| 1. |
- Benelmir, Rima, et al.
(författare)
-
A novel MmWave Beam Alignment Approach for Beyond 5G Autonomous Vehicle Networks
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 73:2, s. 1597-1610
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, directional communication represents a high potential solution for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication in Beyond-Fifth-Generation (B5G) vehicular networks, using the millimeter wave (mmWave) technique. Due to the high mobility in the vehicular environment and to ensure a higher data rate to establish a reliable V2X communication link, an efficient beam alignment is needed to point the optimal direction between the moving vehicle and the mmWave base station. To deal with this issue, we propose in this paper a new beam alignment method to select the optimal beam angle of Departure (AoD) from the mmWave base station, used further to transmit data toward the moving vehicle directly. The novelty of our proposal concerns the suggestion of an original hybrid beam alignment approach, combining a 128-filters-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and 4-layers based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM). The selected angle is performed automatically for each vehicle position with the lowest error probability and the highest received signal power. The performance of our proposed CNN-BiLSTM model was evaluated using popular regression metrics such as mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root-mean-square error (RMSE). The results show that our model achieved values of at least 0.0107, 0.0765, and 0.103 for MSE, MAE, and RMSE, respectively, outperforming other machine learning algorithms such as KNN regressor, SVR, BiLSTM, and CNN-LSTM.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bitam, Salim, et al.
(författare)
-
MQBV: multicast quality of service swarm bee routing for vehicular ad hoc networks
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing. - : Wiley: 12 months. - 1530-8669 .- 1530-8677. ; 15:9, s. 1391-1404
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are witnessing in recent years a rapid development for road transmissions and are considered as one of the most important types of next generation networks, in which drivers can have access anywhere and anytime to information. However, vehicles have to deal with many challenges such as the links failures due to their frequent mobility as well as limited degrees of freedom in their mobility patterns. In this paper, we propose a new quality of service multicast and multipath routing protocol for VANETs, based on the paradigm of bees communication, called multicast quality of service swarm bee routing for VANETs (MQBV). The MQBV finds and maintains robust routes between the source node and all multicast group members. Therefore, the average end-to-end delay and the normalized overhead load should be reduced, while at the same time increasing the average bandwidth and the packet delivery ratio. Extensive simulation results were obtained using ns-2 simulator in a realistic VANET settings and demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed protocol. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
|
|
| 3. |
- Cuadra, Antonio, et al.
(författare)
-
Ecosystem for customer experience assurance
- 2013
-
Ingår i: 2013 International Conference on Smart Communications in Network Technologies, SaCoNeT 2013. - 9781479906949
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays service providers focus all their effort on customers' satisfaction although determining the Quality of Experience (QoE) is not a trivial task. In addition, the evolution from traditional networks towards Next Generation Networks (NGN) is enabling service providers to deploy a wide range of multimedia services such as Internet Television (IPTV), Video on Demand (VoD), and multiplayer games services, all on the same underlying IP network. However, managing the satisfaction level of customers to provide a good user experience is not being an easy task due to the complexity of orchestrating network and customer data sources. This document proposes an ecosystem that allows managing customer experience in order to guarantee the quality levels delivered to end users, which is being implemented into the Celtic IPNQSIS project. The QoE ecosystem lies on a customer experience architecture formed by Data acquisition level, Monitoring level and Control Level. The work proposed in this paper will settle the basis of next generation Customer Experience Management systems.
|
|
| 4. |
- Fowler, Scott, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of adjustable and fixed DRX mechanism for power saving in LTE/LTE-Advanced
- 2012
-
Ingår i: 2012 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC). - : IEEE. - 9781457720512 - 9781457720529 - 9781457720536 ; , s. 1964-1969
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 4G standard Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been developed for high-bandwidth mobile access for today's data-heavy applications, consequently, a better experience for the end user. To extend the user equipment battery lifetime, plus further support various services and large amount of data transmissions, the 3GPP standards for LTE/LTE-Advanced has adopted discontinuous reception (DRX). However, there is a need to optimize the DRX parameters, so as to maximize power saving without incurring network re-entry and packet delays. In this paper, we take an overview of the fixed frame DRX cycle and compare it against an adjustable DRX cycle of the LTE/LTE-Advanced power saving mechanism, by modelling the system with bursty packet data traffic using a semi-Markov process. Based on the analytical model, we will show the trade-off relationship between the power saving and wake-up delay performance.
|
|
| 5. |
- Fowler, Scott, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of vehicular wireless channel communication via queueing theory model
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Communications (ICC) 2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications. - : IEEE. ; , s. 1736-1741
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 4G standard Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been developed for high-bandwidth mobile access for today's data-heavy applications, consequently, a better experience for the end user. Since cellular communication is ready available, LTE communication has been designed to work at high speeds for vehicular communication. The challenge is that the protocols in LTE/LTE-Advanced should not only provide good packet delivery but also adapt to changes in the network topology due to vehicle volume and vehicular mobility. It is a critical requirement to ensure a seamless quality of experience ranging from safety to relieving congestion as deployment of LTE/LTE-Advanced become common. This requires learning how to improve the LTE/LTE-Advanced model to better appeal to a wider base and move toward additional solutions. In this paper we present a feasibility analysis for performing vehicular communication via a queueing theory approach based on a multi-server queue using real LTE traffic. A M/M/m model is employed to evaluate the probability that a vehicle finds all channels busy, as well as to derive the expected waiting times and the expected number of channel switches. Also, when a base station (eNB) becomes overloaded with a single-hop, a multi-hop rerouting optimization approach is presented.
|
|
| 6. |
- Mushtaq, M. Sajid, et al.
