| 1. |
- Felton, Adam, et al.
(author)
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Replacing monocultures with mixed-species : Ecosystem service implications of two production forest alternatives in Sweden
- 2016
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In: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 45:Suppl. 2, s. 124-139
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Whereas there is evidence that mixed-species approaches to production forestry in general can provide positive outcomes relative to monocultures, it is less clear to what extent multiple benefits can be derived from specific mixed-species alternatives. To provide such insights requires evaluations of an encompassing suite of ecosystem services, biodiversity, and forest management considerations provided by specific mixtures and monocultures within a region. Here, we conduct such an assessment in Sweden by contrasting even-aged Norway spruce (Picea abies)-dominated stands, with mixed-species stands of spruce and birch (Betula pendula or B. pubescens), or spruce and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). By synthesizing the available evidence, we identify positive outcomes from mixtures including increased biodiversity, water quality, esthetic and recreational values, as well as reduced stand vulnerability to pest and pathogen damage. However, some uncertainties and risks were projected to increase, highlighting the importance of conducting comprehensive interdisciplinary evaluations when assessing the pros and cons of mixtures.
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| 2. |
- Felton, Adam, et al.
(author)
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Replacing monocultures with mixed-species stands : Ecosystem service implications of two production forest alternatives in Sweden
- 2016
-
In: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 45, s. 124-139
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Whereas there is evidence that mixed-species approaches to production forestry in general can provide positive outcomes relative to monocultures, it is less clear to what extent multiple benefits can be derived from specific mixed-species alternatives. To provide such insights requires evaluations of an encompassing suite of ecosystem services, biodiversity, and forest management considerations provided by specific mixtures and monocultures within a region. Here, we conduct such an assessment in Sweden by contrasting even-aged Norway spruce (Picea abies)-dominated stands, with mixed-species stands of spruce and birch (Betula pendula or B. pubescens), or spruce and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). By synthesizing the available evidence, we identify positive outcomes from mixtures including increased biodiversity, water quality, esthetic and recreational values, as well as reduced stand vulnerability to pest and pathogen damage. However, some uncertainties and risks were projected to increase, highlighting the importance of conducting comprehensive interdisciplinary evaluations when assessing the pros and cons of mixtures.
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| 4. |
- Pettersson, Annika, 1966-
(author)
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Grafisk och algebraisk representation : Gymnasieelevers förståelse av linjära funktioner
- 2016
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis concerns upper secondary students’ understanding of algebraic and graphic representation of linear functions. Components of the students’ concept images, so-called ‘concept elements’, were studied as a way to capture their understanding. Four aspects affect the graphical view of a linear function, namely the parameter k, the parameter m, the scale of the coordinate axes and the domain of the function. Concerning the scale of the coordinate axis, there is a need to distinguish between two kinds of slope. When the scale of x-axis is changed, the k-value of the function, the so-called analytic slope, is constant but the visual slope changes. The tasks were designed so that three aspects were held constant in each task and one was varied. The study is qualitative and consists of two sub- studies. In the first, six students worked with two tasks involving the parameters k and m in the dynamic software GeoGebra. In the second, eight students were interviewed about a task concerning functions with different domains. Both studies also involved a task concerning the aspect of slope in a non-homogeneous coordinate system (a system with different scales on the axes). The results indicate three main findings: Firstly, students displayed difficulties in distinguishing between analytic and visual slope. Secondly, the word ‘start value’ can lead to conceptual problems when there is no visible intercept between the graphical representation of the function and the y-axis. Thirdly, the students displayed almost no concept elements in relation to the domain of a function.
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| 6. |
- Ageberg, Eva, et al.
(author)
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15-Year Follow-up of Neuromuscular Function in Patients With Unilateral Nonreconstructed Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Initially Treated With Rehabilitation and Activity Modification: A Longitudinal Prospective Study.
