| 1. |
- Falkman, Pär, et al.
(author)
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Finansieringsanalys En introduktion till kassaflödesredovisning samt övningar med lösningar
- 1998
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boken består av en textdel och ett antal grundläggande övningar. Bokens textdel identifierar de centrala val som måste göras när en finansieringsanalys upprättas. Dessutom innehåller textdelen en beskrivning över de steg som ingår i upprättandet av en finansieringsanalys, samt förklaringar till vad varje steg innebär. Textdelen är utformad så att studenterna skall erhålla förståelse för finansieringsanalysen, snarare än att enbart rent tekniskt kunna producera en sådan.
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| 2. |
- Falkman, Pär, et al.
(author)
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Kassaflödesanalys En introduktion med övningar och lösningar
- 2014
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boken består av en textdel och ett antal grundläggande övningar. Bokens textdel identifierar de centrala val som måste göras när en kassaflödesanalys upprättas. Dessutom innehåller textdelen en beskrivning över de steg som ingår i upprättandet av en kassaflödesanalys, samt förklaringar till vad varje steg innebär. Textdelen är utformad så att studenterna skall erhålla förståelse för kassaflödesanalysen, snarare än att enbart rent tekniskt kunna producera en sådan. Uppgiftsdelen innehåller 16 övningar med fullständiga lösningar.
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| 3. |
- Hilbert, Kevin, et al.
(author)
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Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group.
- 2024
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In: The American Journal of Psychiatry. - 1535-7228. ; 181:8, s. 728-740
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Specific phobia is a common anxiety disorder, but the literature on associated brain structure alterations exhibits substantial gaps. The ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group examined brain structure differences between individuals with specific phobias and healthy control subjects as well as between the animal and blood-injection-injury (BII) subtypes of specific phobia. Additionally, the authors investigated associations of brain structure with symptom severity and age (youths vs. adults).Data sets from 31 original studies were combined to create a final sample with 1,452 participants with phobia and 2,991 healthy participants (62.7% female; ages 5-90). Imaging processing and quality control were performed using established ENIGMA protocols. Subcortical volumes as well as cortical surface area and thickness were examined in a preregistered analysis.Compared with the healthy control group, the phobia group showed mostly smaller subcortical volumes, mixed surface differences, and larger cortical thickness across a substantial number of regions. The phobia subgroups also showed differences, including, as hypothesized, larger medial orbitofrontal cortex thickness in BII phobia (N=182) compared with animal phobia (N=739). All findings were driven by adult participants; no significant results were observed in children and adolescents.Brain alterations associated with specific phobia exceeded those of other anxiety disorders in comparable analyses in extent and effect size and were not limited to reductions in brain structure. Moreover, phenomenological differences between phobia subgroups were reflected in diverging neural underpinnings, including brain areas related to fear processing and higher cognitive processes. The findings implicate brain structure alterations in specific phobia, although subcortical alterations in particular may also relate to broader internalizing psychopathology.
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| 4. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(author)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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In: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Putula, Jaana, et al.
(author)
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Agonist ligand discrimination by the two orexin receptors depends on the expression system
- 2011
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In: Neuroscience Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 494:1, s. 57-60
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Despite the recent successes in producing orexin receptor subtype-selective antagonists, these are not commonly available, and therefore, agonist ligands are regularly used to ascribe cell and tissue responses to OX(1) or OX(2) receptors. In the current study, we have compared the native "subtype-selective" agonist, orexin-B, and its reputedly enhanced synthetic variant, Ala(11), d-Leu(15)-orexin-B, in two different recombinant cell lines. Ca(2+) elevation was used as readout, and the two "selective" ligands were compared to the subtype-non-selective orexin-A, as is customary with these ligands. In transiently transfected HEK-293 cells, orexin-B showed 9-fold selectivity for the OX(2) receptor and Ala(11), d-Leu(15)-orexin-B 23-fold selectivity, when the potency ratios of ligands were compared between OX(1) and OX(2). In stable CHO-K1 cells, the corresponding values were only 2.6- and 14-fold, respectively. In addition to being low, the selectivity of the ligands was also variable, as indicated by the comparison of the two cell lines. For instance, the relative potency of Ala(11), d-Leu(15)-orexin-B at OX(2) in CHO cells was only 2.3-fold higher than its relative potency at OX(1) in HEK-293 cells; this indicates that Ala(11), d-Leu(15)-orexin-B does not show high enough selectivity for OX(2) to be useful for determination of receptor subtype expression. Comparison of the potencies of orexin-A and -B with respect to a number of published responses in OX(1)-expressing CHO cells, demonstrates that these show great variation: i.e., orexin-A is 1.6-18-fold more potent than orexin-B, depending on the response assessed. These data together suggest that orexin receptor ligands show signal trafficking, which makes agonist-based pharmacology unreliable.
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| 8. |
- Turunen, Pauli M, et al.
(author)
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Arachidonic acid release mediated by OX1 orexin receptors
- 2010
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In: British Journal of Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1188 .- 1476-5381. ; 159:1, s. 212-221
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and purpose: We have previously shown that lipid mediators, produced by phospholipase D and C, are generated in OX1 orexin receptor signalling with high potency, and presumably mediate some of the physiological responses to orexin. In this study, we investigated whether the ubiquitous phospholipase A2 (PLA2) signalling system is also involved in orexin receptor signalling.Experimental approach: Recombinant Chinese hamster ovary-K1 cells, expressing human OX1 receptors, were used as a model system. Arachidonic acid (AA) release was measured from 3H-AA-labelled cells. Ca2+ signalling was assessed using single-cell imaging.Key results: Orexins strongly stimulated [3H]-AA release (maximally 4.4-fold). Orexin-A was somewhat more potent than orexin-B (pEC50= 8.90 and 8.38 respectively). The concentration2013response curves appeared biphasic. The release was fully inhibited by the potent cPLA2 and iPLA2 inhibitor, methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate, whereas the iPLA2 inhibitors, R- and S-bromoenol lactone, caused only a partial inhibition. The response was also fully dependent on Ca2+ influx, and the inhibitor studies suggested involvement of the receptor-operated influx pathway. The receptor-operated pathway, on the other hand, was partially dependent on PLA2 activity. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase, but not protein kinase C, were involved in the PLA2 activation at low orexin concentrations.Conclusions and implications: Activation of OX1 orexin receptors induced a strong, high-potency AA release, possibly via multiple PLA2 species, and this response may be important for the receptor-operated Ca2+ influx. The response coincided with other high-potency lipid messenger responses, and may interact with these signals.
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