| 1. |
- Datta, Shouvik, et al.
(author)
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Marginal quenches and drives in Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids
- 2023
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In: SciPost Physics. - : Stichting SciPost. - 2542-4653. ; 14:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids thrown out of equilibrium by marginal deformations in the form of interaction modulations. This is modeled by quenching or periodically driving the Luttinger parameter or, equivalently, the compactification radius of the free boson conformal field theory between two different values. We obtain exact analytical results for the evolution of the Loschmidt echo and observables such as the particle and energy densities. Starting from generic initial states, the quench dynamics are shown to exhibit revivals and temporal orthogonalities. For the periodic drive, we show stability or instability of time-evolved physical quantities dependent on the drive parameters. We also compare the corresponding marginally deformed thermal density matrices by non-perturbatively evaluating their Rényi divergence as a Euclidean quench. All the dynamics are shown to be crucially dependent on the ratio of the Luttinger parameters, which corresponds to the Zamolodchikov distance in the space of marginal deformations. Our setup is equivalently interpreted as the dynamics of the bosonic string upon instantaneous changes of the target-space radius.
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| 2. |
- Langmann, Edwin, et al.
(author)
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Construction by bosonization of a fermion-phonon model
- 2015
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In: Journal of Mathematical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0022-2488 .- 1089-7658. ; 56:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We discuss an extension of the (massless) Thirring model describing interacting fermions in one dimension which are coupled to phonons and where all interactions are local. This fermion-phonon model can be solved exactly by bosonization.We present a construction and solution of this model which is mathematically rigorous by treating it as a continuum limit of a Luttinger-phonon model. A self-contained account of the mathematical results underlying bosonization is included, together with complete proofs.
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| 3. |
- Langmann, Edwin, et al.
(author)
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Diffusive Heat Waves in Random Conformal Field Theory
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We propose and study a conformal field theory (CFT) model with random position-dependent velocity that, as we argue, naturally emerges as an effective description of heat transport in one-dimensional quantum many-body systems with certain static random impurities. We present exact analytical results that elucidate how purely ballistic heat waves in standard CFT can acquire normal and anomalous diffusive contributions due to our impurities. Our results include impurity-averaged Green's functions describing the time evolution of the energy density and the heat current, and an explicit formula for the thermal conductivity that, in addition to a universal Drude peak, has a non-trivial real regular contribution that depends on details of the impurities.
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| 4. |
- Langmann, Edwin, et al.
(author)
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Diffusive Heat Waves in Random Conformal Field Theory
- 2019
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In: Physical Review Letters. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 122:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose and study a conformal field theory (CFT) model with random position-dependent velocity that, as we argue, naturally emerges as an effective description of heat transport in one-dimensional quantum many-body systems with certain static random impurities. We present exact analytical results that elucidate how purely ballistic heat waves in standard CFT can acquire normal and anomalous diffusive contributions due to our impurities. Our results include impurity-averaged Green's functions describing the time evolution of the energy density and the heat current, and an explicit formula for the thermal conductivity that, in addition to a universal Drude peak, has a nontrivial real regular contribution that depends on details of the impurities.
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| 5. |
- Langmann, Edwin, et al.
(author)
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Finite-Time Universality in Nonequilibrium CFT
- 2018
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In: Journal of statistical physics. - : Springer. - 0022-4715 .- 1572-9613. ; 172:2, s. 353-378
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recently, remarkably simple exact results were presented about the dynamics of heat transport in the local Luttinger model for nonequilibrium initial states defined by position-dependent temperature profiles. We present mathematical details on how these results were obtained. We also give an alternative derivation using only algebraic relations involving the energy-momentum tensor which hold true in any unitary conformal field theory (CFT). This establishes a simple universal correspondence between initial temperature profiles and the resulting heat-wave propagation in CFT. We extend these results to larger classes of nonequilibrium states. It is proposed that such universal CFT relations provide benchmarks to identify nonuniversal properties of nonequilibrium dynamics in other models.
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| 6. |
- Langmann, Edwin, et al.
(author)
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Steady states and universal conductance in a quenched Luttinger model
- 2017
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In: Communications in Mathematical Physics. - : Springer Nature. - 0010-3616 .- 1432-0916. ; 349:2, s. 551-582
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We obtain exact analytical results for the evolution of a 1+1-dimensional Luttinger model prepared in a domain wall initial state, i.e., a state with different densities on its left and right sides. Such an initial state is modeled as the ground state of a translation invariant Luttinger Hamiltonian (Formula presented.) with short range non-local interaction and different chemical potentials to the left and right of the origin. The system evolves for time t > 0 via a Hamiltonian (Formula presented.) which differs from (Formula presented.) by the strength of the interaction. Asymptotically in time, as (Formula presented.), after taking the thermodynamic limit, the system approaches a translation invariant steady state. This final steady state carries a current I and has an effective chemical potential difference (Formula presented.) between right- (+) and left- (−) moving fermions obtained from the two-point correlation function. Both I and (Formula presented.) depend on (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.). Only for the case (Formula presented.) does (Formula presented.) equal the difference in the initial left and right chemical potentials. Nevertheless, the Landauer conductance for the final state, (Formula presented.), has a universal value equal to the conductance quantum (Formula presented.) for the spinless case.
