| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Chowdhury, Subeh, et al.
(författare)
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Formation of Fear and Adaptive Behavior in Young Ethnic Minority Women Riding Public Transport
- 2023
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Record. - : Sage Publications. - 0361-1981 .- 2169-4052. ; , s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- oung ethnic minority women face unique challenges when riding public transport. The present study contributes by providing a narrative-based examination of young ethnic minority women’s formation of fear and adaptive behavior when using public transport. Twenty-nine ethnic minority women, under the age of 30, participated in a semi-structured interview inAuckland, New Zealand. Findings show that adaptive behavior commonly includes pre-planning nighttime trips, relying ontheir phones to act confident and engage in communication with family en-route, and appearing disinterested to reduceunwanted attention. These measures are expressions of women’s agency and their capacity to prevent victimization and manage fear, particularly in places where they feel unsafe, such as empty stations and dark or enclosed environments. Their livedexperiences highlight the level of anxiety they experience on a regular basis. Participants discussed how they are acutelyaware of their ethnicity (and appearance) when using public transport at all times of the day. They remain near exits and areconstantly on high alert. They also discussed how, from an early age, women are educated in a culture of ‘‘stranger-danger’’which in the long term erodes their confidence to travel independently and safely. These findings show that the currentdesign of public transport systems does not adequately meet the travel needs of certain groups of women. Public transportauthorities are encouraged to gain deeper insights into these issues and develop design strategies which promoteinclusiveness
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