(författare)
-
Power Saving Model for Mobile Device and Virtual Base Station in the 5G Era
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 2017 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS (ICC). - : IEEE. - 9781467389990
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is a critical requirement of the future 5G communication networks to provide high speed and significantly reduce the network energy consumption. Energy efficient networks along with an energy saving strategy in mobile devices play a vital role in the mobile revolution. The new strategies should not only focus on wireless base stations, which consumes most of the power, but also considers the other power consumption elements for future mobile communication networks, including User Equipment (UE). In this paper, we have proposed a method that calculates the power consumption of a 5G network by considering its main elements based on current vision of 5G network infrastructure. Our proposed model uses the component based methodology that simplifies the process by taking into account the different high power consuming elements. The proposed method is evaluated by considering the three UEs DRX models and Virtual Base Station (VBS) with respect to different DRX timer in terms of Power Saving (PS) and delay as performance parameters.
|
|
| 7. |
- Mushtaq, Muhammad Sajid, et al.
(författare)
-
QoE in 5G Cloud Networks using Multimedia Services
- 2016
-
Ingår i: 2016 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781467398145
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 4G standard Long Term Evolution-Advanced(LTE-A) has been deployed in many countries. Now, technologyis evolving towards the 5G standard since it is expecting tostart its service in 2020. The 5G cellular networks will mainlycontain in cloud computing and primarily Quality of Service(QoS) parameters (e.g. delay, loss rate, etc.) influence thecloud network performance. The impact of user perceivedQuality of Experience (QoE) using multimedia services, andapplication significantly relies on the QoS parameters. The keychallenge of 5G technology is to reduce the delay less thanone millisecond. In this paper, we have described a methodthat minimizes the overall network delay for multimediaservices; which are constant bit rate (VoIP) and variablebit rate (video) traffic model. We also proposed a methodthat measures the user’s QoE for video streaming trafficusing the network QoS parameters, i.e. delay and packet lossrate. The performance of proposed QoE method is comparedwith QoV method, and our proposed QoE method performsbest by carefully handle the impact of QoS parameters. Theresults show that our described method successfully reduces theoverall network delays, which result to maximize the user’s QoE.
|
|
| 8. |
- Mushtaq, M. Sajid, et al.
(författare)
-
QoE in 5G Wireless Cellular Networks based on Mobile Cloud Network
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 4G standard Long Term Evolution-Advanced(LTE-A) has been deployed in many countries. Now, technologyis evolving towards the 5G standard since it is expecting tostart its services in 2020. The 5G cellular networks will mainlycontain in cloud computing and primarily Quality of Service(QoS) parameters (e.g. delay, loss rate, etc.) influence the cloudnetwork performance. The impact of user perceived Quality ofExperience (QoE) significantly relies on the QoS parameters. Thekey challenge of 5G technology is to reduce the delay less thanone millisecond. In this paper, we have described a method thatminimizes the overall network delay for constant bit rate (VoIP)and variable bit rate (video) traffic model. We also proposed amethod that measures the user’s QoE for video streaming trafficusing the network QoS parameters, i.e. delay and packet lossrate. The performance of proposed QoE method is comparedwith QoV method, and our proposed QoE method performsbest by carefully handle the impact of QoS parameters. Theresults show that our described method successfully reduces theoverall network delays, which result to maximize the user’s QoE.
|
|
| 9. |
- Mushtaq, M. Sajid, et al.
(författare)
-
QoE Power-Efficient Multimedia Delivery Method for LTE-A
- 2016
-
Ingår i: IEEE Systems Journal. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 1932-8184 .- 1937-9234. ; 10:2, s. 749-760
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fastest growing of multimedia services overfuture wireless communication system demand more networkresources, efficient delivery of multimedia service with highusers satisfaction, and power optimization of User Equipments(UEs). The resources and power optimization are significant infuture mobile computing systems, because emerging multimediaservices consume more resources and power. The 4G standard ofLTE-A wireless system has adopted the Discontinuous Reception(DRX) method to extend and optimize the UE battery life,while there is no standard scheduling method to distribute theradio resources among the UE. This paper presents a downlinkscheduler, i.e. Quality of Experience (QoE) Power EfficientMethod (QEPEM) for LTE-A, which efficiently allocates theradio resources and optimizes the use of UE power using theDRX mechanism. We investigates how the different durationof DRX Light and Deep Sleep cycle influences the QoS andQoE of end users, using VoIP over the LTE-A. The QEPEMis evaluated with the traditional methods, in terms of SystemThroughput, Fairness Index, Packet Loss Rate, and PacketDelay. The QEPEM measures the user’s QoE, and feedback toeNodeB for scheduling decisions along with other importantparameters. Our proposed method reduces the packet delay,packet loss, and increases the fairness and UE’s power savingwith high users satisfaction.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
