| 1. |
- Berg, Agneta, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Nurses' reflections about dementia care, the patients, the care and themselves in their daily caregiving
- 1998
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In: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 35:5, s. 271-282
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study the aim was, through interviews, to disclose 13 nurses personal knowledge about the patients, themselves, and care provision, using a phenomenological-hermeneutic analysing method. Caring for people with severe dementia meant an intertwined life world emanating from making and doing together and the delicate interpretative work that the care provision required. The intertwined life world consisted of the interaction between the nurses and the patients separate lives, their common life and the environment, culminating in mutual dependency. Making together signifies the relationship being based on the nurses knowledge and skills as nurses i.e. the task they had to perform. Doing together signifies the relationship being based on the oneness of the nurses and the patients with severe dementia as ordinary human beings. The delicate interpretation process required, to adapt care to the individual patient, was based on knowledge about the patients personality, life history and disease progression in combination with the nurses interpretation of the current situation. The nurses searched for meaning and that, in turn, meant that the patients inner world was determined by the nurses and thus the patient was seen as being in their hands. It seems important to further understand the human aspects of both the nurse and the patient and to examine this dynamic, ongoing, vulnerable interpretation process, critically, in order to achieve high quality nursing care for the patients with severe dementia, and an experience of well-being in nurses everyday working lives.
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| 2. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Self-Transcendence Scale among very old people
- 2015
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In: Journal of Nursing Measurement. - : Springer. - 1061-3749 .- 1945-7049. ; 23:1, s. 96-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study tested the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Self-Transcendence Scale (STS).METHODS: Cohen's weighted kappa, agreement, absolute reliability, relative reliability, and internal consistency were calculated, and the underlying structure of the STS was established by exploratory factor analysis. There were 2 samples available: 1 including 194 people aged 85-103 years and a convenience sample of 60 people aged 21-69 years.RESULTS: Weighted kappa values ranged from .40 to .89. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the original STS was .763, and the least significant change between repeated tests was 6.25 points.CONCLUSION: The revised STS was found to have satisfactory psychometric properties, and 2 of the 4 underlying dimensions in Reed's self-transcendence theory were supported.
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| 3. |
- Norberg, Astrid, 1939-, et al.
(author)
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Self-transcendence (ST) among very old people : its associations to social and medical factors and development over five years
- 2015
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In: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 61:2, s. 247-253
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to describe the associations between ST and psychological and physical wellbeing among oldest old people and to test the influence of negative life events on ST, and the predictive value of the self-transcendence scale (STS) for mortality.BACKGROUND: ST has been identified as a valuable resource for transcending psychological and physical suffering and has been related to psychological wellbeing and higher quality of life.DESIGN: The study design was correlational, prospective, and longitudinal.SETTINGS: The participants were recruited from a medium-sized town and from an adjacent rural area in northern Sweden.METHOD: The sample consisted of 190 participants (123 women and 67 men) who completed the STS. At a 5-year follow-up, 55 people (29.5%) were alive and able to complete the assessments again.RESULTS: ST was positively associated with psychological wellbeing, self-rated health, having someone to talk with and being able to go outdoors independently. Diagnoses of depression, dementia disease, and osteoporosis were associated with lower STS scores as were living in a residential care facility, and feeling lonely. There was a significant relationship between the index of negative life events and ST between baseline and follow-up. More negative life events were associated with a larger decline in STS scores over five years.CONCLUSION: ST is an important source for wellbeing among the oldest old, and the accumulation of negative life events might threaten the ability to transcend setbacks.
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| 4. |
- Norberg, Catharina, et al.
(author)
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Religious Orientation Among the Very Old
- 2012
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In: Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1552-8030 .- 1552-8049. ; 24:4, s. 314-324
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to test a shortened version of the Swedish Religious Orientation Scale's (SROS) appropriateness, feasibility, and ability to distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation among very old people. The participants (n = 43) were Lutheran believers aged ≥85 years. They scored high on both the intrinsic and extrinsic sub-scales and a cluster analysis revealed three clusters of items, one measuring intrinsic religious orientation and two measuring extrinsic religious orientation. The shortened version of the SROS appears appropriate for distinguishing between intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation among very old people.
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| 5. |
- Paulson, Margareta, et al.
(author)
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Nurses' and physicians' narratives about long-term non-malignant pain among men
- 1999
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 30:5, s. 1097-1105
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to illuminate the meaning of skilled nurses' and physicians' lived experiences in their encounters with men suffering from long-term, non-malignant pain of at least 6 month duration. Seventeen nurses and four physicians participated in the study. A phenomenological-hermeneutic method was used. In the narratives three themes, "needing to be manly", "struggling for relief from pain" and "needing human support" emerged. The phenomenon "confirmation" of the theme "struggling to be manly" means that nurses' and physicians' must have such a relationship with theese men that they really feel respected. Confirmation of the theme "struggling for relief from pain! means thar the care givers must convince these men that they really believe each unique individual's narratives. Confirmation of the theme "needing human support" means that nurses and physicians have to behave in such a way that these men are convinced that the caregivers really care about them. When the men felt confirmation they dared to disclose their pain experiences more honestly. This is a preliminary prerequisite for nurses' and physicians' potential to help these men.
