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- Niklasson, Camilla U., et al.
(author)
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Hypoxia inducible factor-2 alpha importance for migration, proliferation, and self-renewal of trunk neural crest cells
- 2021
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In: Developmental Dynamics. - : Wiley. - 1058-8388 .- 1097-0177. ; 250:2, s. 191-236
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The neural crest is a transient embryonic stem cell population. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2 α is associated with neural crest stem cell appearance and aggressiveness in tumors. However, little is known about its role in normal neural crest development.Results: Here, we show that HIF-2 α is expressed in trunk neural crest cells of human, murine, and avian embryos. Knockdown as well as overexpression of HIF-2 α in vivo causes developmental delays, induces proliferation, and self-renewal capacity of neural crest cells while decreasing the proportion of neural crest cells that migrate ventrally to sympathoadrenal sites. Reflecting the in vivo phenotype, transcriptome changes after loss of HIF-2 α reveal enrichment of genes associated with cancer, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and growth arrest.Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggest that expression levels of HIF-2 α must be strictly controlled during normal trunk neural crest development and that dysregulated levels affects several important features connected to stemness, migration, and development.
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| 5. |
- Wiklund, U, et al.
(author)
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Endoscopic transthoracic sympathicotomy affects the autonomic modulation of heart rate in patients with palmar hyperhidrosis
- 2000
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In: Acta Neurochirurgica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-6268 .- 0942-0940. ; 142:6, s. 691-696
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Palmar hyperhidrosis has been associated with an increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The objective of this study was to assess the immediate and long-term effects of endoscopic transthoracic sympathicotomy on the autonomic modulation of the heart rate in patients with palmar hyperhidrosis.METHODS: Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability in the lying position and after passive tilt to the upright position was performed in thirteen patients the day before and after sympathicotomy. A follow-up recording was performed in ten patients approximately six months later. Recordings from 26 healthy subjects were used as a reference group.FINDINGS: The patients had a tendency to higher power of the low-frequency (LF: 0.04-0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF; above 0.15 Hz) components than controls in the upright position. After sympathicotomy LF power was reduced, but HF power was unchanged. At follow-up LF power remained at a lower level, but now HF power was reduced.INTERPRETATION: Patients with palmar hyperhidrosis have a sympathetic overactivity but also a compensatory high parasympathetic activity. Sympathicotomy results in an initial sympathovagal imbalance with a parasympathetic predominance, which is restored on a long-term basis.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Lars-Göran, et al.
(author)
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Thallium-201 Myocardial Imaging at Rest in Male Orienteers and Other Endurance Athletes
- 2001
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In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Uppsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 106:1, s. 59-66
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the period 1979 to 1992, 16 sudden unexpected cardiac deaths were known to have occurred in young Swedish orienteers. Autopsy indicated myocarditis to be the most frequent finding, most often combined with extensive myocardial fibrosis. The aim of the present investigation was to explore whether young male orienteers show a higher frequency than other young elite endurance athletes (controls) in the occurrence of Thallium-201 myocardial perfusion defects at rest, suggestive of fibrosis evoked by myocarditis. Thallium-201 perfusion abnormalities at rest were more frequently found in the controls than in the orienteers (26% vs. 12%, p=0.03). Uneven Tl-201 perfusion was associated with left ventricular mass (r=0.32, r=0.24, p<0.01, p=0.02) and body weight (r=0.30, r=0.31, p<0.01, p=0.03) in orienteers and controls, respectively. Echocardiographic left ventricular wall motion abnormalities were found in 11 athletes (9 orienteers and 2 controls) but only two displayed an abnormal Thallium-201 perfusion scan at rest. Perfusion abnormalities at rest did not occur more frequently in the orienteers but were commonly found in both groups of apparently healthy athletes making it futile to discern abnormals from normals. Thallium-201 perfusion aberrations were not associated with left ventricular wall motion abnormalities obtained by echocardiography.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Staffan, et al.
(author)
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Continuous and stepwise cystometry through suprapubic catheters : effect of infusion pattern and infusion rate on the cystometrogram of the normal human bladder
- 1989
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In: Clinical Physiology. - 0144-5979 .- 1365-2281. ; 9:1, s. 89-96
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Continuous cystometry at two filling rates (50 and 100 ml min-1) and stepwise cystometry (successive rapid volume infusions followed by bladder wall relaxation) were performed in 12 healthy subjects. Suprapubic catheters were used for infusion and recording of perivesical and intravesical pressures. The continuous cystometrograms obtained at filling rates of 50 and 100 ml min-1, respectively, did not differ with respect to desire to void, transmural pressure increase or bladder capacity. Stepwise cystometry allowed the bladders to be filled to a slightly larger volume than during continuous cystometry, but with comparatively lower transmural pressures only at very large distension of the bladder. There was considerable inter-individual variation in transmural pressure at both continuous and stepwise cystometry. Stepwise cystometry did not appear to provide any important additional information about pressure-volume relationship in the normal human bladder than could be obtained at routine clinical cystometry
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| 9. |
- Arvidsson, D, et al.
(author)
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Splanchnic oxygen consumption in septic and hemorrhagic shock.
- 1991
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In: Surgery. - 0039-6060 .- 1532-7361. ; 109:2, s. 190-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Oxygen consumption (VO2) is dependent on oxygen delivery (DO2) in septic shock. Local hypoxia with later secondary organ failure may develop, however, despite an often hyperdynamic circulation. The splanchnic organs seem to be of vital importance in this context. In experiments performed in pigs we compared total body VO2 and DO2 with oxygen consumption and delivery in the gastrointestinal organs and the liver in two different shock states: (1) septic shock induced by peritonitis (n = 6) and (2) hemorrhagic shock (n = 6). Another group of six animals not in shock served as controls. Total, gastrointestinal, and liver DO2 decreased in a similar pattern in both septic and hemorrhagic shock. Gastrointestinal and liver VO2 increased in sepsis, whereas it was unchanged in hemorrhage. In the later phase of sepsis, liver VO2, but not gastrointestinal VO2, again decreased, because liver oxygen extraction was almost total and liver DO2 decreased further. The development of flow-dependent liver hypoxia was reflected in a decrease in liver lactate turnover (increased liver lactate release) during late sepsis. Early hypoxia in the splanchnic region is suggested as a plausible mechanism behind the development of secondary organ failure, especially in sepsis.
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