| 1. |
- Olsson, Bob, 1969, et al.
(author)
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CSF and blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- 2016
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In: The Lancet. Neurology. - 1474-4465. ; 15:7, s. 673-684
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease biomarkers are important for early diagnosis in routine clinical practice and research. Three core CSF biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (Aβ42, T-tau, and P-tau) have been assessed in numerous studies, and several other Alzheimer's disease markers are emerging in the literature. However, there have been no comprehensive meta-analyses of their diagnostic performance. We systematically reviewed the literature for 15 biomarkers in both CSF and blood to assess which of these were most altered in Alzheimer's disease.
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| 2. |
- Abrahamsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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The role of purchasing groups in retail logistics
- 2012. - 1
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In: Nordic retail research. - Göteborg : Bokförlaget BAS. - 9789172463110 ; , s. 155-172
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This book aims to provide an illustration of the diversity that characterises contemporary Nordic research in the field of retail. The book draws on a large variety of methods, describes a variety of retail sectors and covers a large number of retail phenomena. The book is suitable for researchers, graduate students and professionals who want to learn more about contemporary retailing research
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| 3. |
- Carlsen Misic, Martina, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Clonidine as analgesia during retinopathy of prematurity screening in preterm infants (cloROP) : protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- 2022
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 12:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction Preterm infants are at risk of negative consequences from stress and pain at the same time as they often are in need of intensive care that includes painful interventions. One of the frequent painful procedures preterm infants undergo is eye examination screening to detect early signs of ROP (retinopathy of prematurity). These examinations are both stressful and painful, and despite a multitude of research studies, no conclusive pain-relieving treatment has been demonstrated. The main aim of this trial is to investigate the analgesic effect of clonidine during ROP eye examinations.Methods and analysis The planned study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial with a crossover design. Infants will be recruited from two different neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Sweden. Infants born before gestation week 30 (and therefore eligible for ROP screening) and cared for in either of the NICUs will be eligible for inclusion in the study. The primary outcome will be Premature Infant Pain Profile–Revised score within 30 s after starting the examination. Secondary outcomes will be changes in the galvanic skin response parameters (area small peaks, area huge peaks, peaks per second and average rise time) within 30 s after starting the eye examination, together with the number and evaluation of adverse events reported within 72 hours after the examination and the examining physician’s assessment of how easy the infant was to examine.Ethics and dissemination Approval from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority and the Swedish Medical Products Agency has been obtained for the study. Parents of eligible infants will be getting both verbal and written information about the study including that participation is voluntary. Data will be collected and treated in accordance with the European general data protection regulations. The results will be reported on group level and published in a scientific journal.
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| 4. |
- Carlsen Misic, Martina, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Clonidine as analgesia during retinopathy of prematurity screening in preterm infants -cloROP
- 2024
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundPreterm infants are vulnerable and sensitive to stimuli, during their stay in neonatal intensive care they undergo frequent stressful and painful procedures. One of these painful procedures is the screening for retinopathy of prematurity, ROP. In Sweden all preterm infants born before gestation week 30 undergo ROP-screening. The screening involves regular eye examinations to detect ROP at the early stages and these examinations are both stressful and painful. Several studies have investigated different ways of pain management during eye examinations with inconsequent results. No study has investigated Clonidine as pain management during ROP-screening. AimThe aim of this clinical trial is to investigate the analgesic effect of clonidine during ROP eyeexaminations.MethodThis study is a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial with a crossover design. Infants born before gestation week 30 and therefore undergoing ROP-screening, will be eligible for inclusion in the study. Infants will be recruited from two Swedish NICUs (neonatal intensive care units). The NICUs use different examination techniques, where NICU A uses indirect ophthalmoscopy while NICU B uses RetCam. A total of 50 infants will be recruited (25 at each NICU). During the first eye examination the infant will be randomized to either clonidine 4mcg/kg or sterile water in the equivalent dose 60 minutes before the eye examination. The order of the treatment is blinded for everyone except the nurse preparing the study solution. During the second eye examination the infant will receive the study solution, (intervention or placebo) that he/she did not receive the first time. The primary outcome of the study is pain assessment with the Premature Infant Pain Profile – Revised. The infants´ face and monitor showing oxygen saturation and heart rate will be videorecorded to be able to assess the pain afterwards. The secondary outcome is Galvanic Skin Response where three probes are attached to the infant’s foot sole to register changes in the sweat gland activity in response to stimuli such as pain or stress. The ophthalmologist performing the eye examination will also rate how easy it was to examine the infant by marking an X on a 10cm VAS scale with “very easy to examine” on one end and “very difficult to examine” on the other end. Data collection is ongoing with 19 infants included at the moment.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Etikan, M. Kaan, et al.
