| 1. |
- Amorim, Luiz, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a measure of permeability between private and public space
- 2018
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Ingår i: Urban Science. - : MDPI AG. - 2413-8851. ; 2:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on the development of a measure for frontage permeability, which we argue is needed to complement existing metrics used to describe urban environments and assess, amongst others, social performativity. Built density and street network centrality are two characteristics often discussed in relation to urban vitality. However, high densities and high centrality do not always result in higher urban vitality, which can be partially explained by a typical densification model often used in Brazil and in some other Latin-American cities with high-rise residential buildings. To understand the relation between urban form and social performativity, the metrics for density and network centrality are thus not sufficient and we propose to add two other urban form properties: frontage permeability and plot size. The hypothesis is that the mentioned densification model combines higher density with larger plots and lower permeability. Many scholars have shown that higher density is often associated with increased urban vitality, but larger plots are said to have the opposite effect and in Latin American cities, it is observed that lower vitality is found where buildings have less permeable frontages. This research aims at studying the combined effect of density, permeability, and plot size on urban vitality or, more generally, social performativity. However, there is no well-developed method to measure frontage permeability. Therefore, this article first presents a method to measure frontage permeability, both in qualitative and quantitative terms. This measure is then combined with existing measures of density and plot size to analyse how these three urban form metrics relate to each other. In a forthcoming paper, pedestrian observation data will be added to the analysis, to be able to give more insight in the relation between the three urban form metrics and urban vitality using pedestrian counts as proxy. We will show that the developed measure seems to be coherent and effective in describing permeability. Further, the preliminary results confirm the hypothesis that the Brazilian densification model with high-rise residential buildings generates a decrease in frontage permeability, although it does not appear to significantly change plot sizes.
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| 2. |
- Bacchin, Taneha K., et al.
(författare)
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A multi-scale approach in the planning and design of water sensitive environments
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings 8th International Conference NOVATECH Lyon.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A spatial analytical framework to support landscape planning and urban design practices was introduced in this study aiming to integrate different scales of analysis and their effect when retrofitting Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) in the existing urban environment. The multi-scale analyses are performed using a geographic information system (GIS) platform to capture landscape patterns (spatial structure and composition) and processes (e.g. water cycle). The macro-scale analysis at the urban catchment level allows the development of planning strategies and performance objectives for the urbanized landscape, whilst the meso-scale, comprising the ecological (green) corridors, connects core areas conveying surface flows across the sub-catchments. At the neighbourhood scale, urban form parameters measured the territorial depth (permeability) between public and private land and the suitability of each site to retrofit Water Sensitive Urban Design. The feasibility to improve or extend the existing green-blue landscape matrix is assessed, and its implications discussed, by using a sequence of landscape metrics, land suitability and network analysis techniques. The study focused on modelling opportunities for the introduction of landscape features designed to improve surface stormwater management and, at the same time, provide multiple ecosystem services.
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| 3. |
- Barthel, Stephan, 1968-
(författare)
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Nytt miljonprogram unik chans att lösa flera frågor
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - Stockholm. - 1101-2447. ; :25-apr
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Dolt värde av enorma mått. Ett nytt miljonprogram kan förskräcka, men kan vara just vad Sverige behöver. Men vi ska inte upprepa misstagen från förra gången. Istället måste politierna nu ta fasta på denna unika chans at ta itu med vår tids stora utmaningar som integration, tillväxt och hållbarhet.
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| 4. |
- Berghauser Pont, Meta, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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A systematic review of the scientifically demonstrated effects of densification
- 2020
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315. ; 588:5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the current dominant strategies proposed for sustainable urban development is densification. UN Habitat prescribes a density of over 150 inhabitants per hectare to realize the UN Sustainable Development Goals. While some authors advocate the very reasonable benefits of density, others emphasize the potential drawbacks. The main goal of this paper is to provide a systematic review of international research on urban density and its potential benefits and drawbacks for sustainable urban development. 1208 articles were selected from Web of Science and after the screening of abstracts, 330 papers were found eligible to be included in the quantitative synthesis. Results show that the effects of densification that dominate literature are transport related studies (41%), followed by studies focusing on economics (14%), social effects (12%) and human health (11%). Least studied effects are resource efficiency (1%), service (3%) and urban environment (4%). Positive correlations with higher density are reported for transport and economics, while ecology, social impact and health show mainly negative correlations with higher density. The findings reported are generic as similar trends are found in North America, Asia and Europe and only minor differences in outcome are found in studies using different measures of density, unit or scale of analysis.