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| 6. |
- Aléx, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Balancing within various discourses--the art of being old and living as a Sami woman.
- 2006
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In: Health Care for Women International. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0739-9332 .- 1096-4665. ; 27:10, s. 873-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this part of the Umeå 85+ Study was to explore how indigenous women narrate their lives and their experience of being old as Sami women. Interviews with 9 old Sami women were analyzed using grounded theory. The categories identified were "reindeer as the basis of life," "longing for significant Sami values," "feeling valued as a Sami woman," and "changing for survival;" these evolved into the core category: "balancing within various discourses-the art of being old and living as a Sami woman." Knowing how to balance provided the ability to make use of available opportunities.
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| 7. |
- Aléx, Lena, 1948-, et al.
(author)
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Construction of masculinities among men aged 85 and older in the north of Sweden.
- 2008
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 17:4, s. 451-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The aim was to analyse the construction of masculinities among men aged 85 and older. BACKGROUND: All societies have a gender order, constructed from multiple ideas of what is seen as feminine and masculine. As the group of men aged 85 and older is increasing in size and their demand for care will increase, we must recognize the importance of studying these men and various discourses of masculinities. DESIGN: Qualitative explorative. METHODS: Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse thematic narratives. Masculinity theories provided the point of departure for the analysis. RESULTS: The analysis coalesced into three masculinities. 'Being in the male centre', developed from subthemes as: taking pride in one's work and economic situation; being in the centre in relation to others; regarding women as sexual objects; and belonging to a select group. 'Striving to maintain the male facade' developed from subthemes as: emphasizing 'important' connections; having feelings of loss; striving to maintain old norms and rejecting the fact of being old. 'Being related' was formulated from subthemes as: feeling at home with domestic duties; being concerned; accepting one's own aging; and reflecting on life. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates the importance of being aware of the existence of multiple masculinities, in contrast to the generally unproblematic and unsubtle particular healthcare approaches which consider men as simply belonging to one masculinity. Relevance to clinical practice. Diverse masculinities probably affect encounters between men and healthcare providers and others who work with an older population and therefore our results are of importance in a caring context.
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| 8. |
- Aléx, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Constructions of various femininities among the oldest old women.
- 2006
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In: Health Care for Women International. - Washington, D.C. : Informa UK Limited. - 0739-9332 .- 1096-4665. ; 27:10, s. 853-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study forms part of the Umeå 85+ Study, and the aim was to explore various gendered constructions of femininities among the oldest old women. Femininities are seen as various ways of shaping oneself as a woman in relation to the impact of historical, social, and cultural circumstances. Thematic narratives were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Through interpreting these narratives in the light of gender theories, we were able to discern four femininities: "being connected," "being an actor," "living in the shadow of others," and "being alienated." The oldest old women displayed complex outlooks on femininities, and no femininity was interpreted as being in the center related to the other femininities. Further research is needed in order to disclose the complexity of femininities related to factors such as social class, ethnicity, and financial situation among the oldest old, and to acquire a greater knowledge of various femininities.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Edith, et al.
(author)
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Acute confusional episodes in elderly orthopaedic patients: the patients' actions and speech.
- 2002
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In: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - 1873-491X. ; 39:3, s. 303-317
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to illuminate the pattern of confusional episodes with regard to the content of elderly patients' actions and speech. Fifty-one (11.2%) out of 457 people admitted to an orthopaedic clinic developed acute confusional state. Non-participant direct observations and daily clinical bedside follow-up observations were made during the confusional episodes, focusing on the patients' speech, actions and reactions with reference to situation, the surroundings, and the nurses' actions, including their verbal communication with the patient. The texts were analysed using manifest and latent content analysis and revealed disturbances in motor activity, speech and mood. 'Struggling to understand and to gain control when in a state of confusion and viewing oneself as being confused' was the main theme illuminated in the texts. In the struggle to achieve understanding and take control over themselves and what was currently taking place, the patients used a variety of strategies. They attempted to find clarity, to make a sensible story out of the present and to impute meaning to the present by using their life story. The findings indicated that the patients had a drive to achieve control when they were confused and that they were both aware and unaware of their state and tended to oscillate between being in a confused state and viewing their confusion from an outside perspective. The findings indicated that possibly the best approach is to support their inner drive to gain control. This means moving between confirmation of their emotional state and their perceptions and trying to introduce 'reality' when they realize their state of confusion. Thus the nurse--patient relationship perhaps needs to hold a balance between confirmation and introducing in reality.
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| 10. |
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