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- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Conditions for Transformative Learning for Sustainable Development : A Theoretical Review and Approach
- 2018
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 10:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Continued unsustainability and surpassed planetary boundaries require not only scientific and technological advances, but deep and enduring social and cultural changes. The purpose of this article is to contribute a theoretical approach to understand conditions and constraints for societal change towards sustainable development. In order to break with unsustainable norms, habits, practices, and structures, there is a need for learning for transformation, not only adaption. Based on a critical literature review within the field of learning for sustainable development, our approach is a development of the concept of transformative learning, by integrating three additional dimensions—Institutional Structures, Social Practices, and Conflict Perspectives. This approach acknowledges conflicts on macro, meso, and micro levels, as well as structural and cultural constraints. It contends that transformative learning is processual, interactional, long-term, and cumbersome. It takes place within existing institutions and social practices, while also transcending them. The article adopts an interdisciplinary social science perspective that acknowledges the importance of transformative learning in order for communities, organizations, and individuals to be able to deal with global sustainability problems, acknowledging the societal and personal conflicts involved in such transformation.
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- de Peppo, Giuseppe Maria, 1981, et al.
(author)
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Osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells to well-defined nanoscale topography in vitro
- 2014
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In: International journal of nanomedicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1176-9114 .- 1178-2013. ; 9:1, s. 2499-2515
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Patterning medical devices at the nanoscale level enables the manipulation of cell behavior and tissue regeneration, with topographic features recognized as playing a significant role in the osseointegration of implantable devices. Methods: In this study, we assessed the ability of titanium-coated hemisphere-like topographic nanostructures of different sizes (approximately 50, 100, and 200 nm) to influence the morphology, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Results: We found that the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was influenced by the size of the underlying structures, suggesting that size variations in topographic features at the nanoscale level, independently of chemistry, can be exploited to control hMSC behavior in a size-dependent fashion. Conclusion: Our studies demonstrate that colloidal lithography, in combination with coating technologies, can be exploited to investigate the cell response to well defined nanoscale topography and to develop next-generation surfaces that guide tissue regeneration and promote implant integration.
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- Walser, Marion, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Local overexpression of GH and GH/IGF1 effects in the adult mouse hippocampus.
- 2012
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In: The Journal of endocrinology. - 1479-6805. ; 215:2, s. 257-68
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- GH therapy improves hippocampal functions mainly via circulating IGF1. However, the roles of local GH and IGF1 expression are not well understood. We investigated whether transgenic (TG) overexpression in the adult brain of bovine GH (bGH) under the control of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter affected cellular proliferation and the expression of transcripts known to be induced by systemic GH in the hippocampus. Cellular proliferation was examined by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine immunohistochemistry. Quantitative PCR and western blots were performed. Although robustly expressed, bGH-Tg did not increase either cell proliferation or survival. However, bGH-Tg modestly increased Igf1 and Gfap mRNAs, whereas other GH-associated transcripts were unaffected, i.e. the GH receptor (Ghr), IGF1 receptor (Igf1r), 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (Cnp), ionotropic glutamate receptor 2a (Nr2a (Grin2a)), opioid receptor delta (Dor), synapse-associated protein 90/postsynaptic density-95-associated protein (Sapap2 (Dlgap2)), haemoglobin beta (Hbb) and glutamine synthetase (Gs (Glul)). However, IGF1R was correlated with the expression of Dor, Nr2a, Sapap2, Gs and Gfap. In summary, although local bGH expression was robust, it activated local IGF1 very modestly, which is probably the reason for the low response of previous GH-associated response parameters. This would, in turn, indicate that hippocampal GH is less important than endocrine GH. However, as most transcripts were correlated with the expression of IGF1R, there is still a possibility for endogenous circulating or local GH to act via IGF1R signalling. Possible reasons for the relative bio-inactivity of bGH include the bell-shaped dose-response curve and cell-specific expression of bGH.
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