| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368 .- 1550-7998. ; 92:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2013
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
- Ahmad, Tashfeen
(author)
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Diabetic osteopathy : a study in the rat
- 2003
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The present study on non-obese Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with type-2 diabetes and neuropathy was an attempt to describe and define pertinent features of diabetic osteopathy. Altogether, the study included 33 GK rats aged 12 and 20 months, and 36 age-matched Wistar rats as controls. All underwent test of glucose tolerance and nerve (sciatic) conduction velocity (NCV) showing that the diabetic rats had significantly higher blood glucose levels and lower NCV confirming the presence of diabetes and neuropathy. Skeletal features: Radiologic analysis of bone entailed X-ray, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT). In diabetic rats, the length of humerus and height of vertebrae was reduced by 8%. The long bones exhibited endosteal erosion of the diaphyses up to 18% and periosteal expansion up to 8%. The vertebrae and metaphyses of long bones showed a decrease up to 24% in areal bone mineral density (BMD), whereas no decrease was seen in the diaphyses. Cross-sectional measurements by pQCT showed a decrease in volumetric BMD ranging from 33 to 62%, which exclusively pertained to trabecular bone (vertebrae, metaphyses), whereas volumetric BMD of the cortical bone of diaphyses was only marginally affected. The results indicate that juxta-articular bone in diabetes is substantially weaker, whereas diaphyseal cortical bone may be even stronger. Over all, the observations suggest that the diabetic skeleton is characterized by regional changes, which cannot be explained by systemic factors like calcium regulating hormones. Local bone turn-over is regulated by complex mechanisms involving cytokines, prostaglandins, growth factors and, also neuropeptides. Further analysis focused on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and neuronal mediators in bone. IGF system: Immunoassays of IGF-I were done on serum, ankle samples and cortical preparations. In addition, the inhibitory IGF-I binding proteins, IGFBP-1 and -4 were analysed in serum. In diabetic rats, serum IGF-I was reduced by 18%, while IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-4 were increased by 89 and 20%, respectively. This complies with the lower BMD in the diabetic rats. In cortical bone, IGF-I was reduced by 38%, whereas no change was seen in ankles. The loss of IGF-I in cortical bone represents a novel finding. Given the cortical expansion observed in diabetic rats, the opposite was expected. Conceivably, loss of IGF-I results in endosteal erosion, which is compensated by periosteal expansion. Neuropeptides: The analyses focused on two sensory mediators, i.e. substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene- related peptide (CGRP), and one autonomic, i.e. neuropeptide Y (NPY). Immunohistochemistry was applied to ankles and tibial diaphyses, whereas radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used for separate preparations of periosteum, cortex and bone marrow from femur and tibia, whole ankles, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and lumbar spinal cord. The morphological analysis showed SP, CGRP and NPY positive nerve fibers in bone and joints, which mostly were blood vessel related, although free terminals were also seen. In addition, NPY-positive hematopoietic cells were observed in the bone marrow. RIA revealed a significant decrease of CGRP, albeit not of SP, in DRG (-26%) and spinal cord (-29%) in the diabetic rats. As for bone, only NPY was significantly reduced, most evidently in bone marrow (-66%), but also in cortical bone (-36%) and ankles (-29%). Given the bone anabolic effects of CGRP and NPY, loss of these neuropeptides may prove, at least partly, to underlie the trabecular osteopenia and endocortical erosion observed in diabetic rats. Conclusion: The skeleton of diabetic rats with type-2 diabetes and neuropathy is characterized by regional changes of size, form, mineral content and density and concomitantly with regional abnormalities of the IGF- system and neuropeptides suggesting that also local factors beyond systemic play an important role in the development of diabetic osteopathy.
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| 4. |
- Ahmad, T., et al.
(author)
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Frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction
- 2020
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In: Medical Forum Monthly. - : Medical Forum Monthly. - 1029-385X. ; 31:12, s. 3-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To find out frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Descriptive / Cross-Sectional Study Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted at the Cardiology Department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from November 2018 to May 2019. Materials and Methods: Patient of either gender having age ranging between 30-75 years old with acute STEMI who present within 12 hours of symptoms and with no past history of documented diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Venous blood samples for laboratory data, including random blood sugar, two fasting blood sugar and HBA1c using hitachi modular evo p800 machine was done. Results: A total of 158 patients having acute STEMI were studied. Males were 68.4% (n=108).The mean age was 59.65 ±10.80 years. Frequency of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 31.64 % (n = 50). In non-diabetics stress hyperglycemia was found in 51.85 % (n=56) patients. Among various types of STEMI, anterior STEMI was more common presentation 34.1 % (n=54. p= 0.85). Mean HBA1C was 6.19 ± 1.87%. Frequency of Ventricular tachycardia (VT) was 22.2 % in which undiagnosed diabetics were n=18 (p=0.004).Ventricular fibrillation was present in 13.3 % patients with undiagnosed diabetics were n=14 (p=0.001). Frequency of AF was 13.9% (n=22) with undiagnosed diabetics having AF in n=13 (p=0.003). SVT was present in 5.7% (n=9) patients with not significant difference between two groups (p=0.017). Among various mechanical complications VSR was present in 10 % (n=16) of patients (p=0.001), cardiogenic shock in 11.1 % (n=18) patients (p=0.004), acute LVF was present in 15.8 % patients (p=0.017). Conclusion: In our study we concluded that one third of patients having acute ST elevation myocardial infarction have undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (31.64 %, n = 50). The most common complication was ventricular tachycardia among electrical complication and LVF among mechanical complication.