(author)
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Experimental and numerical analyses of crushing resistance of unbound road materials
- 2024
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In: The international journal of pavement engineering. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1029-8436 .- 1477-268X. ; 25:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aggregate breakage in unbound pavement layers can lead to pavement distresses that affect their functionality and service life. Thus understanding the mechanics and clarifying the factors affecting materials breakage resistance are important for ensuring adequate performance of these layers. In this study, aggregate breakage in unbound granular materials (UGM) is investigated experimentally and numerically. Experimentally, aggregate breakage under uniaxial compression is examined for two UGMs prepared with the same aggregate type but different gradations. To capture the experimentally observed influence of gradation and load magnitude on aggregate breakage, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) model was developed, based on granular mechanics particle contact and failure laws. A simple procedure to identify the contact and failure law parameters from experiments is proposed. With those parameters, the model’s capability of capturing the effect of gradation and loading on the aggregate breakage in UGM is evaluated. Based on comparison with experimental findings, it is shown that the model can capture macro-scale properties of UGM, such as its deformation response under uniaxial compression, as well as the amount of aggregate breakage in the material.
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| 7. |
- Femel, Julia, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Therapeutic vaccination against fibronectin ED-A attenuates progression of metastatic breast cancer.
- 2014
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In: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 5:23, s. 12418-12427
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Therapeutic vaccination targeting self-molecules is an attractive alternative to monoclonal antibody-based therapies for cancer and various inflammatory diseases. However, development of cancer vaccines targeting self-molecules has proven difficult. One complicating factor is that tumor cells have developed strategies to escape recognition by the immune system. Antigens specifically expressed by the tumor vasculature can therefore provide alternative targets. The alternatively spliced extra domain-A and B (ED-A and ED-B) of fibronectin are expressed during vasculogenesis in the embryo, but essentially undetectable under normal conditions in the adult. However, these domains are re-expressed during tumor angiogenesis and matrix remodeling, which renders them highly interesting for targeted cancer therapies. Using the MMTV-PyMT transgenic model of metastatic mammary carcinoma, we show that tumor burden can be significantly decreased by immunization against ED-A in a therapeutic setting. Furthermore, we found that in mice carrying anti-ED-A antibodies the number of metastases was reduced. ED-A immunization increased infiltration of macrophages and compromised tumor blood vessel function. These findings implicate an attack of the tumor vasculature by the immune system, through a polyclonal antibody response. We conclude that tumor vascular antigens are promising candidates for development of therapeutic vaccines targeting growth of primary tumors as well as disseminated disease.
