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- Wheeler, Eleanor, et al.
(author)
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Impact of common genetic determinants of Hemoglobin A1c on type 2 diabetes risk and diagnosis in ancestrally diverse populations : A transethnic genome-wide meta-analysis
- 2017
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In: PLoS Medicine. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 14:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is used to diagnose type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assess glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 18 HbA1c-associated genetic variants. These variants proved to be classifiable by their likely biological action as erythrocytic (also associated with erythrocyte traits) or glycemic (associated with other glucose-related traits). In this study, we tested the hypotheses that, in a very large scale GWAS, we would identify more genetic variants associated with HbA1c and that HbA1c variants implicated in erythrocytic biology would affect the diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c. We therefore expanded the number of HbA1c-associated loci and tested the effect of genetic risk-scores comprised of erythrocytic or glycemic variants on incident diabetes prediction and on prevalent diabetes screening performance. Throughout this multiancestry study, we kept a focus on interancestry differences in HbA1c genetics performance that might influence race-ancestry differences in health outcomes.Methods & findings: Using genome-wide association meta-analyses in up to 159,940 individuals from 82 cohorts of European, African, East Asian, and South Asian ancestry, we identified 60 common genetic variants associated with HbA1c. We classified variants as implicated in glycemic, erythrocytic, or unclassified biology and tested whether additive genetic scores of erythrocytic variants (GS-E) or glycemic variants (GS-G) were associated with higher T2D incidence in multiethnic longitudinal cohorts (N = 33,241). Nineteen glycemic and 22 erythrocytic variants were associated with HbA1c at genome-wide significance. GS-G was associated with higher T2D risk (incidence OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06, per HbA1c-raising allele, p = 3 x 10-29); whereas GS-E was not (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.99-1.01, p = 0.60). In Europeans and Asians, erythrocytic variants in aggregate had only modest effects on the diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c. Yet, in African Americans, the X-linked G6PD G202A variant (T-allele frequency 11%) was associated with an absolute decrease in HbA1c of 0.81%-units (95% CI 0.66-0.96) per allele in hemizygous men, and 0.68%-units (95% CI 0.38-0.97) in homozygous women. The G6PD variant may cause approximately 2% (N = 0.65 million, 95% CI0.55-0.74) of African American adults with T2Dto remain undiagnosed when screened with HbA1c. Limitations include the smaller sample sizes for non-European ancestries and the inability to classify approximately one-third of the variants. Further studies in large multiethnic cohorts with HbA1c, glycemic, and erythrocytic traits are required to better determine the biological action of the unclassified variants.Conclusions: As G6PD deficiency can be clinically silent until illness strikes, we recommend investigation of the possible benefits of screening for the G6PD genotype along with using HbA1c to diagnose T2D in populations of African ancestry or groups where G6PD deficiency is common. Screening with direct glucose measurements, or genetically-informed HbA1c diagnostic thresholds in people with G6PD deficiency, may be required to avoid missed or delayed diagnoses.
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- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Amplitude analysis of the KSKS system produced in radiative J /psi decays
- 2018
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In: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 98:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An amplitude analysis of the KSKS system produced in radiative J/psi decays is performed using the (1310.6 +/- 7.0) x 10(6) nip decays collected by the BESIII detector. Two approaches are presented. A mass-dependent analysis is performed by parametrizing the KSKS invariant mass spectrum as a sum of Breit-aligner line shapes. Additionally, a mass-independent analysis is performed to extract a piecewise function that describes the dynamics of the KSKS system while making minimal assumptions about the properties and number of poles in the amplitude. The dominant amplitudes in the mass-dependent analysis include the f(0)(1710), f(0)(2200), and f(2)'(1525). The mass-independent results, which are made available as input for further studies, are consistent with those of the mass-dependent analysis and are useful for a systematic study of hadronic interactions. The branching fraction of radiative J/psi decays to KSKS is measured to be (8.1 +/- 0.4) x 10(-4), where the uncertainty is systematic and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.
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- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Determination of the number of ψ(3686) events at BESIII
- 2018
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In: Chinese Physics C. - : IOP Publishing. - 1674-1137 .- 2058-6132. ; 42:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The numbers of psi(3686) events accumulated by the BESIII detector for the data taken during 2009 and 2012 are determined to be (107.0 +/- 0.8)x10(6) and (341.1 +/- 2.1)x10(6), respectively, by counting inclusive hadronic events, where the uncertainties are systematic and the statistical uncertainties are negligible. The number of events for the sample taken in 2009 is consistent with that of the previous measurement. The total number of psi(3686) events for the two data taking periods is (448.1 +/- 2.9) x 10(6).
