| 1. |
- Schwalbe, E. C., et al.
(author)
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Minimal methylation classifier (MIMIC): A novel method for derivation and rapid diagnostic detection of disease-associated DNA methylation signatures
- 2017
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rapid and reliable detection of disease-associated DNA methylation patterns has major potential to advance molecular diagnostics and underpin research investigations. We describe the development and validation of minimal methylation classifier (MIMIC), combining CpG signature design from genome-wide datasets, multiplex-PCR and detection by single-base extension and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, in a novel method to assess multi-locus DNA methylation profiles within routine clinically-applicable assays. We illustrate the application of MIMIC to successfully identify the methylation-dependent diagnostic molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma (the most common malignant childhood brain tumour), using scant/low-quality samples remaining from the most recently completed pan-European medulloblastoma clinical trial, refractory to analysis by conventional genome-wide DNA methylation analysis. Using this approach, we identify critical DNA methylation patterns from previously inaccessible cohorts, and reveal novel survival differences between the medulloblastoma disease subgroups with significant potential for clinical exploitation.
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| 2. |
- Bystrova, K., et al.
(author)
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The effect of Russian Maternity Home routines on breastfeeding and neonatal weight loss with special reference to swaddling
- 2007
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In: Early Human Development. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-3782 .- 1872-6232. ; 83:1, s. 29-39
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Few investigations have considered evaluating the effects of certain combinations of ward routines like swaddling of the baby and separation of mother and baby on infant variables such as neonatal weight toss. Aims: To study the effect of different ward routines in respect to proximity to mother and type of infant apparel, on breastfeeding parameters (amount of ingested milk, volume of supplements, number of breastfeeds, total duration of breastfeeding time) day 4 after birth as well as recovery from neonatal weight loss and infant's weight on day 5. Study design and subjects: In a randomized trial with factorial design four treatment groups including 176 mother-infant dyads were studied 25-120 min after birth. Randomized treatments focused on care routines administered to the infants after delivery and later in the maternity ward as well as to the type of clothing the infants received. Group 1 infants were placed skin-to-skin with their mothers after delivery, and had rooming-in while in the maternity ward. Group 2 infants were dressed and placed in their mothers' arms after delivery, and roomed-in with mothers in the maternity ward. Group 3 infants were kept in the nursery both after birth and while their mothers were in the maternity ward. Group 4 infants were kept in the nursery after birth, but roomed-in with their mothers in the maternity ward. Equal numbers of infants were either swaddled or clothed in baby attire. Breastfeeding parameters were documented during day 4 after birth. Infant's weight was measured daily. Results: Babies who were kept in the nursery received significantly more formula and significantly less breast-milk, than did babies who roomed-in with their mothers. Swaddling did not influence the breastfeeding parameters measured. However, swaddled babies who had experienced a 2-h separation period after birth and then were reunited with their mothers tended to have a delayed recovery of weight loss compared to those infants who were exposed to the same treatment but dressed in clothes. Furthermore, swaddled babies who were kept in the nursery and received breast-milk supplements had a significantly delayed recovery of weight loss after birth when compared to those infants ingesting only breast-milk. On day 5, regression analyses of predicted weight gain in the exclusively breastfed infants indicated a significant increase per 100 ml breast-milk (59 g), compared to the predicted weight gain on day 5 per 100 ml supplements in the swaddled babies (14 g) (P=0.001). Conclusion: Supplements given to the infants in the nursery had a negative influence on the amount of milk ingested. In addition, supplement feeding or a short separation after birth when combined with swaddling was shown to have a negative consequence to infant weight gain.
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| 3. |
- Hohenschurz-Schmidt, David, et al.
(author)
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Recommendations for the development, implementation, and reporting of control interventions in efficacy and mechanistic trials of physical, psychological, and self-management therapies : the CoPPS Statement
- 2023
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In: BMJ. British Medical Journal. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0959-8146 .- 0959-535X. ; 381, s. e072108-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Control interventions (often called "sham," "placebo," or "attention controls") are essential for studying the efficacy or mechanism of physical, psychological, and self-management interventions in clinical trials. This article presents core recommendations for designing, conducting, and reporting control interventions to establish a quality standard in non-pharmacological intervention research. A framework of additional considerations supports researchers' decision making in this context. We also provide a reporting checklist for control interventions to enhance research transparency, usefulness, and rigour.
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| 4. |
- Jonas, Wibke, et al.
