| 1. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(author)
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Digitalization and verifiability strategy for sustainability management of transports in the construction sector
- 2024
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The construction sector is under a strong transformation, partly due to accelerating digitalization, and partly due to an increase in sustainability requirements. The drivers of digitalization are increased productivity, efficiency, and quality, whereas the requirements on sustainability performance are related to many external forces impacting the sector, such as stricter regulations on the verifiability of claims concerning resource efficiency, emissions, and waste management. In particular, the transport actors within the construction sector need a strategy to digitalize all their sustainability information. This report approaches this issue by integrating the BEAst (PEPPOL) standard for the construction sector’s data exchange with the ISO standard ISO 14033 for controlling the verifiability of quantitative sustainability information. The report shows how standards-based requirements on data exchange to and from all construction transport actors and stakeholders enable digitalization and data flows in a cost-efficient way and with short lead time to reduce administration, facilitate follow-up, enable traceability and verifiability, efficiency, and goal fulfillment combining societal and environmental benefits.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(author)
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Digitalization Strategy for Sustainable Transport in the Construction Sector
- 2024
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In: <em>Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies</em>. - : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. ; , s. 45-62
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The construction sector is under a strong transformation, partly due to accelerating digitalization and partly due to an increase in sustainability requirements. The drivers of digitalization are increased productivity, efficiency, and quality, whereas the requirements on sustainability performance are related to many external forces impacting the sector, such as stricter regulations on the verifiability of claims concerning total resource efficiency, emissions, and waste management. In particular, this leads to the transport actors within the construction sector who need a strategy to digitalize their sustainability information handling, from data sources on vehicle, fuel, good, endpoints, and routes to total logistics commissions and projects, as well as how to integrate their data and information with other actors in the construction sector. This paper investigates this issue by assessing approaches to this combined challenge and shows how to integrate data exchange standards of the construction sector (the Swedish BEAst and the international PEPPOL) with an ISO standard for controlling the verifiability of quantitative sustainability information. The research shows how such standards-based requirements on data exchange between and from all construction transport actors and stakeholders throughout full product life cycles and total transport chains enable digitalization and data flows in a cost-efficient way and with short lead time. This in turn intends to reduce administrational costs and errors, as well as facilitate follow-up, traceability, verifiability, efficiency, as well as improves the managerial control necessary to reduce societal and environmental risks. © The Author(s)
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(author)
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LAST CANVAS – Principles and guidelines
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report is intended to guide the use of the Certified to LAST canvases. The concept of LAST establishes the fundamental content, trust and structure of an information system needed to verify the promises and claims about individual product’s circularity, durability, and sustainability. This refers to claims about the product’s durability lifetime, accessibility to affordable service and spare parts, resource efficiency, and other sustainability claims about the materials and resources. These claims are classified into four groups, Long lifetime, Accessible service and spare parts, Sustainable materials and life cycle, and Transparent information, abbreviated into L, A, S, and T, and integrated into a certified market competition platform called Certified to LAST.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(author)
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Long-Lived Sustainable Products through Digital Innovation
- 2022
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digitalization is key for an organization to achieve sustainability leadership, to be able to conform with sustainability objectives, support claims, and inform consumers and consecutive stakeholders. However, there is no impartial, credible, and universal market platform where market competition favors data exchange and traceability of products and materials. This paper addresses the question of how to utilize digital tools to meet the challenges at the interface between the producer and the consumer. The methodology of the study is action research, which includes various qualitative and quantitative research methods. The research results in the creation of an information system platform, which shows how to merge digital information with a product to provide credibility to consumers and support their purchasing decision based on the claimed lifetime of the product, the sustainability requirements met, how the consumer will find service and spare parts, as well as the design of a universal digital twin. This research contributes to the transparency and traceability aspects by showing how organizations can work and cooperate to create verifiable information and establish claims that support resource efficiency decisions, as well as demonstrating how a traceability system can facilitate the efficient use of materials and energy resources. © 2022 by the authors.
