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- Katsiotis, Christos S., et al.
(author)
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Processability of mesoporous materials in fused deposition modeling for drug delivery of a model thermolabile drug
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Pharmaceutics. - : Elsevier. - 2590-1567. ; 5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The incorporation of drug-loaded mesoporous materials in dosage forms prepared with fused deposition modeling (FDM) has shown the potential to solve challenges relating to additive manufacturing techniques, such as the stability of poorly-soluble drugs in the amorphous state. However, the addition of these non-melting mesoporous materials significantly affects the mechanical properties of the filament used in FDM, which in turn affects the printability of the feedstock material. Therefore, in this study a full-factorial experimental design was utilized to investigate different processing parameters of the hot melt extrusion process, their effect on various mechanical properties and the potential correlation with the filaments' printability. The thermolabile, poorly-soluble drug ibuprofen was utilized as a model drug to assess the potential of two mesoporous materials, Mesoporous Magnesium Carbonate (MMC) and a silica-based material (MCM-41), to thermally protect the loaded drug. Factorial and principal components analysis displayed a correlation between non-printable MCM-41 filaments and their mechanical properties where printable filaments had a maximum stress >7.5 MPa and a Young's modulus >83 MPa. For MMC samples there was no clear correlation, which was in large part attributed to the filaments' inconsistencies and imperfections. Finally, both mesoporous materials displayed a thermal protective feature, as the decomposition due to the thermal degradation of a significant portion of the thermolabile drug was shifted to higher temperatures post-loading. This highlights the potential capability of such a system to be implemented for thermosensitive drugs in FDM applications.
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- Clark, Kristen, Postdoctoral Fellow, et al.
(author)
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Societal stigma and mistreatment in healthcare among gender minority people : a cross-sectional study
- 2023
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In: International Journal for Equity in Health. - : BMC. - 1475-9276. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Gender minority (GM; individuals whose gender is not aligned with that traditionally associated with the sex that was assigned to them at birth) people have widely reported mistreatment in healthcare settings. Mistreatment is enacted by individuals within society who hold stigmatizing beliefs. However, the relationship between healthcare mistreatment and societal stigma (i.e., the degree to which society disapproves of GM people) is unclear and not measured consistently.Methods We analyzed data from 2,031 GM participants in The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality (PRIDE) Study's 2019 Annual Questionnaire to determine whether societal stigma was associated with participants' past-year reports of mistreatment (defined as denial of healthcare services and/or lower quality care) in medical or mental healthcare settings. We created a proxy measure of societal stigma by incorporating variables validated in existing literature. Participants reported whether they had experienced mistreatment in medical and mental health settings independently.Results Healthcare denial and/or lower quality care during the past year was reported by 18.8% of our sample for medical settings and 12.5% for mental health settings. We found no associations between the societal stigma variables and past-year reports of healthcare denial and/or lower quality care in medical or mental healthcare settings.Conclusions Although a high proportion of GM people reported past-year healthcare mistreatment in both medical and mental health settings, mistreatment had no relationship with societal stigma. Factors other than societal stigma may be more important predictors of healthcare mistreatment, such as healthcare workers' knowledge of and attitudes toward GM people. However, other measures of societal stigma, or different types of mistreatment, may show stronger associations. Identifying key factors that contribute to mistreatment can serve as targets for intervention in communities and healthcare settings.
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- Angeler, David
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Viewing biodiversity through the lens of science ... and art!
- 2016
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In: SpringerPlus. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2193-1801. ; 5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With global environmental sustainability at the crossroads, approaches are needed to build an ecologically literate culture for collective societal navigation through the intricacies of swift environmental change. This paper demonstrates a transdisciplinary approach, grounded at the intersection between the arts and sciences, to increase awareness and understanding of the current biodiversity crisis. It focuses on one aspect of biodiversity, beta diversity, which examines how sets of animal and plant species differ between habitats. Theory and real examples of beta diversity of aquatic animal and plant species from dried-out ponds in Mediterranean Spain are presented in pixelized visuals. These visuals are artistic expression of and build the prior knowledge about beta diversity, which is scrutinized subsequently with statistical analyses to support the artistic approach with an objectively identified and numerically underpinned presentation of structure in the visuals. The choice to examine beta diversity in theory and reality first through art and then through science is deliberate. Combined, these aspects examine biodiversity through an ecocentric, rather than a species-and habitat centric view, incorporate elements of surprise (how can aquatic species in dry ecosystems survive), and reduce uncertainty (by providing a common numerical yardstick for interpreting the visuals). Together they can optimize a goal-directed learning process in the viewers necessary for making judgments, inducing affective reactions, and facilitating memory and decision making. The approach presented here provides an integral qualitative and quantitative model useful for a broader inductive-deductive education process towards finding sustainable solutions as our planet moves swiftly to a future without historical analogue. Combined art-sciences approaches, as the one presented here, are useful to facilitate citizens' comprehension of the scientific and potential policy dimensions of environmental change, including biodiversity problems, especially because it is the general public that bears the costs of transformation and adaptation measures.
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- Cappellari, Gianluca Gortan, et al.
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Sarcopenic obesity research perspectives outlined by the sarcopenic obesity global leadership initiative (SOGLI) : Proceedings from the SOGLI consortium meeting in rome November 2022
- 2023
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In: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 42:5, s. 687-699
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) launched the Sarcopenic Obesity Global Leadership Initiative (SOGLI) to reach expert consensus on a definition and diagnostic criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity (SO).The present paper describes the proceeding of the Sarcopenic Obesity Global Leadership Initiative (SOGLI) meeting that was held on November 25th and 26th, 2022 in Rome, Italy. This consortium involved the participation of 50 researchers from different geographic regions and countries.The document outlines an agenda advocated by the SOGLI expert panel regarding the pathophysiology, screening, diagnosis, staging and treatment of SO that needs to be prioritized for future research in the field.
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