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| 2. |
- Ortiz Rios, Rodomiro Octavio, et al.
(author)
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Oil crops for the future
- 2020
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In: Current Opinion in Plant Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1369-5266 .- 1879-0356. ; 56, s. 181-189
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Agriculture faces enormous challenges including the need to substantially increase productivity, reduce environmental footprint, and deliver renewable alternatives that are being addressed by developing new oil crops for the future. The efforts include domestication of Lepidium spp. using genomics-aided breeding as a cold hardy perennial high-yielding oil crop that provides substantial environmental benefits, expands the geography for oil crops, and improves farmers’ economy. In addition, genetic engineering in Crambe abyssinica may lead to a dedicated industrial oil crop to replace fossil oil. Redirection of photosynthates from starch to oil in plant tubers and cereal endosperm also provides a path for enhancing oil production to meet the growing demands for food, fuel, and biomaterials. Insect pheromone components are produced in seed oil plants in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly pest management replacing synthetically produced pheromones. Autophagy is explored for increasing crop fitness and oil accumulation using genetic engineering in Arabidopsis.
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| 4. |
- Bozhkov, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Transcriptional stimulation of autophagy improves plant fitness
- 2017
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Patent (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The present invention provides to a method for enhancing the productivity of a plant by genetically modifying the genome of the plant to over-express at least one autophagy-related (ATG) protein selected from the group consisting of ATG5 and ATG7. The invention further provides a genetically modified plant characterized by over-expression of least one autophagy related (ATG) protein selected from the group consisting of ATG5 and ATG7.Additionally the use of a transgene encoding atleast one autophagy related (ATG) protein selected from the group consisting of ATG5 and ATG7for enhancing the productivity of a plantis disclosed.
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| 5. |
- Dauphinee, Adrian N., et al.
(author)
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Chemical Screening Pipeline for Identification of Specific Plant Autophagy Modulators
- 2019
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In: Plant Physiology. - : AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 181:3, s. 855-866
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autophagy is a major catabolic process in eukaryotes with a key role in homeostasis, programmed cell death, and aging. In plants, autophagy is also known to regulate agronomically important traits such as stress resistance, longevity, vegetative biomass, and seed yield. Despite its significance, there is still a shortage of reliable tools modulating plant autophagy. Here, we describe the first robust pipeline for identification of specific plant autophagy-modulating compounds. Our screening protocol comprises four phases: (1) high-throughput screening of chemical compounds in cell cultures of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum); (2) confirmation of the identified hits in planta using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana); (3) further characterization of the effect using conventional molecular biology methods; and (4) verification of chemical specificity on autophagy in planta. The methods detailed here streamline the identification of specific plant autophagy modulators and aid in unraveling the molecular mechanisms of plant autophagy.
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| 7. |
- Elander, Pernilla, et al.
(author)
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Autophagy in turnover of lipid stores: trans-kingdom comparison
- 2018
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In: Journal of Experimental Botany. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-0957 .- 1460-2431. ; 69, s. 1301-1311
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Lipids and their cellular utilization are essential for life. Not only are lipids energy storage molecules, but their diverse structural and physical properties underlie various aspects of eukaryotic biology, such as membrane structure, signalling, and trafficking. In the ever-changing environment of cells, lipids, like other cellular components, are regularly recycled to uphold the housekeeping processes required for cell survival and organism longevity. The ways in which lipids are recycled, however, vary between different phyla. For example, animals and plants have evolved distinct lipid degradation pathways. The major cell recycling system, autophagy, has been shown to be instrumental for both differentiation of specialized fat storing-cells, adipocytes, and fat degradation in animals. Does plant autophagy play a similar role in storage and degradation of lipids? In this review, we discuss and compare implications of bulk autophagy and its selective route, lipophagy, in the turnover of lipid stores in animals, fungi, and plants.
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| 8. |
- Elander, Pernilla, et al.