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| 7. |
- Langmann, Edwin, et al.
(author)
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Time evolution of the Luttinger model with nonuniform temperature profile
- 2017
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In: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 95:23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study the time evolution of a one-dimensional interacting fermion system described by the Luttinger model starting from a nonequilibrium state defined by a smooth temperature profile T (x). As a specific example we consider the case when T (x) is equal to T-L (T-R) far to the left (right). Using a series expansion in epsilon = 2(T-R -T-L)/(T-L + T-R), we compute the energy density, the heat current density, and the fermion two-point correlation function for all times t >= 0. For local (delta-function) interactions, the first two are computed to all orders, giving simple exact expressions involving the Schwarzian derivative of the integral of T (x). For nonlocal interactions, breaking scale invariance, we compute the nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) to all orders and the evolution to first order in epsilon. The heat current in the NESS is universal even when conformal invariance is broken by the interactions, and its dependence on T-L,T-R agrees with numerical results for the XXZ spin chain. Moreover, our analytical formulas predict peaks at short times in the transition region between different temperatures and show dispersion effects that, even if nonuniversal, are qualitatively similar to ones observed in numerical simulations for related models, such as spin chains and interacting lattice fermions.
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| 8. |
- Moosavi, Per
(author)
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Interacting fermions and non-equilibrium properties of one-dimensional many-body systems
- 2016
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Recent experimental progress on ultracold atomic gases have opened up the possibility to simulate many-body systems out of equilibrium. We consider such a system described by the Luttinger model, which is a model of interacting fermions in one spatial dimension.It is well known that the Luttinger model is exactly solvable using bosonization. This also remains true for certain extensions of the model, e.g., where, in addition, the fermions are coupled to phonons. We give a self-contained account of bosonization, together with complete proofs, and show how this can be used to solve the Luttinger model and the above fermion-phonon model rigorously.The main focus is on non-equilibrium properties of the Luttinger model. We use the exact solution of the Luttinger model, with non-local interactions, to study the evolution starting from a non-uniform initial state with a position-dependent chemical potential. The system is shown to reach a current-carrying final steady state, in which the universal value of the electrical conductance, known from near-to-equilibrium settings, is recovered. We also study the effects of suddenly changing the interactions and show that the final state has memory of the initial state, which is, e.g., manifested by non- equilibrium exponents in its fermion two-point correlation functions.
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| 9. |
- Moosavi, Per
(author)
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Non-equilibrium dynamics of exactly solvable quantum many-body systems
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Recent experimental advances on ultracold atomic gases and trapped ions have made it possible to simulate exactly solvable quantum systems of interacting particles. In particular, the feasibility of making rapid changes, so-called quantum quenches, to such set-ups has allowed experimentalists to probe non-equilibrium phenomena in closed interacting quantum systems. This, in turn, has spurred a considerable theoretical interest in quantum many-body systems out of equilibrium.In this thesis, we study non-equilibrium properties of quantum many-body systems in the framework of exactly solvable quantum field theory in one spatial dimension. Specific systems include interacting fermions described by the Luttinger model and effective descriptions of spin chains using conformal field theory (CFT). Special emphasis is placed on heat and charge transport, studied from the point of view of quench dynamics, and, in particular, the effects of breaking conformal symmetries on transport properties. Examples include the Luttinger model with non-local interactions, breaking Lorentz and scale invariance, and inhomogeneous CFT, which generalizes standard CFT in that the usual propagation velocity v is replaced by a function v(x) that depends smoothly on the position x, breaking translation invariance.The quench dynamics studied here is for quantum quenches between, in general, different smooth inhomogeneous systems. An example of this is the so-called smooth-profile protocol, in which the initial state is defined by, e.g., smooth inhomogeneous profiles of inverse temperature and chemical potential, and the time evolution is governed by a homogeneous Hamiltonian. Using this protocol, we compute exact analytical results for the full time evolution of the systems mentioned above. In particular, we derive finite-time results that are universal in the sense that the same relations between the non-equilibrium dynamics and the initial profiles hold for any unitary CFT. These results also make clear that heat and charge transport in standard CFT are purely ballistic.Finally, we propose and study an inhomogeneous CFT model with v(x) given by a random function. We argue that this model naturally emerges as an effective description of one-dimensional quantum many-body systems with certain static random impurities. Using tools from wave propagation in random media, we show that such impurities lead to normal and anomalous diffusive contributions to heat transport on top of the ballistic one known from standard CFT.
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