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(author)
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Managing Circular Electric Vehicle Battery Lifecycles Using Standards
- 2024
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In: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. - : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 2190-3018 .- 2190-3026. ; 377, s. 63-77
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The electric vehicle (EV) market and its implied battery resource management are in large and fast expansion. The European Union is developing directives for digital product passport for batteries, where much understanding and knowledge of battery management are quickly growing. Coordinating standards that can harmonize circular battery management and spread best practices is therefore in high demand. This research presents a review of existing standards that support managing circular EV battery lifecycles. It was performed to understand the maturity of the circular battery lifecycle, regarding battery performance and safety to workers, EV passengers, and the environment. The review structure was made by positioning standards to key steps throughout the circular battery lifecycle, highlighting steps where handling, producing, testing, servicing, and remanufacturing could be expected to support harmonization and guidance. The scope was limited to mainly lithium-ion batteries for vehicle traction but also included general standards concerning recycling, safe battery handling, and environmental management. The resulting mapping summarizes a catalog of existing and upcoming standards. It shows that many important standards are available. Much still needs to be developed, especially with regard to tests for reused batteries’ health and performance and with regard to how to synchronize performance specifications along and across the circular life cycle stages. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempt to provide such a comprehensive overview of standards that covers the whole circular electric vehicle battery lifecycles.
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(author)
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Testing metrics for measuring the circularity while metrics are being standardized - TRACE CERTAINTY TRAnsitioning to a Circular Economy via CERTificAtion in INdusTrY : PROJECT FINAL REPORT Reference Number 2020-04410
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report describes the results and the learnings of a project that had the aim to develop a protocol for measuring circularity for products. The project was centered around an assessment of the real-world example of a lubrication cleaning and recirculation system by SKF RecondOil. The process of assessment required that the team match circularity in principle (how circularity can be measured in theory) with circularity in practice (how circularity can be measured in a real system). In the process, the team identified different ways to measure circularity based on drafted circularity principles (from ongoing ISO work on circularity). In the end, these alternatives were to be practically verifiable and certifiable. Learnings are to be fed into ongoing work on developing international standards (ISO) for assessing circularity. In the progress of the work, a framework for understanding and measuring circularity for the system at hand was developed including: a heuristic (diagram) describing a system of interest and a list of chosen circular economy principles see Figure 3. It is thought that the heuristic and list of principles could be used to guide an entity in the process of first, creating their system model, and then, making sense of and applying principles.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(author)
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TRACE CERTAINTY - TRAnsitioning to a Circular Economy via CERTificAtion in INdusTrY : Testing metrics for measuring the circularity while metrics are being standardized: PROJECT FINAL REPORT Reference Number 2020-04410
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report describes the results and the learnings of a project that had the aim to develop a protocol for measuring circularity for products. The project was centered around an assessment of the real-world example of a lubrication cleaning and recirculation system by SKF RecondOil. The process of assessment required that the team match circularity in principle (how circularity can be measured in theory) with circularity in practice (how circularity can be measured in a real system). In the process, the team identified different ways to measure circularity based on drafted circularity principles (from ongoing ISO work on circularity). In the end, these alternatives were to be practically verifiable and certifiable. Learnings are to be fed into ongoing work on developing international standards (ISO) for assessing circularity. In the progress of the work, a framework for understanding and measuring circularity for the system at hand was developed including: a heuristic (diagram) describing a system of interest and a list of chosen circular economy principles see Figure 3. It is thought that the heuristic and list of principles could be used to guide an entity in the process of first, creating their system model, and then, making sense of and applying principles.