(author)
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Interactome of Arabidopsis ATG5 Suggests Functions beyond Autophagy
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autophagy is a catabolic pathway capable of degrading cellular components ranging from individual molecules to organelles. Autophagy helps cells cope with stress by removing superfluous or hazardous material. In a previous work, we demonstrated that transcriptional upregulation of two autophagy-related genes, ATG5 and ATG7, in Arabidopsis thaliana positively affected agronomically important traits: biomass, seed yield, tolerance to pathogens and oxidative stress. Although the occurrence of these traits correlated with enhanced autophagic activity, it is possible that autophagy-independent roles of ATG5 and ATG7 also contributed to the phenotypes. In this study, we employed affinity purification and LC-MS/MS to identify the interactome of wild-type ATG5 and its autophagy-inactive substitution mutant, ATG5(K128R) Here we present the first interactome of plant ATG5, encompassing not only known autophagy regulators but also stress-response factors, components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, proteins involved in endomembrane trafficking, and potential partners of the nuclear fraction of ATG5. Furthermore, we discovered post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and acetylation present on ATG5 complex components that are likely to play regulatory functions. These results strongly indicate that plant ATG5 complex proteins have roles beyond autophagy itself, opening avenues for further investigations on the complex roles of autophagy in plant growth and stress responses.
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| 9. |
- Holla, Sanjana, et al.
(author)
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RoPod, a customizable toolkit for non-invasive root imaging, reveals cell type-specific dynamics of plant autophagy
- 2024
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In: Scientific Reports. - 2045-2322. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Arabidopsis root is a classic model system in plant cell and molecular biology. The sensitivity of plant roots to local environmental perturbation challenges data reproducibility and incentivizes further optimization of imaging and phenotyping tools. Here we present RoPod, an easy-to-use toolkit for low-stress live time-lapse imaging of Arabidopsis roots. RoPod comprises a dedicated protocol for plant cultivation and a customizable 3D-printed vessel with integrated microscopy-grade glass that serves simultaneously as a growth and imaging chamber. RoPod reduces impact of sample handling, preserves live samples for prolonged imaging sessions, and facilitates application of treatments during image acquisition. We describe a protocol for RoPods fabrication and provide illustrative application pipelines for monitoring root hair growth and autophagic activity. Furthermore, we showcase how the use of RoPods advanced our understanding of plant autophagy, a major catabolic pathway and a key player in plant fitness. Specifically, we obtained fine time resolution for autophagy response to commonly used chemical modulators of the pathway and revealed previously overlooked cell type-specific changes in the autophagy response. These results will aid a deeper understanding of the physiological role of autophagy and provide valuable guidelines for choosing sampling time during end-point assays currently employed in plant autophagy research.
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| 10. |
- Iwarsson, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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Diversity Of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Landraces In Eastern Serbia: Morphological And Storage Protein Characterization
- 2010
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In: Maydica. - 0025-6153. ; 55, s. 231-238
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ten maize accessions (labelled as PF-ZM plus number) from Eastern Serbia were characterized by means of morphological and storage protein analysis. Estimation of 20 morphological traits was based on the IBP-GR Descriptors for maize. Zein composition was determined by the SDS gel electrophoresis. Variation of morphological characteristics among populations ranged from 4% for kernel width to 28% for kernel length. Accessions with the highest values of morphological traits were identified: PF-ZM 4 for ear diameter and kernel length, PF-ZM 5 for number of leaves and diameters of cob and rachis, PF-ZM 12 for leaf width and kernel thickness, PF-ZM 18 for number of kernels per row, PF-ZM 34 for number of ears per plant, venation index, number of rows per ear, and diameter of ear basis, and finally PF-ZM 37 for plant height, leaf length, and ear length.The gel electrophoresis showed the presence of five different fractions of zein proteins, which were classified as alpha-zeins and gamma-zeins. The alpha-zeins comprised on average 64 percent of the total registered zeins. Molecular weights of alpha-zein fractions identified on the gels were 17, 18, 21 and 24 kDa, and the only fraction identified as gamma-zein was 27 kDa.The assessment of morphological / productive traits of landraces, together with molecular markers, could represent a prerequisite for their protection. At the same time, such information could be of importance for both scientists and breeders.
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