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- Ericson, Per G P, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Higher-level phylogeny and morphological evolution of tyrant flycatchers, cotingas, manakins, and their allies (Aves : Tyrannida).
- 2006
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In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier BV. - 1055-7903 .- 1095-9513. ; 40:2, s. 471-83
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Despite increased understanding of higher-level relationships in passerine birds in the last 15 years, the taxonomic boundaries and phylogenetic interrelationships of the major groups of the Tyrannida (including the cotingas, manakins, tityrines, and tyrant flycatchers) remain unclear. Here, we present an analysis of DNA sequence data obtained from two nuclear exons, three introns, and one mitochondrial gene for 26 genera of Tyrannida and 6 tracheophone outgroups. The analysis resulted in well-supported hypotheses about the earliest evolution within Tyrannida. The Cotingidae, Pipridae, Tityrinae (sensu) [Prum, R.O., Rice, N.H., Mobley, J.A., Dimmick, W.W., 2000. A preliminary phylogenetic hypothesis for the cotingas (Cotingidae) based on mitochondrial DNA. Auk 117, 236-241], Tyrannidae, and the tyrannid subfamiles Tyranninae and Pipromorphinae (sensu) [Sibley, C.G., Monroe, B. L. Jr., 1990. Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT] were all found to be reciprocally monophyletic (given the present taxon sampling). The Cotingidae and Pipridae form a clade that is the sister group to a well-supported clade including Oxyruncus, the Tityrinae, Piprites, and the Tyrannidae. Oxyruncus is the sister group to the Tityrinae, and Piprites is placed as the sister group to the Tyrannidae. The tyrannid subfamilies Tyranninae and Pipromorphinae are monophyletic sister taxa, but the relationships of Platyrinchus mystaceus to these two clades remains ambiguous. The presence of medial (=internal) cartilages in the syrinx is a synapomorphy for the Oxyruncus-Tityrinae-Piprites-Tyrannidae clade. Although morphological synapomorphies currently support the monophyly of both the Pipridae and the Cotingidae, convergences and/or reversals in morphological character states are common in Tyrannida. The relationship between Oxyruncus and the Tityrinae is congruent with additional syringeal synapomorphies and allozyme distance data. Accordingly, we propose the recognition the family Tityridae within the Tyrannida to include the genera Schiffornis, Laniisoma, Laniocera, Iodopleura, Xenopsaris, Pachyramphus, Tityra, and Oxyruncus.
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| 2. |
- Irestedt, Martin, 1968-
(author)
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Molecular systematics of the antbird-ovenbird complex (Aves: Furnariida)
- 2004
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis concerns the phylogenetic relationships among suboscine birds with special emphasis on the antbird-ovenbird complex (Aves: Furnariida). The principal aim is to produce a framework for future systematic and comparative studies of suboscines by generating robust phylogenetic hypotheses from DNA-sequence data. Several gene regions, mostly from the nuclear genome, are used in order to get genetically independent estimates of phylogenetic relationships. The study is pioneering in the extensive use of nuclear DNA sequences to resolve passerine relationships.The phylogenetic hypotheses are overall well supported by high nodal support values, and there is an overall good phylogenetic agreement between the different gene regions used. Several existing hypotheses about deeper relationships among New World suboscines based on morphology and DNA-DNA hybridisations are corroborated. In addition, novel hypotheses of relationships within the antbird-ovenbird complex are generated, e.g., a non-monophyletic origin of the ground antbirds, a basal position of the genus Sclerurus in relation to woodcreepers and core-ovenbirds, and a basal position of the genera Terenura, Myrmornis, Pygiptila and Thamnistes in relation to other typical antbirds. Based on the results the current knowledge of systematic relationships among suboscines in general, and within the antbird-ovenbird complex in particular, are summarised and discussed. The thesis also includes discussions of recent methodological developments in avian molecular systematics, the use of morphological characters in phylogenetic reconstruction, and the problem of phylogenetic incongruence between data sets.
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| 3. |
- Ohlson, Jan I, et al.
(author)
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A molecular phylogeny of the cotingas (Aves : Cotingidae).
- 2007
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In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier BV. - 1055-7903 .- 1095-9513. ; 42:1, s. 25-37
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The phylogenetic relationships of members of Cotingidae were investigated using >2100 bp of sequence data from two nuclear introns (myoglobin intron 2 and G3PDH intron 11) and one protein-coding mitochondrial gene (cytochrome b). Strong support was found for a monophyletic clade including 23 traditional cotingid genera, corresponding to the Cotingidae sensu [Remsen, J.V. Jr., Jaramillo, A., Nores, M., Pacheco, J.F., Robbins, M.B., Schulenberg, T.S., Stiles, F.G., da Silva, J.M.C., Stotz, D.F., Zimmer, K.J., 2005. Version 2005-11-15. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithologists' Union. ]. Neither Oxyruncus nor any of the genera in Tityrinae sensu [Prum, R.O, Lanyon, W.E., 1989. Monophyly and phylogeny of the Schiffornis group (Tyrannoidea). Condor 91, 444-461.] are members of Cotingidae. Within Cotingidae a polytomy of four well-supported clades was recovered: (1) the fruiteaters Pipreola and Ampelioides; (2) the Ampelion group, including Phytotoma; (3) Rupicola and Phoenicircus; and (4) the 'core cotingas' consisting of the remainder of the Cotingas (e.g. fruitcrows, Cotinga, Procnias, Lipaugus, and Carpodectes), with Snowornis in a basal position. The separation of Snowornis from Lipaugus [Prum, R.O, Lanyon, W.E., 1989. Monophyly and phylogeny of the Schiffornis group (Tyrannoidea). Condor 91, 444-461.] was strongly supported, as were the close relationships between Gymnoderus and Conioptilon, and between Tijuca and Lipaugus. However, basal relationships among 'core cotinga' clades were not resolved.
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