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| 5. |
- Ahmad, Tauseef, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Methodology for Power-Aware Coherent Receiver Design
- 2013
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In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - 2162-2701. ; , s. SPT4D.4-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We describe a methodology to design and evaluate DSP hardware for a coherent receiver. Important parameters that can be assessed include DSP power consumption and chip area.
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| 6. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Changes in leisure-time physical activity during the adult life span and relations to cardiovascular risk factors-Results from multiple Swedish studies
- 2021
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective To evaluate how self-reported leisure-time physical activity (PA) changes during the adult life span, and to study how PA is related to cardiovascular risk factors using longitudinal studies. Methods Several Swedish population-based longitudinal studies were used in the present study (PIVUS, ULSAM, SHE, and SHM, ranging from hundreds to 30,000 participants) to represent information across the adult life span in both sexes. Also, two cross-sectional studies were used as comparison (EpiHealth, LifeGene). PA was assessed by questionnaires on a four or five-level scale. Results Taking results from several samples into account, an increase in PA from middle-age up to 70 years was found in males, but not in females. Following age 70, a decline in PA was seen. Young adults reported both a higher proportion of sedentary behavior and a higher proportion high PA than the elderly. Females generally reported a lower PA at all ages. PA was mainly associated with serum triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol, but also weaker relationships with fasting glucose, blood pressure and BMI were found. These relationships were generally less strong in elderly subjects. Conclusion Using data from multiple longitudinal samples the development of PA over the adult life span could be described in detail and the relationships between PA and cardiovascular risk factors were portrayed. In general, a higher or increased physical activity over time was associated with a more beneficial cardiovascular risk factor profile, especially lipid levels.
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| 7. |
- Bivik Stadler, Caroline, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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PIP degron-stabilized Dacapo/p21(Cip)(1) and mutations in ago act in an anti- versus pro-proliferative manner, yet both trigger an increase in Cyclin E levels
- 2019
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In: Development. - : COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 146:13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During cell cycle progression, the activity of the CycE-Cdk2 complex gates S-phase entry. CycE-Cdk2 is inhibited by CDK inhibitors (CKIs) of the Cip/Kip family, which include the human p21(Cip)(1) and Drosophila Dacapo (Dap) proteins. Both the CycE and Cip/Kip family proteins are under elaborate control via protein degradation, mediated by the Cullin-RING ligase (CRL) family of ubiquitin ligase complexes. The CRL complex SCFFoxw7/Ago targets phosphorylated CycE, whereas p21(Cip)(1) and Dap are targeted by the CRLCdf2 complex, binding to the PIP degron. The role of CRL-mediated degradation of CycE and Cip/Kip proteins during CNS development is not well understood. Here, we analyse the role of ago (Fbxw7)-mediated CycE degradation, and of Dap and p21(Cip)(1) degradation during Drosophila CNS development. We find that ago mutants display over-proliferation, accompanied by elevated CycE expression levels. By contrast, expression of PIP degron mutant Dap and p21(Cip)(1) transgenes inhibit proliferation. However, surprisingly, this is also accompanied by elevated CycE levels. Hence, ago mutation and PIP degron Cip/Kip transgenic expression trigger opposite effects on proliferation, but similar effects on CycE levels.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Rodriguez-Lopez, Salvador, et al.
(author)
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Estimates for rough Fourier integral and pseudodifferential operators and applications to the boundedness of multilinear operators
- 2013
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In: Journal of Functional Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1236 .- 1096-0783. ; 264:10, s. 2356-2385
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study the boundedness of rough Fourier integral and pseudodifferential operators, defined by general rough Hörmander class amplitudes, on Banach and quasi-Banach LpLp spaces. Thereafter we apply the aforementioned boundedness in order to improve on some of the existing boundedness results for Hörmander class bilinear pseudodifferential operators and certain classes of bilinear (as well as multilinear) Fourier integral operators. For these classes of amplitudes, the boundedness of the aforementioned Fourier integral operators turn out to be sharp. Furthermore we also obtain results for rough multilinear operators.
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| 10. |
- Zhong, Yadong, et al.
(author)
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Effects of two whole-grain barley varieties on caecal SCFA, gut microbiota and plasma inflammatory markers in rats consuming low- and high-fat diets.
- 2015
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In: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 113:10, s. 1558-1570
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mixed-linkage β-glucans are fermented by the colon microbiota that give rise to SCFA. Propionic and butyric acids have been found to play an important role in colonic health, as well as they may have extraintestinal metabolic effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate how two whole-grain barley varieties differing in dietary fibre and β-glucan content affected caecal SCFA, gut microbiota and some plasma inflammatory markers in rats consuming low-fat (LF) or high-fat (HF) diets. Barley increased the caecal pool of SCFA in rats fed the LF and HF diets compared with those fed the control diet, and the effect was generally dependent on fibre content, an exception was butyric acid in the LF setting. Furthermore, whole-grain barley reduced plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, increased the caecal abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased the Bacteroides fragilis group, but increased the number of Bifidobacterium only when dietary fat was consumed at a low level. Fat content influenced the effects of barley: rats fed the HF diets had a higher caecal pool of acetic and propionic acids, higher concentrations of amino acids and higher amounts of lipids in the portal plasma and liver than rats fed the LF diets; however, less amounts of butyric acid were generally formed. Interestingly, there was an increase in the caecal abundance of Akkermansia and the caecal pool of succinic acid, and a decrease in the proportion of Bifidobacterium and the Clostridium leptum group. In summary, whole-grain barley decreased HF diet-induced inflammation, which was possibly related to the formation of SCFA and changes in microbiota composition. High β-glucan content in the diet was associated with reduced plasma cholesterol levels.
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