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- Ahmmad, Sheikh Rishad, et al.
(author)
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Impact of Building Geometry, Window Types, and Materials on Daylighting Performance of Livestock Buildings
- 2024
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In: 15th International Congress on Agricultural Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture - ANKAgEng 2023. - 2366-2557 .- 2366-2565. - 9783031515781 ; 458 LNCE, s. 262-274
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The availability and quality of natural light in livestock buildings affect the welfare and productivity of animals and their caretakers, while affecting the energy performance of the buildings. This study investigated the impact of different building properties on daylight conditions of livestock buildings. The study was conducted via parametric daylight simulations in Climatestudio. Firstly, building geometries with different facade orientations, width-to-length ratios, and roof pitches were simulated. Secondly, different glazing types, sizes, and locations were considered for their respective daylight performance. Finally, the use of different materials for the facade, floor and roof of the buildings were simulated and comparatively analysed. The study analysed the simulation results to assess daylight availability in relation to different building properties. The results provided insight that can help determine building geometry, window properties, and material selection during the design process. Overall, the study highlighted the importance of further research and development of design guidelines and standards that incorporate these factors to improve the daylighting performance of these buildings, while ensuring animal welfare and productivity.
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| 2. |
- Esmaeili, Nima, et al.
(author)
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Synthesis and characterization of methacrylated star-shaped poly(lactic acid) emplying core moilecules with different hydroxyl groups
- 2017
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In: Journal of Applied Polymer Science. - : Wiley. - 0021-8995 .- 1097-4628. ; 134:39
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A set of novel bio-based star-shaped thermoset resins was synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of lactide and employing different multi-hydroxyl core molecules, including ethylene glycol, glycerol, and erythritol. The branches were end-functionalized with methacrylic anhydride. The effect of the core molecule on the melt viscosity, the curing behavior of the thermosets and also, the thermomechanical properties of the cured resins were investigated. Resins were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 13C-NMR, and 1H-NMR to confirm the chemical structure. Rheological analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis were performed to obtain the melt viscosity and the curing behavior of the studied star-shaped resins. Thermomechanical properties of the cured resins were also measured by dynamic mechanical analysis. The erythritol-based resin had superior thermomechanical properties compared to the other resins and also, lower melt viscosity compared to the glycerol-based resin. These are of desired characteristics for a resin, intended to be used as a matrix for the structural composites. Thermomechanical properties of the cured resins were also compared to a commercial unsaturated polyester resin and the experimental results indicated that erythritol-based resin with 82% bio-based content has superior thermomechanical properties, compared to the commercial polyester resin. Results of this study indicated that although core molecule with higher number of hydroxyl groups results in resins with better thermomechanical properties, number of hydroxyl groups is not the only governing factor for average molecular weight and melt viscosity of the uncured S-LA resins.
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