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| 8. |
- Nevzorova, Tatiana, 1992-
(author)
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Barriers, drivers and context environment of technological innovation : An analysis of the biogas industry in Russia
- 2021
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Global warming issues and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are high on many political agendas, and many scientists urge immediate changes to existing energy systems. In order to limit the drastic effects of climate change, complex solutions should be found that affect various sectors such as energy, agriculture, waste management, and transport. The value chain segments of the biogas industry belong to the above-stated sectors and biogas production can play an important role in addressing pollution control from these sectors. Despite the enormous potential of biogas, its realisation is rather slow and heterogeneous. Therefore, this PhD thesis intends to advance knowledge of the biogas industry by identifying and assessing barriers and driving forces for its deployment. Besides the identification of common development factors of the biogas industry, this thesis provides an in-depth analysis of the biogas industry in Russia. Biogas technologies can become a useful solution since they not only provide clean energy but also solve the problem of waste, which itself is a rather painful topic for residents of Russia.Technological innovation system (TIS) framework is taken as a theoretical point of departure in this thesis. Technological innovation has often been perceived as an essential part of any solution to tackle grand sustainability challenges, and the TIS concept constitutes a detailed model for the emergence and diffusion of innovation by covering an elaborate set of key processes and focusing on blocking and inducement mechanisms. At the same time, little is known about innovation processes in non-Western countries and emerging economies that deal with transition processes. Therefore, this PhD thesis contributes to the TIS research community by investigating the biogas industry in Russia and applying the TIS approach. Building on the following theoretical and empirical scopes, this PhD thesis investigates three particular research questions related to (1) a complete picture of barriers and driving forces for the biogas industry; (2) the evolution of the biogas industry in Russia; and (3) the context environment that affects biogas technology’s formation and functioning in Russia. This thesis also discusses several specific implications of the findings for theory and practice.In the theoretical part, the thesis contributes to the literature on innovation systems and sustainability transition by investigating the transformations of technological innovation, seeing it as a complex process that involves diverse contextual factors, multiple dimensions, and levels. It shows the importance of extending the TIS perspective with a more elaborate understanding of the structures and processes in its context environment. Furthermore, the thesis sheds some light on the notion of system drivers and explains what system drivers conceptually mean when TIS is taken from a theoretical standpoint. Last but not least, this PhD research presents arguments for bringing together insights from two broad sets of literature on 1) socio-technical transitions (in the form of TIS) and 2) policy process theory (in the form of an advocacy coalition framework) in order to improve the TIS analytical framework so that it can more effectively be used to study policy change and scrutinise analyses of technological innovation dynamics.In empirical terms, this thesis has focused on the evolution of the biogas industry. This study provides a novel contribution to the literature by integrating the existing barriers and drivers to the wider uptake of biogas as a source of energy into systematic classifications. Possible solutions on how to overcome the most critical barriers and how to strengthen the drivers are also suggested. Furthermore, this PhD thesis provides a thorough analysis of the biogas industry in Russia, including an estimation of its potential, identification of driving forces and barriers for the wider uptake of biogas technologies, and specific policy recommendations to overcome the most critical barriers. It also investigates Russia’s policy development of solar, wind, and bio-energies.
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| 9. |
- Nevzorova, Tatiana, et al.
(author)
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Barriers to the wider implementation of biogas as a source of energy: A state-of-the-art review
- 2019
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In: Energy Strategy Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688. ; 26, s. 100414-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many countries have realised that biogas as a source of energy is an important component for sustainability transition. However, the total production volume of biogas is still relatively low. Such slow development raises a fundamental question—what are the current barriers hindering the wider uptake of biogas as a source of energy? In order to answer the question, a systematic state-of-the-art review of the barriers was conducted based on the Scopus database. The results of the review were summarised by country and were divided into two broad categories: developed and developing economies. Each group was analysed separately according to six types of barriers: (1) technical, (2) economic, (3) market, (4) institutional, (5) socio-cultural, and (6) environmental barriers. By analysing the barriers through different contexts, the most frequent and crucial constraints the biogas industry currently faces were identified and integrated into a systematic classification. In addition, possible solutions on how to overcome the most critical barriers were added.
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| 10. |
- Nevzorova, Tatiana, 1992-
(author)
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Biogas Production in the Russian Federation : Current Status, Potential, and Barriers
- 2020
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In: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 13:(14)
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Russia has signed the Paris Agreement and recently approved its ratification. However, the Russian Government does not consider abandoning the production and use of hydrocarbons to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To meet the goals of the Agreement, Russia must find new innovative solutions. This study demonstrates that biogas is one of the most necessary renewable sources in Russia. Despite this, the deployment of biogas technologies is currently extremely slow. In this regard, to assess their subsequent impact on the Russian energy sector as a whole, it is important to identify the factors that hinder the wider implementation of biogas technologies. Based on the findings, the most critical barriers were identified and discussed in detail. In the light of the results, some policy-related recommendations are also proposed.
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