| 1. |
- Kharbush, Jenan J., et al.
(author)
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Particulate Organic Carbon Deconstructed : Molecular and Chemical Composition of Particulate Organic Carbon in the Ocean
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-7745. ; 7
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The dynamics of the particulate organic carbon (POC) pool in the ocean are central to the marine carbon cycle. POC is the link between surface primary production, the deep ocean, and sediments. The rate at which POC is degraded in the dark ocean can impact atmospheric CO2 concentration. Therefore, a central focus of marine organic geochemistry studies is to improve our understanding of POC distribution, composition, and cycling. The last few decades have seen improvements in analytical techniques that have greatly expanded what we can measure, both in terms of organic compound structural diversity and isotopic composition, and complementary molecular omics studies. Here we provide a brief overview of the autochthonous, allochthonous, and anthropogenic components comprising POC in the ocean. In addition, we highlight key needs for future research that will enable us to more effectively connect diverse data sources and link the identity and structural diversity of POC to its sources and transformation processes.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Marković, Rastko S., et al.
(author)
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Aeolian dynamics at the northern edge of Deliblato (Banat) Sand Sea, Vojvodina, Serbia, at the time of the last deglaciation
- 2024
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In: Quaternary Research (United States). - 0033-5894.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Deliblato (Banat) Sand Sea, which is one of the largest areas of aeolian sand in Europe, is located near the Iron Gate, which marks the crossing of the Danube River through the biggest gorge of this river. Here, Danubian alluvium has served as the sand source for the Banat Sand Sea, which was formed primarily through southeasterly (Košava) winds. Utilizing a multi-proxy approach, the objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of the environmental dynamics of the Banat Sand Sea. To achieve this goal, we conducted an analysis of an archive representing an approximately 20-m-thick dune formation on the northern edge of this dune field. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, we calculated aeolian sedimentation rates and dune ages. Sand was deposited here approximately between 17 ka and 13 ka. Magnetic susceptibility, grain size, and colorimetric analyses were interpreted in terms of local paleoenvironmental conditions. Calculated sedimentation rates (SR) indicate intensive aeolian deposition during the study period that range from 483 cm/ka to 502 cm/ka. We compared our data with regional and other European archives, as well as with climatic variations recorded in the Greenland ice core North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP).
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Markovic, Slobodan B., et al.
(author)
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Geomorphological evolution of the Petrovaradin Fortress Palaeolithic site (Novi Sad, Serbia)
- 2021
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In: Quaternary Research. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-5894 .- 1096-0287. ; 103, s. 21-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two phases of archaeological investigation were performed in the Novi Sad City Museum at Petrovaradin Fortress. In this study, we summarize the results of geo-archaeological investigations of the second period of excavation inside the Novi Sad City Museum building. The fortress is situated on a Danube terrace with the top of the bedrock at ca.123 m asl. The investigated section consists of undisturbed fine-sandy silt. The grain-size distribution of the sediments indicates clearly its alluvial reworking but shows also a general similarity with typical primary loess in the region. All analyzed proxies indicate slightly stronger weathering in the upper part of the profile. Luminescence ages suggest that the investigated sequence covers the last glacial period and the terrace presumably formed during MIS 4. Subsequently, the Danube started its incision at the start of the next warmer period (MIS 3) onward. This terrace age and elevation enable us to derive an uplift rate of the terrace of ca. 0.73 mm/a for the last 60 ka, which seems to increase towards the present. Basal loessic material, in which artifacts occur, likely in the reworked position, indicate that the area close to today's Petrovaradin Fortress was already inhabited in MIS 5.
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| 7. |
- Marković, Slobodan B., et al.
(author)
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The relationship between the loess stratigraphy in the Vojvodina region of northern Serbia and the Saalian and Rissian Stage glaciations – a review
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In: Boreas. - 0300-9483.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The regional loess stratigraphy in the Vojvodina region, in the southeastern Carpathian Basin, has often been successfully correlated to the global palaeoclimate. This is a quasi-continuous sedimentary record that provides detailed environmental reconstruction during the last four glacial/interglacial cycles. In this study, we present a standardized loess stratigraphy and illustrate how it correlates with the marine oxygen isotope and Chinese loess stratigraphical records. We argue that the loess stratigraphy in Vojvodina region is an important link in the integration of European terrestrial stratigraphical schemes and the deep-sea stratigraphical model. We highlight how the loess record can better illustrate terrestrial environmental change through multiple glacial cycles than other records, such as glacial records. The investigated loess record enables direct links to be made between the loess sediments and their glacial sources. This reveals evidence of glaciations during every glacial cycle of the Saalian Stage complex, equivalent to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 10, 8 and 6. Therefore, Serbian loess has the potential to provide a direct link between terrestrial glaciations and wider records of global climate change, which is an enigma for many other continental records. These loess records display a strong relationship with the intensity of European glaciations during different glacial cycles. Loess sedimentation rates are highest in the most intensive European glaciation of the Saalian complex (MIS 6) and much lower during the weaker ‘missing’ glaciations equivalent to MIS 8 and 10. A key observation from the Vojvodina loess is the gradual increase in interglacial aridity through the late Middle Pleistocene. The explanation for the progressively increasing aridity in the investigated region at this time is still unclear. However, this trend is consistent with the idea of the Saalian complex as representing a 400 ka mega glacial cycle modulated by shorter classic 100 ka glacial cycles.
