| 1. |
- McRae, Nia, et al.
(author)
-
Blood manganese levels during pregnancy and postpartum depression : A cohort study among women in Mexico
- 2020
-
In: Neurotoxicology. - : Elsevier. - 0161-813X .- 1872-9711. ; 76, s. 183-190
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Occupational studies have shown an association between elevated Mn exposure and depressive symptoms. Blood Mn (BMn) naturally rises during pregnancy due to mobilization from tissues, suggesting it could contribute to pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms. Objectives: To assess the association between BMn levels during pregnancy and postpartum depression (PPD), creating opportunities for possible future interventions. Methods: We studied 561 women from the reproductive longitudinal Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment, and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort in Mexico City. BMn was measured at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, as well as delivery. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess PPD symptoms at 12-months postpartum. We used a generalized linear model assuming a Poisson distribution to assess the association between BMn levels and PPD, with adjustments for age, stress and depressive symptoms during pregnancy, education, socioeconomic status, and contemporaneous blood lead levels. Results: The mean +/- standard deviation (SD) EPDS score at 12-months postpartum was 6.51 +/- 5.65, and 17.11% of women met the criteria for possible PPD (score >= 13). In adjusted models, BMn during the 3rd trimester (beta: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.21) and BMn levels averaged at the 2nd and 3rd trimester (beta: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.02-0.26) had a positive association with EPDS scores at 12 months postpartum. BMn at the 2nd trimester (beta: 0.07, 95% CI: -0.09-0.22) and delivery (beta: 0.03, 95% CI: -0.04-0.10) had a non-significant positive association with EPDS scores at 12-months postpartum. Stress and depressive symptoms during pregnancy was associated with higher EPDS scores at 12-months postpartum in all of the adjusted models but were only significant when either BMn during 3rd trimester or BMn averaged across 2nd and 3rd trimester was assessed as the exposure. Discussion: Our results demonstrate that elevated BMn levels during pregnancy predict PPD symptoms and could be a potential pathway for intervention and prevention of PPD.
|
|
| 2. |
- Wong, Sandy, et al.
(author)
-
Associations between daily ambient temperature and sedentary time among children 4-6 years old in Mexico City
- 2020
-
In: PLOS ONE. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1932-6203. ; 15:10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Sedentary behavior is a worldwide public health concern. There is consistent and growing evidence linking sedentary behavior to mortality and morbidity. Early monitoring and assessment of environmental factors associated with sedentary behaviors at a young age are important initial steps for understanding children's sedentary time and identifying pertinent interventions. Objective This study examines the association between daily temperature (maximum, mean, minimum, and diurnal variation) and all-day sedentary time among 4-6 year old children in Mexico City (n = 559) from the year 2013 to 2015. Methods We developed a spatiotemporally resolved hybrid satellite-based land use regression temperature model and calculated percent daily sedentary time from aggregating 10-second epoch vertical counts captured by accelerometers that participants wore for one week. We modeled generalized additive models (GAMs), one for each temperature type as a covariate (maximum, mean, minimum, and diurnal variation). All GAMs included percent all-day sedentary time as the outcome and participant-level random intercepts to account for repeated measures of sedentary time. Our models were adjusted for demographic factors and environmental exposures. Results Daily maximum temperature, mean temperature, and diurnal variation have significant negative linear relationships with all-day sedentary time (p<0.01). There is no significant association between daily minimum temperature and all-day sedentary time. Children have on average 0.26% less daily sedentary time (approximately 2.2 minutes) for each 1 degrees C increase in ambient maximum temperature (range 7.1-30.2 degrees C), 0.27% less daily sedentary time (approximately 2.3 minutes) for each 1 degrees C increase in ambient mean temperature (range 4.3-22.2 degrees C), and 0.23% less daily sedentary time (approximately 2.0 minutes) for each 1 degrees C increase in diurnal variation (range 3.0-21.6 degrees C). Conclusions These results are contrary to our hypothesis in which we expected a curvilinear relationship between temperature (maximum, mean, minimum, and diurnal variation) and sedentary time. Our findings suggest that temperature is an important environmental factor that influences children's sedentary behavior.
|
|
| 3. |
- Wu, Haotian, et al.
(author)
-
Association of ambient PM2.5 exposure with maternal bone strength in pregnant women from Mexico City : a longitudinal cohort study
- 2020
-
In: The Lancet Planetary Health. - 2542-5196. ; 4:11, s. E530-E537
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Pregnancy is associated with deteriorations in maternal bone strength and heightened susceptibility to bone fractures. We aimed to investigate whether ambient particulate matter (PM)(2.5) concentrations were associated with bone strength during pregnancy. Methods In this longitudinal cohort study, we analysed longitudinal data from women participating in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort in Mexico City, Mexico. Eligible women were aged 18 years or older, at less than 20 weeks' gestation at the time of recruitment, planning to stay in Mexico City for the next 3 years, without heart or kidney disease, did not use steroids or anti-epileptic drugs, were not daily consumers of alcohol, and had access to a telephone. Daily ambient PM2.5 concentrations were estimated from a spatio-temporal model that was based on the individual's address. Trabecular bone strength was measured using quantitative ultrasound from the radius of the middle finger and cortical bone strength from the proximal phalanx of the middle finger, during the second trimester, third trimester, and 1 and 6 months post partum. Bone strength T scores were modelled with PM2.5 concentrations using linear mixed models and distributed lag models. Findings Adjusting for multiple exposure windows, each 10 mu g/m(3) increase in PM2.5 exposure concentrations in the first trimester was associated with a 0.18 SD decrease (95% CI -0.35 to -0.01; p=0.033) in ultrasound speed-of-sound (SOS) T score of trabecular bone strength from the second trimester until 6 months post partum. Similarly, each 10 mu g/m(3) increase in third trimester PM2.5 exposure was associated with a 0.18 SD decrease (-0.36 to -0.01; p=0.044) in the SOS T score of trabecular bone strength from the third trimester until 6 months post partum. PM2.5 exposure in the first month post partum was associated with a 0.20 SD decline (-0.39 to -0.01; p=0.043) in cortical bone strength until 6 months post partum. Interpretation Ambient PM2.5 exposure during and after pregnancy was associated with diminished trabecular and cortical bone strength. Early pregnancy PM2.5 exposure was associated with a greater decline in bone strength later during pregnancy. Late pregnancy and early post-partum exposures adversely affected the post-partum bone strength recovery. Technological and policy solutions to reduce PM2.5 pollution could improve public health by reducing bone fracture risk.
|
|
