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| 2. |
- Fang, Evandro F., et al.
(author)
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A research agenda for ageing in China in the 21st century (2nd edition): Focusing on basic and translational research, long-term care, policy and social networks.
- 2020
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In: Ageing Research Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-1637. ; 64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One of the key issues facing public healthcare is the global trend of an increasingly ageing society which continues to present policy makers and caregivers with formidable healthcare and socio-economic challenges. Ageing is the primary contributor to a broad spectrum of chronic disorders all associated with a lower quality of life in the elderly. In 2019, the Chinese population constituted 18 % of the world population, with 164.5 million Chinese citizens aged 65 and above (65+), and 26 million aged 80 or above (80+). China has become an ageing society, and as it continues to age it will continue to exacerbate the burden borne by current family and public healthcare systems. Major healthcare challenges involved with caring for the elderly in China include the management of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs), physical frailty, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, with emerging challenges such as providing sufficient dental care, combating the rising prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among nursing home communities, providing support for increased incidences of immune diseases, and the growing necessity to provide palliative care for the elderly. At the governmental level, it is necessary to make long-term strategic plans to respond to the pressures of an ageing society, especially to establish a nationwide, affordable, annual health check system to facilitate early diagnosis and provide access to affordable treatments. China has begun work on several activities to address these issues including the recent completion of the of the Ten-year Health-Care Reform project, the implementation of the Healthy China 2030 Action Plan, and the opening of the National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders. There are also societal challenges, namely the shift from an extended family system in which the younger provide home care for their elderly family members, to the current trend in which young people are increasingly migrating towards major cities for work, increasing reliance on nursing homes to compensate, especially following the outcomes of the ‘one child policy’ and the ‘empty-nest elderly’ phenomenon. At the individual level, it is important to provide avenues for people to seek and improve their own knowledge of health and disease, to encourage them to seek medical check-ups to prevent/manage illness, and to find ways to promote modifiable health-related behaviors (social activity, exercise, healthy diets, reasonable diet supplements) to enable healthier, happier, longer, and more productive lives in the elderly. Finally, at the technological or treatment level, there is a focus on modern technologies to counteract the negative effects of ageing. Researchers are striving to produce drugs that can mimic the effects of ‘exercising more, eating less’, while other anti-ageing molecules from molecular gerontologists could help to improve ‘healthspan’ in the elderly. Machine learning, ‘Big Data’, and other novel technologies can also be used to monitor disease patterns at the population level and may be used to inform policy design in the future. Collectively, synergies across disciplines on policies, geriatric care, drug development, personal awareness, the use of big data, machine learning and personalized medicine will transform China into a country that enables the most for its elderly, maximizing and celebrating their longevity in the coming decades. This is the 2nd edition of the review paper (Fang EF et al., Ageing Re. Rev. 2015).
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| 3. |
- Liang, Lin, et al.
(author)
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Non-Interpenetrated Single-Crystal Covalent Organic Frameworks
- 2020
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In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 59:41, s. 17991-17995
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Growth of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as single crystals is extremely challenging. Inaccessibility of open-structured single-crystal COFs prevents the exploration of structure-oriented applications. Herein we report for the first time a non-interpenetrated single-crystal COF, LZU-306, which possesses the open structure constructed exclusively via covalent assembly. With a high void volume of 80 %, LZU-306 was applied to investigate the intrinsic dynamics of reticulated tetraphenylethylene (TPE) as the individual aggregation-induced-emission moiety. Solid-state(2)H NMR investigation has determined that the rotation of benzene rings in TPE, being the freest among the reported cases, is as fast as 1.0x10(4) Hz at 203 K to 1.5x10(7) Hz at 293 K. This research not only explores a new paradigm for single-crystal growth of open frameworks, but also provides a unique matrix-isolation platform to reticulate functional moieties into a well-defined and isolated state.
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| 4. |
- Wu, Han-Chun, et al.
(author)
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Transport Gap Opening and High On-Off Current Ratio in Trilayer Graphene with Self-Aligned Nanodomain Boundaries.
- 2015
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In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 9:9, s. 8967-8975
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Trilayer graphene exhibits exceptional electronic properties that are of interest both for fundamental science and for technological applications. The ability to achieve a high on-off current ratio is the central question in this field. Here, we propose a simple method to achieve a current on-off ratio of 10(4) by opening a transport gap in Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene. We synthesized Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene with self-aligned periodic nanodomain boundaries (NBs) on the technologically relevant vicinal cubic-SiC(001) substrate and performed electrical measurements. Our low-temperature transport measurements clearly demonstrate that the self-aligned periodic NBs can induce a charge transport gap greater than 1.3 eV. More remarkably, the transport gap of ∼0.4 eV persists even at 100 K. Our results show the feasibility of creating new electronic nanostructures with high on-off current ratios using graphene on cubic-SiC.
