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- McCamish-Svensson, C, et al.
(författare)
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Informal and formal support from a multi-disciplinary perspective: a Swedish follow-up between 80 and 82 years of age
- 1999
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Ingår i: Health & Social Care in the Community. - 0966-0410. ; 7:3, s. 163-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This longitudinal study used a multi-disciplinary approach and examined the relationship between psychosocial and health characteristics and the pattern of informal and formal support for non-institutionalized very old people. The data were derived from a single cohort of 80-year-old people living in Lund, Sweden who were followed over a 3-year period. In order to account for potential sample bias, an analysis at 80 years measured the differences between the participants who were measured at both test periods, the drop-outs who discontinued from the study prior to 82 years, and the deceased who died prior to 82 years (n = 212). Results revealed that the groups differed significantly according to reported number of children and health measures: the participants were most likely to have children and exhibited the best health. Bivariate analyses examined social, psychological and health variables for survivors (n = 93) at both 80 and 82 years in relationship to independent, informal, and formal support type. Loneliness was significantly and consistently associated with support type at both 80 and 82 years: both frequency and strength of loneliness were most often reported in the formal support group. Depression was significantly related to support type at age 80 only. Looking at change in the psychosocial and health measures and change in support over the 3-year period, no significant relationships were found. Our study concludes that for the very old, in addition to requiring increased support over a 3-year period, loneliness is a significant characteristic that may accompany the receipt of support. Professionals who plan and implement social support programmes for elderly persons should also consider emotional and psychological needs.
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2. |
- McCamish-Svensson, C, et al.
(författare)
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Social relationships and health as predictors of life satisfaction in advanced old age: results from a Swedish longitudinal study
- 1999
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Ingår i: International Journal of Aging and Human Development. - 0091-4150. ; 48:4, s. 301-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This longitudinal study examines the relationship between family and friend social support, health, and life satisfaction for a single cohort of eighty-year-old persons living in Lund, Sweden. Results indicate that participants who remained in the study are healthier and score higher on life satisfaction when compared with those who either drop-out or die prior to age eighty-three. Even though well-integrated with family and friends, the number of friends decreases significantly from eighty to eighty-three years; those who reported no close friends nearly doubled from eighty to eighty-three years. However, for those with close friends, contact with friends increases with age. In contrast to previous research, a correlational analysis indicates that neither child nor friend support is related to life satisfaction at either eighty or eighty-three years. However, health measures and satisfaction with sibling contact are related to total life satisfaction at age eighty-three only. These findings indicate the multidimensionality of both social support and life satisfaction for the old-old.
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3. |
- Samuelsson, Gillis, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and risk factors for depression and anxiety disorders: Results from a 34-year longitudinal Swedish cohort study.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1364-6915 .- 1360-7863. ; 9:6, s. 571-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is based on a total cohort (N = 192) of people born in 1902 and 1903 and living in southern Sweden. Subjects were assessed at baseline when 67 years of age and on eight further occasions over 34 years or until death. The participation rate in the nine examinations ranged from 78-100%. Interviews, psychological tests, and medical examinations were used as well as information on medical diagnoses from primary health care records and hospital records. The cumulative probability for the development of clinical depression during the follow-up was 8% and for anxiety 6%. The incidence rate for depression and for anxiety was highest during the period 67-81 years. Persons with poor financial status were more likely to be diagnosed with depression but no significant risk factor for anxiety was found. Only 14% developed depression and anxiety during the follow-up period, females more often than men. The strongest risk factors for the development of depression were perceived economic problems.
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