(author)
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Influence of oxytocin or epidural analgesia on personality profile in breastfeeding women : a comparative study
- 2008
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In: Archives of Women's Mental Health. - : Springer. - 1434-1816 .- 1435-1102. ; 11:5-6, s. 335-345
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Women undergo physiological and psychological changes during pregnancy, labor and lactation. The psychological adaptations can be affective, cognitive and behavioral and can be measured by dimensional personality instruments. This study aims to compare (1) the personality profile in mothers after birth with a normative group of non-lactating women and to examine (2) whether the personality profile differs 2 days, 2 months and 6 months after birth between mothers who have been exposed to epidural anesthesia, oxytocin administration or neither. Sixty-nine primiparae were assigned to four groups: mothers having received oxytocin infusion during labor (OT iv group, n=9), mothers having received epidural analgesia with/without oxytocin infusion (EDA group, n=23), mothers having received 10 iU oxytocin intramuscularly after birth (OT im group, n=15) and mothers having received none of these treatments (unmedicated group, n=22). At 2 days and 2 and 6 months postpartum mothers completed the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP). The unmedicated, the OT iv- and OT im groups scored significantly lower on anxiety and aggression related scales and higher on the socialization subscale during the entire observation period when compared with a normative group. These differences were not observed in the EDA group 2 days postpartum. At´2 and 6 months postpartum, the scores of the EDA group had changed significantly and were almost similar to the KSP scores of the other groups. ANCOVA analysis revealed that OT infusion, over and above the effects of EDA, was associated with decreased levels of several anxiety and aggression subscales. We conclude that women who received exogenous oxytocin during labor show similar positive personality traits during breastfeeding such as reduction in anxiety and aggression and increasing socialization, including maternal behavior, that have previously been ascribed to endogenous oxytocin. More importantly, these effects were not seen at 2 days postpartum in women who received epidural anesthesia during labor.
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| 5. |
- Wiklund, Ingela, et al.
(author)
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A comparative study in Stockholm, Sweden of labour outcome and women's perceptions of being referred in labour
- 2002
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In: Midwifery. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 18:3, s. 193-199
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: to study the outcome of labour and women's perceptions of being referred after onset of labour. Design: a comparative study carried out between October 1998 and April 1999. Setting: prospective parents in Stockholm, Sweden are offered a choice of which of the five hospitals in which they want to give birth. In reality, there is a lack of maternity beds in Stockholm to implement this policy and therefore nearly 10% of labouring women are being referred during labour. Participants: the study population was selected from one of the five hospitals. Included in the study were 266 labouring women, with a 37-42 weeks uncomplicated pregnancy, fetus presenting by the vertex and spontaneous onset of labour. During pregnancy, all the women had chosen the same labour ward where they planned to deliver. However, at the onset of labour half of the women, case group I (n = 133) were referred to another maternity unit due to lack of space in the labour ward. For every referred woman a control woman matched for age, parity and date of delivery was selected, with the same inclusion criteria, except being referred, control group II (n = 133). Methods: a questionnaire with closed and open questions was posted to the women after birth and used to collect quantitative and qualitative data on the outcome of labour and the women's perceptions of referral during labour. Findings: routines such as epidural analgesia (EDA) (p < 0.002), episiotomies (p < 0.015) and morphine/pethidine during labour (p < 0.023) were more common in the referred group. The women in the referred group considered to a higher extent that referral during labour had affected their emotional state (p < 0.001). Women in both groups had been worried during pregnancy by the thought of having to be referred when labour had started and the referral had caused practical problems, stress and a feeling of not being welcome in the referral labour ward. Key conclusion and implications for practice: referral during established normal labour may affect labour outcome, and the possibility that they may be referred worries women during pregnancy. Maternity policies and practices should be organised so that caring goals, such as continuity of care and women's' participation in birth planning, can be met. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Dobrydnjov, Igor, et al.
(author)
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Clonidine combined with small-dose bupivacaine during spinal anesthesia for inguinal herniorrhaphy : a randomized double-blinded study
- 2003
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In: Anesthesia and Analgesia. - 0003-2999 .- 1526-7598. ; 96:5, s. 1496-1503
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this randomized double-blinded study was to see whether the addition of small-dose clonidine to small-dose bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia prolonged the duration of postoperative analgesia and also provided a sufficient block duration that would be adequate for inguinal herniorrhaphy. We randomized 45 patients to 3 groups receiving intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 6 mg combined with saline (Group B), clonidine 15 μg (Group BC15), or clonidine 30 μg (Group BC30); all solutions were diluted with saline to 3 mL. The sensory block level was insufficient for surgery in five patients in Group B, and these patients were given general anesthesia. Patients in Groups BC15 and BC30 had a significantly higher spread of analgesia (two to four dermatomes) than those in Group B. Two-segment regression, return of S1 sensation, and regression of motor block were significantly longer in Group BC30 than in Group B. The addition of clonidine 15 and 30 μg to bupivacaine prolonged time to first analgesic request and decreased postoperative pain with minimal risk of hypotension. We conclude that clonidine 15 μg with bupivacaine 6 mg produced an effective spinal anesthesia and recommend this dose for inguinal herniorrhaphy, because it did not prolong the motor block.
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