Singly Charged Ions : Applications of Laser and Fourier Transform Techniques
- 2010
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis presents measurements of fundamental properties of singly charged ionic systems including spectral wavelengths, lifetimes of excited states and branching fractions with the main focus on time resolved laser spectroscopy of stored ions providing lifetime measurements of metastable states. The results of these measurements have been used to determine energy levels and transition probabilities of the studied systems. The included experimental data are compared with results from calculations which provides evaluations of different theoretical models. The presented results have been applied by others to the field of atomic astrophysics in order to deduce electron densities and elemental abundances in ejecta of the supermassive star eta Carinae and have also been followed by additional work of theoreticians interested in comparisons with laboratory data. The thesis is a result of several collaborations in which Stockholm University has been providing lifetime measurements of metastable states, Lund Observatory and the National Institute of Standards and Technology have been providing wavelength and branching fraction measurements, Lund Laser Centre has been providing lifetime measurements of short-lived states and calculations have been performed by theoretical physicists from Université de Mons-Hainaut, Université de Liège, Queen's University of Belfast and Laboratoire Aimé Cotton.
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| 3. |
- Gurell, Jonas, 1981-
(author)
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Laboratory studies of forbidden decay processes in stored ions
- 2008
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Measurements of atomic and ionic data has been an active research area since the beginning of spectroscopic studies. The experimental data deduced from thesestudies are of great interest for our understanding of fundamental as well as applied physics. The metastability of certain energy levels has been used toexplain phenomena in widely different fields ranging from the principles of the laser to observations of forbidden spectral lines originating fromastrophysical objects. Eventhough measurements of radiative lifetimes have been carried out for many decades new interesting results are still found in theexplanation of phenomena observed in these studies. The technological development in the field of atomic physics has provided researchers with several toolswhich have opened up completely new possibilities in recent years. Atoms and ions can now be stored for long times which allows studies of extremely weakprocesses. In this thesis results from studies of weak radiative decays of metastable levels are presented. The measurements were carried out utilizing a laserprobing technique together with ions stored in the ion storage ring CRYRING at the Manne Siegbahn laboratory in Stockholm, Sweden. The longest radiativelifetime measured so far in a storage ring, 89 s in singly ionized barium, is presented along with a completely new method for determining extremelylong radiative lifetimes. The thesis also includes new interesting results from lifetime measurements in argon which revealed the unexpected importance of an E3 decay channel. This is to the best of our knowledge the first ever observation of an E3 transition rate of this magnitude in a singlycharged ion. All lifetime measurements are presented with complementary calculations by our collaborators at Université de Mons-Hainaut and Université de Liège, Belgium. The studies of BaII are also part of a collaboration with the Institute of solid state physics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
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