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| 8. |
- Obreht, Igor, et al.
(author)
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Shift of large-scale atmospheric systems over Europe during late MIS 3 and implications for Modern Human dispersal
- 2017
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Understanding the past dynamics of large-scale atmospheric systems is crucial for our knowledge of the palaeoclimate conditions in Europe. Southeastern Europe currently lies at the border between Atlantic, Mediterranean, and continental climate zones. Past changes in the relative influence of associated atmospheric systems must have been recorded in the region’s palaeoarchives. By comparing high-resolution grain-size, environmental magnetic and geochemical data from two loess-palaeosol sequences in the Lower Danube Basin with other Eurasian palaeorecords, we reconstructed past climatic patterns over Southeastern Europe and the related interaction of the prevailing large-scale circulation modes over Europe, especially during late Marine Isotope Stage 3 (40,000–27,000 years ago). We demonstrate that during this time interval, the intensification of the Siberian High had a crucial influence on European climate causing the more continental conditions over major parts of Europe, and a southwards shift of the Westerlies. Such a climatic and environmental change, combined with the Campanian Ignimbrite/Y-5 volcanic eruption, may have driven the Anatomically Modern Human dispersal towards Central and Western Europe, pointing to a corridor over the Eastern European Plain as an important pathway in their dispersal.
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| 9. |
- Perić, Zoran M., et al.
(author)
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Dataset of dust mass accumulation rates for the loess-palaeosol sequences from the Carpathian Basin
- 2022
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In: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 44
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, a dataset of age-depth modelling data, sedimentation rates and dust mass accumulation rates (MAR) from four loess-palaeosol sequences from the Carpathian Basin is presented. The dataset is related to the article “Detailed luminescence dating of dust mass accumulation rates over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles from the Irig loess-palaeosol sequence, Carpathian Basin”, published in the journal Global and Planetary Change by Perić et al. [1]. In the dataset, luminescence ages from the loess sites Irig, Nosak, Stari Slankamen and Crvenka were modeled using the r.bacon software after which the dust mass accumulation rates were calculated. For a more realistic representation the MARs were subsequently smoothed using the SigmaPlot software. For all sites, minimum, maximum, median and mean values for the modelled ages and accumulation rates are calculated and presented.
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| 10. |
- Perić, Zoran M., et al.
(author)
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Detailed luminescence dating of dust mass accumulation rates over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles from the Irig loess-palaeosol sequence, Carpathian Basin
- 2022
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In: Global and Planetary Change. - : Elsevier. - 0921-8181 .- 1872-6364. ; 215
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mineral dust records distant from dust sources are crucial in establishing wider atmospheric dust loads in the past. However, detailed, independent chronologies for loess-palaeosol sequences distant from local dust sources are still rare in Europe. In this study we present a high-resolution OSL and pIRIR(290) chronology and multi-proxy investigation of the Irig loess-palaeosol sequence (LPS), Vojvodina, Serbia. Our results show that 4-11 mu m quartz is a reliable dosimeter only up to similar to 59 ka (179 Gy), after which the OSL ages underestimate the expected ages based on stratigraphy. The pIRIR 290 signal displays generally good luminescence behaviour and resultant ages show good agreement with the expected stratigraphic ages, although with apparent 15 kyr and 35 kyr age underestimations at the L2-52 and 52-L3 boundaries, respectively. The calculated dust mass accumulation rates (MAR) reveal large fluctuations during the last two glacial-interglacial cycles. During the penultimate glacial, the highest MARs were observed between 171 and 181 ka, subsequently decreasing rapidly during MIS 5. During the last glacial period, dust MARs display maximum values during MIS 2 and MIS 4, while the lowest dust input was observed during the Holocene, followed by MIS 3. Dust MAR and grain-size shifts appear to lead changes in magnetic susceptibility by several kyr. Our results imply that changes in dust availability and wind dynamics occurred prior to changes in climate-controlled soil moisture conditions at the Irig LPS. Moreover, our results reveal a close coupling of the dust MAR and grain-size variations during the Mid-Late Pleistocene. These patterns suggest that the Irig site is likely representative of regional dust dynamics, which separates it from more source proximal loess sites, such as those close to major rivers, which are likely more affected by local dust availability and river discharge.
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