| 1. |
- Akinbomi, J G, et al.
(author)
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Current challenges of high-solid anaerobic digestion and possible measures for its effective applications : a review
- 2022
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In: Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts. - : Springer Nature. - 2731-3654. ; 15:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The attention that high solids anaerobic digestion process (HS-AD) has received over the years, as a waste management and energy recovery process when compared to low solids anaerobic digestion process, can be attributed to its associated benefits including water conservation and smaller digester foot print. However, high solid content of the feedstock involved in the digestion process poses a barrier to the process stability and performance if it is not well managed. In this review, various limitations to effective performance of the HS-AD process, as well as, the possible measures highlighted in various research studies were garnered to serve as a guide for effective industrial application of this technology. A proposed design concept for overcoming substrate and product inhibition thereby improving methane yield and process stability was recommended for optimum performance of the HS-AD process.
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| 2. |
- Foereid, B., et al.
(author)
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Effect of anaerobic digestion of manure before application to soil – benefor nitrogen utilisation?
- 2021
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In: International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture. - : Islamic Azad University. - 2195-3228 .- 2251-7715. ; 10:1, s. 89-99
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose Anaerobic digestion produces renewable energy, biogas, from organic residues, but also digestate, a valuable organic fertiliser. Previous studies have indicated that digestate contains ample plant available nitrogen (N), but there are also concerns about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions after application of digestates to soil. The aim of this study was to compare digestate and undigested feedstock for fertiliser effect as well as greenhouse gas emissions during the next season. Method Digestate and its feedstock, manure, were compared as N fertilisers for wheat. Mixing digestate with biochar before application was also tested. After harvest, soil samples were frozen and dried. Then GHG emissions immediately after a re-wetting of dry soil and after thawing of frozen soil were measured to determine emissions after a non-growing season (dry or cold). Results All N in digestate was plant available, while there was no significant N fertiliser effect of the undigested manure. N2 O emissions were higher after a dry season than after freezing, but the undigested manure showed higher emissions during thawing than those detected during thawing of soils from any of the other treatments. Conclusion Anaerobic digestion makes N available to plants, and when residues with much N that is not plant available the first season are used, the risk of N2 O emission next spring is high. © 2021, Islamic Azad University. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Patinvoh, R. J., et al.
(author)
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Challenges of biogas implementation in developing countries
- 2019
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In: Current Opinion in Environmental Science and Health. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2468-5844. ; 12, s. 30-37
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are immense potential and opportunities for biogas implementation in developing countries, but lack of adequate infrastructures, sufficient capital, and appropriate policy have hindered successful implementation. The previous implementation was supported by governments, international organizations (the United Nations and European Union), and nongovernmental organizations and partly by carbon trading through Voluntary Emission Reductions managed by the World Bank. However, biogas technology in developing countries still require advancement in all levels from small-scale (household or domestic implementation) to large-scale implementation for energy generation, electricity generation, and transportation. There are challenges associated with policy, funding, technical services, sustainability, awareness, and education which are key factors to achieving full potential of biogas in developing countries. These challenges and solutions are briefly discussed in this work. Technical training, enforcement of policy, public–private partnership funding, record keeping, and advertisement of biogas programs are recommended for enhanced biogas implementation. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
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