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| 5. |
- Berghauser Pont, Meta, 1972
(författare)
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An analytical approach to urban form
- 2018
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Ingår i: Urban Book Series. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2365-757X .- 2365-7588. ; , s. 101-123
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus of space-morphology, a specific branch in urban morphology, is to ‘uncover the fundamental characteristics of urban geometries’ (Moudon in Ordering space: types in architecture and design. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, p. 289–311, 1992) and ‘enrich the description of built form in ways that express aspects of performance and function’ (Peponis in Investigative modeling and spatial analysis: a commentary of directions. p. 2, 2014). Two research directions are important when discussing space-morphology, both developed in the UK during the 1970s. First, the work at the Centre of Land Use and Built Form at Cambridge University directed by Leslie Martin and Lionel March and their seminal work ‘the grid as generator’ (Martin and March in Urban space and structures. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1972). Recently, this direction received renewed attention with publications such as ‘Streets & Patterns’ by Marshall (Urban Des Int 17:257–271, 2005) and ‘Space, density and urban form’ by Berghauser Pont and Haupt (Spacematrix: space, density and urban form. NAi Publishers, Rotterdam, 2010). Second, the Unit for Architectural Studies at University College London, directed by Bill Hillier, that developed in what we today know as the Space Syntax laboratory. Besides the description of these two directions in what we call space-morphology, this chapter will discuss how these two directions can be combined and how this can benefit the other schools of urban morphology, not least when it comes to identifying typologies. Typologies, being specific combinations of spatial properties, perform and function in specific ways and can be an effective way to inform urban design and planning practice when they intervene in cities and change these types or add new ones. Such an evidence-based approach puts new demands on the education of architects, urban planners and designers.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Berghauser Pont, Meta, 1972
(författare)
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Book Notes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Urban Morphology. - 1027-4278. ; 23:2, s. 186-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dense and green building typologies. Research, policy and practice perspectives by Thomas Schröpfer and Sacha Menz, Springer, Briefs in Architectural Design and Technology, Singapore, 2019, 119 pp. ISBN 978-981-13-0712-6. Gridded worlds. An urban anthology edited by Reuben Rose-Redwood and Liora Bigon, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2018, 293 pp. ISBN 978-3-319-76489-4. The Venice variations. Tracing the architectural imagination by Sophia Psarra, UCL Press, London, UK, 2018, 306 pp. ISBN 978-1-78735-241-4. Landscape as forma mentis. Interpreting the integral dimension of the anthropic space. Magnolia by Nicola Scardigno, FrancoAngeli, Milano, Italy, 2018, 207 pp. ISBN 978-88-917-6880-3. The poverty of territorialism. A Neo-Medieval view of Europe and European planning by Andreas Falludi, Edward Elgar Publishing, Elgar studies in planning theory, policy and practice Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, USA, 2018, 179 pp. ISBN 978-1-78897-360-1. Housing Estates in Europe. Poverty, Ethnic Segregation and Policy Challenges edited by Daniel Baldwin Hess, Tiit Tammaru and Maarten van Ham, The Urban Book Series, Springer Nature Switzerland, 2018, 424 pp ISBN 978-3-319-92812-8. The everyday experiences of reconstruction and regeneration: from vision to reality in Birmingham and Coventry by David Adams and Peter Larkham, Routledge, Abingdon, UK, 2019, 196 pp. ISBN 978–1–4724–7117–8. Towers for the welfare state: an architectural history of British multi-storey housing 1945–1970 by Stefan Muthesius and Miles Glendinning, Scottish Centre for Conservation Studies, Edinburgh, UK, 2017, 266 pp. ISBN 978–1–9999205–2–4.
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| 8. |
- Berghauser Pont, Meta, 1972
(författare)
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Book notes Urban Morphology
- 2020
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Ingår i: Urban Morphology. - 1027-4278. ; 24:1, s. 122-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Berghauser Pont, Meta, 1972
(författare)
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Book review "The mathematics of urban morphology"
- 2019
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Ingår i: Urban Morphology. - 1027-4278. ; 23:2, s. 182-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Book review The mathematics of urban morphology, edited by Luca D’Acci, Birkhäuser, Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, Switzerland, 2019, 564 pp. ISBN 978–3–030–12380–2.
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| 10. |
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