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- Graziani, F., et al.
(author)
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Oral Care and Quality Evaluation: A Multicentric Study on Periodontal Treatment
- 2020
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In: Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. - 1602-1622. ; 18:2, s. 363-371
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: No information is available on the perception of the quality of care in patients treated for periodontitis. The purpose of this article was to assess how periodontitis-affected patients perceive the quality of periodontal treatment (PT) and to measure the factors which may influence it. Materials and Methods: 306 subjects who completed PT were invited to participate. Questionnaires and visual analogic scales (VAS) evaluating perception of quality of care, symptoms, and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) were handed out. Oral and periodontal indicators were collected before and after treatment. The impact of different factors on perception of quality was assessed with a regression model. Results: Quality evaluation was high yet unrelated for both patients and clinicians (p = 0.983). Quality was negatively influenced by the number of residual oral infections (p < 0.001), patient's age (p = 0.07) and presence of residual pain at completion of PT (p = 0.02). Professionalism, kindness of the staff and communication skills were the characteristics mostly appreciated. The OHRQoL was influenced by the number of residual teeth (p < 0.001), increasing age of patients (p = 0.08), number of residual infections (p < 0.01) and pain (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Patients' quality perception appeared to be influenced by clinical and emotional aspects. Oral care providers should be aware of the impact of non-clinical factors in patients' appreciation of quality of treatment.
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| 3. |
- Oliver, D, et al.
(author)
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Prognostic accuracy and clinical utility of psychometric instruments for individuals at clinical high-risk of psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2022
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In: Molecular psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5578 .- 1359-4184. ; 27:9, s. 3670-3678
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Research review (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Accurate prognostication of individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) is an essential initial step for effective primary indicated prevention. We aimed to summarise the prognostic accuracy and clinical utility of CHR-P assessments for primary indicated psychosis prevention. Web of Knowledge databases were searched until 1st January 2022 for longitudinal studies following-up individuals undergoing a psychometric or diagnostic CHR-P assessment, reporting transition to psychotic disorders in both those who meet CHR-P criteria (CHR-P + ) or not (CHR-P−). Prognostic accuracy meta-analysis was conducted following relevant guidelines. Primary outcome was prognostic accuracy, indexed by area-under-the-curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity, estimated by the number of true positives, false positives, false negatives and true negatives at the longest available follow-up time. Clinical utility analyses included: likelihood ratios, Fagan’s nomogram, and population-level preventive capacity (Population Attributable Fraction, PAF). A total of 22 studies (n = 4 966, 47.5% female, age range 12–40) were included. There were not enough meta-analysable studies on CHR-P diagnostic criteria (DSM-5 Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome) or non-clinical samples. Prognostic accuracy of CHR-P psychometric instruments in clinical samples (individuals referred to CHR-P services or diagnosed with 22q.11.2 deletion syndrome) was excellent: AUC = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81–0.88) at a mean follow-up time of 34 months. This result was driven by outstanding sensitivity (0.93, 95% CI: 0.87–0.96) and poor specificity (0.58, 95% CI: 0.50–0.66). Being CHR-P + was associated with a small likelihood ratio LR + (2.17, 95% CI: 1.81–2.60) for developing psychosis. Being CHR-P- was associated with a large LR- (0.11, 95%CI: 0.06−0.21) for developing psychosis. Fagan’s nomogram indicated a low positive (0.0017%) and negative (0.0001%) post-test risk in non-clinical general population samples. The PAF of the CHR-P state is 10.9% (95% CI: 4.1–25.5%). These findings consolidate the use of psychometric instruments for CHR-P in clinical samples for primary indicated prevention of psychosis. Future research should improve the ability to rule in psychosis risk.
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| 6. |
- Alharbi, Essa A., et al.
