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Search: WFRF:(Pae T.)

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1.
  • Pirozhkov, A. S., et al. (author)
  • Diagnostic of laser contrast using target reflectivity
  • 2009
  • In: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 94:24
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Using three different laser systems, we demonstrate a convenient and simple plasma based diagnostic of the contrast of high-power short-pulse lasers. The technique is based on measuring the specular reflectivity from a solid target. The reflectivity remains high even at relativistic intensities above 10(19) W/cm(2) in the case of a high-contrast prepulse-free laser. On the contrary, the specular reflectivity drops with increasing intensities in the case of systems with insufficient contrast due to beam breakup and increased absorption caused by preplasma.
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2.
  • Pärn, J., et al. (author)
  • Nitrogen-rich organic soils under warm well-drained conditions are global nitrous oxide emission hotspots
  • 2018
  • In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1, s. 1-8
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas and the main driver of stratospheric ozone depletion. Since soils are the largest source of N2O, predicting soil response to changes in climate or land use is central to understanding and managing N2O. Here we find that N2O flux can be predicted by models incorporating soil nitrate concentration (NO3 -), water content and temperature using a global field survey of N2O emissions and potential driving factors across a wide range of organic soils. N2O emissions increase with NO3 - and follow a bell-shaped distribution with water content. Combining the two functions explains 72% of N2O emission from all organic soils. Above 5 mg NO3 --N kg-1, either draining wet soils or irrigating well-drained soils increases N2O emission by orders of magnitude. As soil temperature together with NO3 - explains 69% of N2O emission, tropical wetlands should be a priority for N2O management.
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