| 1. |
- Badr, Hussein O., et al.
(author)
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Bottom-up, scalable synthesis of anatase nanofilament-based two-dimensional titanium carbo-oxide flakes
- 2022
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In: Materials Today. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1369-7021 .- 1873-4103. ; 54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer advantages that their 3D counterparts do not. The conventional method for the bulk synthesis of 2D materials has predominantly been through etching layered solids. Herein, we convert - through a bottom-up approach - 10 binary and ternary titanium carbides, nitrides, borides, phosphides, and silicides into 2D flakes by immersing them in a tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution at temperatures in the 25-85 degrees C range. Based on X-ray diffraction, density functional theory, X-ray photoelectron, electron energy loss, Raman, X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopies, transmission and scanning electron microscope images and selected area diffraction, we conclude that the resulting flakes are carbon containing anatase-based layers that are, in turn, comprised of approximate to 6 x 10 angstrom(2) nanofilaments in cross-section some of which are few microns long. Electrodes made from some of these films performed well in lithium-ion and lithium-sulphur systems. These materials also reduce the viability of cancer cells thus showing potential in biomedical applications. Synthesizing 2D materials, at near ambient conditions, with non-layered, inexpensive, green precursors (e.g., TiC) is paradigm shifting and will undoubtedly open new and exciting avenues of research and applications.
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| 2. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 3. |
- Dozza, Marco, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Naturalistic micromobility data: opportunities and threats
- 2024
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Micromobility data are increasingly available and promise to support not only researchers but also policymakers and authorities in best integrating micromobility into the transport system. When micromobility data are collected in the wild by road users attending to their daily routines, these data bring unprecedented insights into the behavior of micromobility road users and their interaction with other road users and infrastructure. Although GPS data is the most widely available micromobility data, electrified vehicles (e.g., e-bikes and e-scooters) often include sophisticated sensors such as inertial measurement units and cameras. New advances in technology make it possible to analyze video data with artificial eyes and leverage artificial intelligence to model and analyze vehicle dynamics and user behavior, complementing GPS with information crucial for understanding micromobility safety, efficiency, and acceptance. Within the MicroVision and e-SAFER projects, naturalistic data from e-scooter rental services have been used to investigate crash causation and model rider behavior to improve advanced driving assistance systems, support automated driving functions, and inform Euro NCAP protocols. These projects unveiled the peculiarities and prevalence of leisure riding on e-scooters and created some of the basis for sharing micromobility data and open behavioral models. If shared, the data and models from e-SAFER may serve new analyses and promote new countermeasures based on education, policymaking, and infrastructure design. However, data sharing is a double-edged sword where issues such as ethics, privacy, and security need to find a compromise with commercial interests, while the integrity of the data and analysis results must be warranted.
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| 4. |
- Pai, Rahul Rajendra, et al.
(author)
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Design and development of an automatic dry waste segregator for household and institutional wastes
- 2022
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In: Materials Today: Proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-7853. ; 52, s. 1048-1054
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The rise in urban waste generation in India comes from the consumerist behaviour and the ever-increasing population density in the cities. A vast majority of this collected waste is dumped into landfills. The rural situation is somewhat akin except for the amount of waste generated is less and the traditionally informal method for waste recovery and reuse have been implemented for a long time. So, to scale down the perplexity and minimize the human effort, an enticing idea of a cost-effective 'Automatic waste segregator' has been conceptualized for segregation of waste. The automatic waste segregator is designed to be installed in housing colonies and organisations like schools and facilitates efficient sorting of dry wastes into three separate categories namely: ferromagnetic metals, paper and plastic. A shredder is used to mince the lump to the required size while a magnetic drum is implemented for removing ferromagnetic metals from the pile. A plastic and paper separating unit is designed and developed based on the thermal principle. Various explicit dynamics investigations have been carried out by means of a finite element tool to analyse the total deformation of components and transient thermal analysis in order to understand the temperature variation. The prototype segregates household and institutional wastes with an average overall efficiency of 86.78% and 91.82% respectively.
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