(author)
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Formation of High-Performance Multi-Cation Halide Perovskites Photovoltaics by delta-CsPbI3/delta-RbPbI3 Seed-Assisted Heterogeneous Nucleation
- 2021
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In: Advanced Energy Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 11:16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The performance of perovskite solar cells is highly dependent on the fabrication method; thus, controlling the growth mechanism of perovskite crystals is a promising way towards increasing their efficiency and stability. Herein, a multi-cation halide composition of perovskite solar cells is engineered via the two-step sequential deposition method. Strikingly, it is found that adding mixtures of 1D polymorphs of orthorhombic delta-RbPbI3 and delta-CsPbI3 to the PbI2 precursor solution induces the formation of porous mesostructured hexagonal films. This porosity greatly facilitates the heterogeneous nucleation and the penetration of FA (formamidinium)/MA (methylammonium) cations within the PbI2 film. Thus, the subsequent conversion of PbI2 into the desired multication cubic alpha-structure by exposing it to a solution of formamidinium methylammonium halides is greatly enhanced. During the conversion step, the delta-CsPbI3 also is fully integrated into the 3D mixed cation perovskite lattice, which exhibits high crystallinity and superior optoelectronic properties. The champion device shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 22%. Furthermore, these devices exhibit enhanced operational stability, with the best device retaining more than 90% of its initial value of PCE under 1 Sun illumination with maximum power point tracking for 400 h.
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| 7. |
- Krishna, Anurag, et al.
(author)
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Nanoscale interfacial engineering enables highly stable and efficient perovskite photovoltaics
- 2021
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In: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 14:10, s. 5552-5562
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a facile molecular-level interface engineering strategy to augment the long-term operational and thermal stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by tailoring the interface between the perovskite and hole transporting layer (HTL) with a multifunctional ligand 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid. The solar cells exhibited high operational stability (maximum powering point tracking at one sun illumination) with a stabilized T-S80 (the time over which the device efficiency reduces to 80% after initial burn-in) of approximate to 5950 h at 40 degrees C and a stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 23%. The origin of high device stability and performance is correlated to the nano/sub-nanoscale molecular level interactions between ligand and perovskite layer, which is further corroborated by comprehensive multiscale characterization. These results provide insights into the modulation of the grain boundaries, local density of states, surface bandgap, and interfacial recombination. Chemical analysis of aged devices showed that molecular passivation suppresses interfacial ion diffusion and inhibits the photoinduced I-2 release that irreversibly degrades the perovskite. The interfacial engineering strategies enabled by multifunctional ligands can expedite the path towards stable PSCs.
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| 8. |
- Liu, Chun Ching, et al.
(author)
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Air powder waterjet technology using erythritol or glycine powders in periodontal or peri-implant prophylaxis and therapy : A consensus report of an expert meeting
- 2024
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In: Clinical and Experimental Dental Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2057-4347. ; 10:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To attain a collective expert opinion on the use of air powder waterjet technology (APWT) with erythritol and glycine powders in the prophylaxis and therapy of periodontal and peri-implant diseases.Material and methods: In the first step, a modified one-round online Delphi survey including 44 five-point Likert scale questions was conducted among a group of 10 expert clinicians and researchers with thorough knowledge and experience in this topic. In the second step, the single questions and the survey results were discussed during a meeting, and consensus statements were formulated, respectively.Results: An agreement was reached on most items, especially opinions supporting glycine and erythritol powders as favorable with respect to efficiency, safety, and comfort. More scientific evidence is needed to support the improvement in clinical attachment on teeth and implants, especially when APWT with erythritol is used. In addition, APWT needs more long-term evaluation and studies in terms of microbiome/microbiological effects as well as effects on the inflammatory response on natural teeth and implants, also in light of a guided biofilm therapy concept.Conclusions: In line with the expert opinions and supported by the evidence, it was concluded that the use of APWT with erythritol and glycine powders in nonsurgical periodontal and peri-implant therapy and prophylaxis is patient compliant and efficient.
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| 9. |
- Mensi, Mounir, et al.
(author)
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Direct Measurement of Nanoscale Lateral Carrier Diffusion : Toward Scanning Diffusion Microscopy
- 2018
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In: ACS Photonics. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2330-4022. ; 5:2, s. 528-534
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A multimode scanning near-field optical microscopy technique that allows the mapping of surface morphology, photoluminescence (PL) spectra in illumination and illumination-collection modes, and PL dynamics, all in one scan, has been developed along with a method to use it for evaluation of carrier diffusion. The method allows measuring diffusion lengths as small as similar to 100 nm and their anisotropy and spatial distribution, parameters remaining inaccessible to conventional far-field techniques. The procedure has been applied to study ambipolar carrier diffusion in a nonpolar m-plane InGaN/GaN quantum well. The diffusion was found to be highly anisotropic with diffusion coefficients along and perpendicular to the wurtzite c axis equal to 0.4 and 1.9 cm(2)/s, respectively. The large diffusion anisotropy confirms band structure calculations that suggest that the topmost valence band in an m-plane InGaN quantum well is highly anisotropic.
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