- 2007
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In: The American journal of sports medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3365 .- 0363-5465. ; 35:12, s. 2109-2117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: It has been suggested that neuromuscular function is of importance in the overall outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Hypothesis: Good neuromuscular function can be achieved and maintained over time in subjects with ACL injury treated with rehabilitation and activity modification but without reconstructive surgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: One hundred consecutive patients (42 women and 58 men) with acute ACL injury at a nonprofessional, recreational or competitive activity level were assessed 1, 3, and 15 years after injury. Their mean age at inclusion was 26 years (range, 15-43 years). All patients initially underwent rehabilitation and were advised to modify their activity level, especially by avoiding contact sports. Patients with recurrent giving-way episodes or secondary meniscal injuries that required fixation were subsequently excluded and underwent reconstruction of the ACL. Sixty-seven patients (71% of those available for follow-up) with unilateral nonreconstructed injury remained at the 15-year follow-up. Fifty-six of these 67 patients were examined with the single-legged hop test for distance and knee muscle strength. The limb symmetry index (LSI), calculated by dividing the result for the injured leg by that of the uninjured leg and multiplying by 100, was used for comparisons over time (paired t test). Results: The LSI for the single-legged hop test was higher at the 3-year follow-up (mean, 98.5%; standard deviation [SD], 7.6%) than at the 15-year follow-up (mean, 94.8%; SD, 10.5%) (mean difference, -3.7%; 95% confidence interval [Cl], -6.1% to -1.2%; P = .004). The LSI for isometric extension was higher at the 15-year follow-up (mean, 97.2%; SD, 13.7%) than at the 1-year follow-up (mean, 88.2%; SD, 15.4%) (mean difference, 9.0%; 95% Cl, 3.7% to 14.4%; P = .001). At the 15-year follow-up, between 69% and 85% of the patients had an LSI >= 90%. Conclusions: Good functional performance and knee muscle strength can be achieved and maintained over time in the majority of patients with ACL injury treated with rehabilitation and early activity modification but without reconstructive surgery.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Lenastina, et al.
(author)
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Mälsåker Revisited: Museum och Iscensättning. : Kungl Konsthögskolan. Restaureringskonst 2015-2016
- 2016
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Rapporten redovisar arbeten från kursen Restaureringskonst på Konsthögskolan som under läsåret 2015-2016 har arbetat med tema Museum och Iscensättning. Hur kulturmiljöer påverkas när de blir museum, hur man restaurerar för museum, hur man bevarar och utvecklar en plats för kunskapsutbyte, bildning och upplevelser. Mälsåkers slott, utanför Mariefred, förvaltat av Statens Fastighetsverk, var studieobjekt för 20 studenter, (yrkesverksamma arkitekter, antikvarier, ingenjörer, konservatorer m fl) där utbildningens olika studiemoment som uppmätning, inventering, dokumentation har tillämpats. Fältarbetet har följts av studier i historik, kulturhistorisk värdering och analyser som gett visioner och gestaltningsförslag på ny verksamhet i slottet. Rapporten presenterar förslagen, med text, skisser, foton och ritningar. Fyra olika typer av museum med varierande grad av åtgärder, förändringar och utveckling av slottet. Restaureringsexperiment redovisas utifrån traditionella och digitala dokumentationsmetoder. Dessutom finns arbeten om barockens ljus, bladguld, brandskydd, pod-radio, kraftstation, engelska parken, dekorationsmålade tak, Gustavianum, Julius Kronbergs ateljé och barockträdgård m m. Förslagen visar att det är möjligt att transformera Mälsåkers barockslott till ett museum av idag med bibehållen historik och synliga tidslager.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Översyn av förordning om miljökvalitetsnormer för fisk- och musselvatten : Redovisning av regeringsuppdrag med Havs- och vattenmyndighetens analys av normerna och förslag till ändrad lagstiftning
- 2016
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Regeringen gav genom ett beslut den 22 oktober 2015 Havs- och vattenmyndigheten i uppdrag att göra en översyn av förordningen (2001:554) om miljökvalitetsnormer för fisk- och musselvatten (fisk- och musselvattenförordningen). Behovet av att göra denna översyn har framförts av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten, Naturvårdsverket och Länsstyrelsen i Västra Götalands län. I rapporten görs en översyn av miljökvalitetsnormerna i förordningen (2001:554) om miljökvalitetsnormer för fisk- och musselvatten och en bedömning av om det finns normer som bör ändras, tas bort eller om samma skyddsnivå kan uppnås på annat sätt. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten föreslår att fisk- och musselvattenförordningen upphävs. Som en följd av detta behöver ett antal föreskrifter upphävas eller ändras. Därutöver behöver viss vägledning tas fram för att täcka återstående skyddsbehov.Det är svårt att få en överblick av i vilken utsträckning fisk- och musselvattenförordningen har påverkat den övervakning som bedrivs och hur mycket övervakning som bedrivs enbart utifrån förordningens krav. Havs- och vattenmyndighetens bedömning är dock att ett upphävande av förordningen inte kommer att påverka den övervakning som utförs på ett betydande sätt. Konsekvensutredningen visar att fisk- och musselvattenförordningen kan upphävas och att detta medför i huvudsak positiva effekter för såväl miljön som berörda myndigheter och verksamhetsutövare.
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