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| 5. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Observation of the decay psi(3686) -> Lambda(Sigma)over-bar(+/-) pi(-/+) + c.c
- 2013
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In: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 88:11, s. 112007-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using a sample of 1:06 X 10(8) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we present the first observation of the decays of psi(3686) -> Lambda(Sigma) over bar (+) pi(-) + c.c. and psi(3686) -> Lambda(Sigma) over bar (-) pi(+) + c.c. The branching fractions are measured to be B(psi(3686) -> Lambda(Sigma) over bar (+) pi(-) + c.c.) = (1.40 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.13) X 10(-4) and B(psi(3686) -> Lambda (Sigma) over bar (-) pi(+) + c.c.) = (1.54 +/- 0.04 +/- 0.13) X 10(-4) where the first errors are statistical and the second ones systematic.
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| 6. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Search for eta(c)(2S)h(c) -> p(p)over-bar decays and measurements of the chi(cJ) -> p(p)over-bar branching fractions
- 2013
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In: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 88:11, s. 112001-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using a sample of 1.06 x 10(8)psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, the decays eta(c)(2S) -> p (p) over bar and h(c) -> p (p) over bar are searched for, where eta(c)(2S) and h(c) are reconstructed in the decay chains psi(3686) -> gamma eta(c)(2S), eta(c)(2S) -> p (p) over bar and psi(3686) -> pi(0)h(c), h(c) -> p (p) over bar, respectively. No significant signals are observed. The upper limits of the product branching fractions are determined to be B(psi(3686) -> gamma eta(c)(2S)) x B(eta(c)(2S) -> p (p) over bar) < 1.4 x 10(-6) and B(psi(3686) -> pi(0)h(c)) x B(h(c) -> p<(p)over bar>) < 1.3 x 10(-7) at the 90% C.L.. The branching fractions for chi(cJ) -> p<(p)over bar> (J = 0, 1, 2) are also measured to be (24.5 +/- 0.8 +/- 1.3, 8.6 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.5, 8.4 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.5) x 10(-5), which are the world's most precise measurements.
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| 7. |
- Huffman, Mark D, et al.
(author)
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A cross-sectional study of the microeconomic impact of cardiovascular disease hospitalization in four low- and middle-income countries.
- 2011
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To estimate individual and household economic impact of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in selected low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).BACKGROUND: Empirical evidence on the microeconomic consequences of CVD in LMIC is scarce.METHODS AND FINDINGS: We surveyed 1,657 recently hospitalized CVD patients (66% male; mean age 55.8 years) from Argentina, China, India, and Tanzania to evaluate the microeconomic and functional/productivity impact of CVD hospitalization. Respondents were stratified into three income groups. Median out-of-pocket expenditures for CVD treatment over 15 month follow-up ranged from 354 international dollars (2007 INT$, Tanzania, low-income) to INT$2,917 (India, high-income). Catastrophic health spending (CHS) was present in >50% of respondents in China, India, and Tanzania. Distress financing (DF) and lost income were more common in low-income respondents. After adjustment, lack of health insurance was associated with CHS in Argentina (OR 4.73 [2.56, 8.76], India (OR 3.93 [2.23, 6.90], and Tanzania (OR 3.68 [1.86, 7.26] with a marginal association in China (OR 2.05 [0.82, 5.11]). These economic effects were accompanied by substantial decreases in individual functional health and productivity.CONCLUSIONS: Individuals in selected LMIC bear significant financial burdens following CVD hospitalization, yet with substantial variation across and within countries. Lack of insurance may drive much of the financial stress of CVD in LMIC patients and their families.
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| 9. |
- Iglesias-Gato, Diego, et al.
(author)
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OTUB1 de-ubiquitinating enzyme promotes prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo
- 2015
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In: Molecular Cancer. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1476-4598. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background:Ubiquitination is a highly dynamic and reversible process with a central role in cell homeostasis. Deregulation of several deubiquitinating enzymes has been linked to tumor development but their specific role in prostate cancer progression remains unexplored.Methods:RNAi screening was used to investigate the role of the ovarian tumor proteases (OTU) family of deubiquitinating enzymes on the proliferation and invasion capacity of prostate cancer cells. RhoA activity was measured in relation with OTUB1 effects on prostate cancer cell invasion. Tumor xenograft mouse model with stable OTUB1 knockdown was used to investigate OTUB1 influence in tumor growth.Results:Our RNAi screening identified OTUB1 as an important regulator of prostate cancer cell invasion through the modulation of RhoA activation. The effect of OTUB1 on RhoA activation is important for androgen-induced repression of p53 expression in prostate cancer cells. In localized prostate cancer tumors OTUB1 was found overexpressed as compared to normal prostatic epithelial cells. Prostate cancer xenografts expressing reduced levels of OTUB1 exhibit reduced tumor growth and reduced metastatic dissemination in vivo.Conclusions:OTUB1 mediates prostate cancer cell invasion through RhoA activation and promotes tumorigenesis in vivo. Our results suggest that drugs targeting the catalytic activity of OTUB1 could potentially be used as therapeutics for metastatic prostate cancer.
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| 10. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(author)
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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
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In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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