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| 8. |
- Goswami, Manish, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Development of Escherichia coli-based gene expression profiling of sewage sludge leachates
- 2018
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In: Journal of Applied Microbiology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1364-5072 .- 1365-2672. ; 125:5, s. 1502-1517
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: The impact of municipal waste on pathogenic microorganisms released into the environment is a public health concern. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of sewage sludge and antibiotic contaminants on stress response, virulence and antibiotic resistance in a pathogenic Escherichia coli.METHODS AND RESULTS: The effects of sewage sludge leachates on uropathogenic E. coli CFT073 were determined by monitoring the expression of 45 genes associated with antibiotic/metal resistance, stress response and virulence using RT-qPCR. The E. coli gene expression was validated using sub-inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. E. coli exposed to sewage sludge or sewage sludge-fly ash leachates altered the expression of 5 antibiotic and metal resistance, 3 stress response and 2 virulence associated genes. When antibiotics were combined with sludge or sludge-fly ash the antibiotic-associated gene expression was altered.CONCLUSIONS: E. coli treated with two sludge leachates had distinct gene expression patterns that were altered when the sludge leachates were combined with tetracycline, although to a lesser extent with ciprofloxacin.SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: The E. coli multigene expression analysis is a potential new tool for assessing the effects of pollutants on pathogenic microbes in environmental waters for improved risk assessment.
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| 9. |
- Gupta, Priyank, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of the Constitutive Behavior of a Cathode ActiveLayer in Lithium-Ion Batteries Using a Bending Test Method
- 2020
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In: Experimental mechanics. - : Springer. - 0014-4851 .- 1741-2765. ; 60, s. 847-860
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Presently used experimental techniques for the characterization of tensile and compressive behavior of active layers in lithiumionbatteries have limitations of different kinds. This is particularly true for measurements of compressive properties.Furthermore, the characterizations of time-dependent stress-strain behavior are largely missing. In order to characterize thestress-strain relationship for a dry cathode active layer in lithium-ion batteries, a mechanical testing method is presented thatpreviously has been applied to the testing of optical fibers. The method is based on U-shaped bending of single-side coatedaluminum foils, which enables separate measurements of tensile and compressive properties. In particular, the method has clearadvantages for measurements of compressive properties in comparison to previously reported techniques. Relaxation experimentsare also conducted in order to characterize the time-dependent properties of the dry active layer and to check if these effectscould explain the measured hysteresis. It is found that the elastic modulus in compression is significantly larger than the elasticmodulus in tension and that the compressive modulus increases with strain level. Contrary, the tensile modulus is approximatelyindependent of strain. Furthermore, hysteresis effects are present at loading-unloading measurements, both for tension andcompression. The low values of the measured elastic moduli show that the electrode properties are largely controlled by thebinder and carbon additives. It is concluded that the development of particle-particle contacts most likely is the reason for thehigher modulus in compression in comparison to tension. The time-dependent effects are significant, primarily for shorter timescales, which explains the relaxation behavior, but they cannot fully explain the hysteresis effects. Most likely non-linear micromechanismsdo contribute as well.
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, David, et al.
(author)
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A simplified approach for simulation of shear cutting
- 2023
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Shear cutting, such as punching and trimming, of sheet metals is a widely used process in the automotive and heavy-duty vehicle industry due to low running costs and low cycle times. It's known that the edge properties obtained from this process has an impact both on formability and fatigue resistance of the formed part. The purpose of this contribution is to present a novel methodology for simulation of shear cutting processes taking a simplistic and phenomenological approach, resulting in an industry feasible simulation setup, simulation time and experimental workload. The task of simulating shear cutting processes includes high nonlinearities, large deformations, and crack propagation. A common approach is to use extensive material characterization to feed a material model including failure. Several specimen geometries are investigated to capture different stress states, resulting in a test and simulation matrix that could be overwhelming for industrial users. In this work it was investigated if a single tensile test and a punching test could be used for calibration of a material model including plastic flow and failure. Three different high strength materials were investigated using different cutting clearances and sheet thicknesses, one aluminium alloy and two complex phase steels. Characterization of the resulting cut edges were used for validation of the simulation results. It is shown that good agreement between simulation and experiments is achieved in terms of punch force and displacement. The main characteristics of the cut edge is also captured. Hence, using this simplified approach for simulation of shear cutting processes could reduce time to market and development cost for implementation of new materials by providing information about the process effects to a minimum of simulation and experimental effort.
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