| 1. |
- Bergland, A, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating the feasibility and intercorrelation of measurements on the functioning of residents living in Scandinavian nursing homes.
- 2010
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In: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 28:2, s. 154-169
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of measurements of muscle strength, balance, cognitive function, mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity for use in a Scandinavian nursing home population and to examine intercorrelations between these measurements. Method The design was cross-sectional and 322 residents’ functions were evaluated by grip strength, the Timed Chair Stand Test, Berg’s Balance Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale, Swedish version of Mini-Mental State Examination, 10-m walking and wheelchair propulsion at self-selected and maximum speed, functional independence measure, physiotherapy clinical outcome variables, and the Nursing Home Life Space Diameter. Results The mean age of the group was 85 years. Sixty-four percent were able to walk with or without walking aids, and 59% were able to rise independently from chair once. The level of participation in the tests was 70% or more, except for the 10-m walking/wheeling test and the Timed Chair Stand Test. No floor or ceiling effect was discovered. The significant correlation coefficients between different measurements of muscle strength, balance, cognitive function, mobility, ADL, and physical activity range from 0.14 to 0.90. Conclusion The instruments seem to be feasible for residents in Scandinavian nursing homes, and the residents appear to be a heterogeneous group with respect to functioning, mostly at low level.
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| 2. |
- Frandin, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Long-Term Effects of Individually Tailored Physical Training and Activity on Physical Function, Well-Being and Cognition in Scandinavian Nursing Home Residents : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2016
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In: Gerontology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0304-324X .- 1423-0003. ; 62:6, s. 571-580
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The preservation of physical functions such as muscle strength, balance and mobility is fundamental to maintaining independence in activities of daily living (ADL). The physical activity level of most nursing home residents is very low, which implies that they are often subject to a decline in health, mobility, autonomy and social contacts and are also at risk of suffering a decline in mental well-being. In a previous study, we demonstrated that transfers, balance and physical activity level improved after 3 months of individually tailored intervention in nursing home residents. Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects on ADL, balance function, physical activity level, physical performance, falls related self-efficacy, well-being and cognitive function 3 months after the completion of our intervention in nursing home residents. Methods: The study was a multicenter randomized, controlled clinical trial with a parallel-group design. It was conducted in nursing homes in Sweden, Norway and Denmark, with an intervention period lasting 3 months and a follow-up at 6 months. Initially, 322 nursing home residents with a mean age of 85 years were included; 85 from Sweden, 171 from Norway and 66 from Denmark. Of these, 241 [129 intervention group (IG), 112 control group (CG)] were eligible for the 6-month follow-up tests. The level of dependence in ADL, physical activity level, several dimensions of physical function, well-being, falls-related self-efficacy and cognitive function were assessed with reliable and valid instruments at baseline, immediately after 3 months of intervention and 3 months later at the 6-month follow-up.Results: After 3 months of intervention and an additional period of 3 months without intervention, only the following 2 variables demonstrated significant group differences: social and cognitive function, measured by the Functional Independence Measure n-r, where the IG deteriorated while the CG was almost stable. However, regarding transfers, the IG deteriorated significantly less than the CG. Conclusion: Without supervised physical exercise that challenged the individuals' capability, gains in ADL function, balance and transfer ability deteriorated during the 3 months following the intervention period. Thus, continuous, individually adjusted and supported physical activity seems crucial for the maintenance of physical functions in these vulnerable elderly persons.
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| 3. |
- Frändin, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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A Nordic multi-center study on physical and daily activities for residents in nursing home settings : design of a randomized, controlled trial
- 2009
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In: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 21:4-5, s. 314-322
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and aims: Nursing home residents constitute a frail, multi-diseased and heterogeneous group. As physical activity is essential for the preservation of function, personalized training and activities are of great importance, The main objective of this study was to describe the influence of an individually tailored intervention program, in a nursing home setting, on physical capacity, degree of dependence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), long-term participation in physical and/or daily activities, and self-rated wellbeing. The aim of the present work is to describe the overall design of the study. Methods: Nursing homes in Sweden, Norway and Denmark were involved, and 322 residents were randomized to either Intervention or Control groups. The intervention lasted for three months and consisted of physical and daily activities, led by physiotherapists and occupational therapists, and was built on their evaluations and on the goals expressed by each resident. Tests of muscle strength, mobility, balance function and confidence, ADL, level of physical activity, wellbeing and cognitive function were performed at baseline, directly after the intervention period and three months later. Results: They will be presented in articles to follow. Conclusions: Although it is a great challenge to carry out an intervention study directed toward such a frail population, it is of great interest to find out whether individually tailored and enhanced activities can lead to decreased dependence in ADL and increased wellbeing.
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| 4. |
- Gronstedt, Helena, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Individually Tailored Physical and Daily Activities in Nursing Home Residents on Activities of Daily Living, Physical Performance and Physical Activity Level : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2013
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In: Gerontology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0304-324X .- 1423-0003. ; 59:3, s. 220-229
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Nursing home residents are extremely inactive and deterioration in health and an increasing dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) are common. Physical activity and exercise play a major role in the preservation of physical function and quality of life late in life. However, evidence for the benefit of rehabilitation in nursing home residents is conflicting and inconclusive. Objective: To evaluate the effect of an individually tailored intervention program of 3 months, for nursing home residents, on ADL, balance, physical activity level, mobility and muscle strength. Methods:In this single-blind randomized clinical trial with parallel groups, nursing home residents >64 years of age from three Nordic countries were included. The intervention group (IG) was assigned to individually tailored physical and daily activities, while the control group (CG) received ordinary care. Primary outcomes were ADL and balance, and secondary outcomes physical activity level, mobility and muscle strength. Results: At baseline, 322 nursing home residents were included, of whom 266 were assessed after 3 months of intervention. Following the intervention, a significant difference was found between participants in the IG and CG on measures of balance, physical activity and transfers. The IG significantly improved walking/wheelchair speed and functional leg muscle strength. The CG had significantly deteriorated in ADL, balance and transfers. Persons who had taken part in the intervention for more than 150 min/week significantly improved their balance and physical activity level. Participation in more than 10 weeks of intervention significantly improved physical activity and walking/wheelchair speed, while a deterioration was seen in those who had participated less. Conclusion: Individually tailored intervention in nursing home residents focusing on physical and daily activities is effective in improving transfers, balance and physical activity level compared to usual care. The effect of the intervention is dependent on the total activity time.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Grönstedt, Helena, et al.
(author)
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Functional level, physical activity and wellbeing in nursing home residents in three Nordic countries
- 2011
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In: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 23:5-6, s. 413-420
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to describe physical and cognitive function and wellbeing among nursing home residents in three Nordic countries. A second aim was to compare groups of different age, level of dependency in daily life activities (ADL), degree of fall-related self-efficacy, wellbeing and cognitive function. Methods: 322 residents from nursing homes in Sweden, Norway and Denmark were included. Physical and cognitive function, level of physical activity and wellbeing were assessed by means of reliable and valid instruments. Results: The mean age of the participants was 85 years. Sixty percent could rise from a chair and 64% could walk independently. Men were younger and more physically active than women. Participants with a high level of dependency in ADL had a lower physical and cognitive function, were less physically active and had a lower fall-related self-efficacy than others. Participants with a low level of cognitive function showed a high fall-related self-efficacy. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that elderly residents in nursing homes in Sweden, Norway and Denmark are frail but heterogeneous. Significant differences in physical activity, physical function and dependency in ADL were seen in relation to age, fall-related self-efficacy, wellbeing and cognitive function.
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