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- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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First measurement of e(+)e(-) -> pK(S)(0)(n)over-barK(-) + c.c. above open charm threshold
- 2018
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In: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 98:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The process e(+)e(-) -> pK(S)(0)(n) over barK(-) + c.c. and its intermediate processes are studied for the first time, using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII at center-of-mass energies of 3.773, 4.008, 4.226, 4.258, 4.358, 4.416, and 4.600 GeV, with a total integrated luminosity of 7.4 fb(-1). The Born cross section of e(+)e(-) -> pK(S)(0)(n) over barK(-) + c.c. is measured at each center-of-mass energy, but no significant resonant structure in the measured cross-section line shape between 3.773 and 4.600 GeV is observed. No evident structure is detected in the pK(-), nK(S)(0), pK(S)(0), nK(+), p (n) over bar, or (KSK-)-K-0 invariant mass distributions except for Lambda(1520). The Born cross sections of e(+)e(-) -> Lambda(1520)(n) over barK(S)(0) + c.c. and e(+)e(-) -> Lambda(1520)(p) over barK(+) + c.c. are measured, and the 90% confidence level upper limits on the Born cross sections of e(+)e(-) -> Lambda(1520)(Lambda) over bar (1520) are determined at the seven center-of-mass energies. There is an evident difference in line shape and magnitude of the measured cross sections between e(+)e(-) -> Lambda(1520)(-> pK(-))(n) over barK(S)(0) and e(+)e(-) -> pK-(Lambda) over bar (1520)(-> (n) over barK(S)(0)).
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- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of branching fractions for psi(3686) -> gamma eta ', gamma eta, and gamma pi(0)
- 2017
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In: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using a data sample of 448 x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, the decays psi(3686) -> gamma eta and psi(3686) -> gamma pi(0) are observed with a statistical significance of 7.3 sigma and 6.7 sigma, respectively. The branching fractions are measured to be B(psi(3686) -> gamma eta) = (0.85 +/- 0.18 +/- 0.05) x 10(-6) and B(psi(3686) ->gamma pi(0)) = (0.95 +/- 0.16 +/- 0.05) x 10(-6). In addition, we measure the branching fraction of psi(3686) -> gamma eta' to be B(psi(3686) -> gamma eta') = (125.1 +/- 2.2 +/- 6.2)x10(-6), which represents an improvement of precision over previous results.
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- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of e(+)e(-) -> D(D)over-bar cross sections at the psi(3770) resonance
- 2018
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In: Chinese Physics C. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1674-1137 .- 2058-6132. ; 42:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report new measurements of the cross sections for the production of D (D) over bar final states at the psi(3770) resonance. Our data sample consists of an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb(-1) of e(+)e(-) annihilation data produced by the BEPCII collider and collected and analyzed with the BESIII detector. We exclusively reconstruct three D-0 and six D+ hadronic decay modes and use the ratio of the yield of fully reconstructed D (D) over bar events ("double tags") to the yield of all reconstructed D or (D) over bar mesons ("single tags") to determine the number of D-0(D) over bar (0) and D+D- events, benefiting from the cancellation of many systematic uncertainties. Combining these yields with an independent determination of the integrated luminosity of the data sample, we find the cross sections to be sigma(e(+)e(-) -> D-0(D) over bar (0)(-) )=(3.615 +/- 0.010 +/- 0.038) nb and sigma(e(+)e(-) -> D+D-)=(2.830 +/- 0.011 +/- 0.026) nb, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.
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- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of e(+)e(-) -> K(K)over-barJ/psi cross sections at center-of-mass energies from 4.189 to 4.600 GeV
- 2018
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In: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 97:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate the process e(+)e(-) -> K (K) over barJ/psi at center-of-mass energies from 4.189 to 4.600 GeV using 4.7 fb(-1) of data collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The Born cross sections for the reactions e(+)e(-) -> K(+)K(-)J/psi and K(S)(0)K(S)(0)J/psi are measured as a function of center-of-mass energy. The energy dependence of the cross section for e(+)e(-) -> K(+)K(-)J/psi is shown to differ from that for pi(+)pi(-)J/psi in the region around the Y(4260). In addition, there is evidence for a structure around 4.5 GeV in the e(+)e(-) -> K(+)K(-)J/psi cross section that is not present in pi(+)pi(-)J/psi.
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- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of e(+)e(-) -> pi(+)pi(-) psi(3686) from 4.008 to 4.600 GeV and observation of a charged structure in the pi(+/-)psi(3686) mass spectrum
- 2017
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In: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study the process e(+)e(-) -> p(+)p(-)psi(3686) using 5.1 fb(-1) of data collected at 16 center-of-mass energy (root s) points from 4.008 to 4.600 GeV by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider. The measured Born cross sections for e(+)e(-) -> p(+)p(-)psi(3686) are consistent with previous results, but with much improved precision. A fit to the cross section shows contributions from two structures: the first has M = 4209.5 +/- 7.4 +/- 1.4 MeV/c(2) and Gamma = 80.1 +/- 24.6 +/- 2.9 MeV, and the second has M = 4383.8 +/- 4.2 +/- 0.8 MeV/c(2) and Gamma = 84.2 +/- 12.5 +/- 2.1 MeV, where the first errors are statistical and the second systematic. The lower-mass resonance is observed in the process e(+)e(-) -> p(+)p(-)psi(3686) for the first time with a statistical significance of 5.8 sigma. A charged charmoniumlike structure is observed in the pi(+/-)psi(3686) invariant mass spectrum for data at root s = 4.416 GeV. A fit with an S-wave Breit-Wigner function yields a mass M = 4032.1 +/- 2.4 MeV/c(2), where the errors are statistical only. However, there are still unresolved discrepancies between the fit model and data. The width of the intermediate state varies in a wide range for different kinematic regions within the data set. Therefore, no simple interpretation of the data has been found, and a future data sample with larger statistics and more theoretical input will be required to better understand this issue.
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