1. |
- Ebert, D. D., et al.
(author)
-
Does Internet-based guided-self-help for depression cause harm? An individual participant data meta-analysis on deterioration rates and its moderators in randomized controlled trials
- 2016
-
In: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 46:13, s. 2679-2693
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Almost nothing is known about the potential negative effects of Internet-based psychological treatments for depression. This study aims at investigating deterioration and its moderators within randomized trials on Internet-based guided self-help for adult depression, using an individual patient data meta-analyses (IPDMA) approach.Studies were identified through systematic searches (PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library). Deterioration in participants was defined as a significant symptom increase according to the reliable change index (i.e. 7.68 points in the CES-D; 7.63 points in the BDI). Two-step IPDMA procedures, with a random-effects model were used to pool data.A total of 18 studies (21 comparisons, 2079 participants) contributed data to the analysis. The risk for a reliable deterioration from baseline to post-treatment was significantly lower in the intervention v. control conditions (3.36 v. 7.60; relative risk 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.29–0.75). Education moderated effects on deterioration, with patients with low education displaying a higher risk for deterioration than patients with higher education. Deterioration rates for patients with low education did not differ statistically significantly between intervention and control groups. The benefit–risk ratio for patients with low education indicated that 9.38 patients achieve a treatment response for each patient experiencing a symptom deterioration.Internet-based guided self-help is associated with a mean reduced risk for a symptom deterioration compared to controls. Treatment and symptom progress of patients with low education should be closely monitored, as some patients might face an increased risk for symptom deterioration. Future studies should examine predictors of deterioration in patients with low education.
|
|
2. |
|
|
3. |
- Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus, et al.
(author)
-
Paradoxical intention for insomnia : A systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Sleep Research. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; , s. 1-14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Paradoxical intention (PI) has been considered an evidence-based treatment for insomnia since the 1990s, but it has not been evaluated with modern review techniques such as meta-analysis. The present study aimed to conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that explore the effectiveness of PI for insomnia on insomnia symptomatology and theory-derived processes. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching for eligible articles or dissertations in six online bibliographic databases. Randomised controlled trials and experimental studies comparing PI for insomnia to active and passive comparators and assessing insomnia symptoms as outcomes were included. A random effects model was estimated to determine the standardised mean difference Hedge's g at post-treatment. Test for heterogeneity was performed, fail-safe N was calculated, and study quality was assessed. The study was pre-registered at International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42019137357). A total of 10 trials were identified. Compared to passive comparators, PI led to large improvements in key insomnia symptoms. Relative to active comparators, the improvements were smaller, but still moderate for several central outcomes. Compared to passive comparators, PI resulted in great reductions in sleep-related performance anxiety, one of several proposed mechanisms of change for PI. PI for insomnia resulted in marked clinical improvements, large relative to passive comparators and moderate compared to active comparators. However, methodologically stronger studies are needed before more firm conclusions can be drawn.
|
|
4. |
|
|
5. |
|
|
6. |
|
|
7. |
|
|
8. |
|
|
9. |
- Forsell, E., et al.
(author)
-
Overcoming procrastination : One-year follow-up and predictors of change in a randomized controlled trial of Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy
- 2016
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Procrastination; the purposeful delay of an intended course of action is, for many, a persistent behavior associated with reduced mood, increased stress, and poorer performance. 20 % of adults and 50 % of students experience significant difficulties with procrastination. Internet- based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) shows promise for several conditions, but has never been applied to procrastination. The current study examined the efficacy of ICBT for procrastination at post treatment and one-year follow-up, and investigated predictors of change.Method: Participants (N = 150) were randomized to 10 weeks of either guided self-help, unguided self-help, or wait-list control (receiving unguided self-help after the first treatment period). Outcome measures were the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS), the Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS), the Susceptibility to Temptation Scale, the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment, and the Quality of Life Inventory. Intention-to-treat was used for all statistical analyses, with mixed-effects models to assess the effect of time and group.Results: Moderate to large effect sizes were obtained post treatment comparing guided and unguided self-help with wait-list control, the PPS, Cohen’s d = 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.29, 1.10], and d = 0.50, 95% CI [0.10, 0.90], and the IPS, d = 0.81 95% CI [0.40, 1.22], and d = 0.69 95% CI [0.29, 1.09]. Clinically significant change was achieved among 31.3–40.0% for guided self-help and 24.0–36.0% for unguided self-help. Neither treatment condition was superior on any outcome measure, Fs (98, 65.17-72.55) < 1.70, p > .19. One-year follow-up data has been collected and the results will be available at the time of the conference, including predictors of change.Conclusion: ICBT could be useful for self-reported problems of procrastination, with results at one-year follow-up and predictors of change revealing the long-term benefit and variables associated with successful treatment outcome.
|
|
10. |
- Forsström, David, et al.
(author)
-
Group versus Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for procrastination : Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- 2015
-
In: Abstracts from the 7th Swedish Congress on internet interventions (SWEsrii). - Linköping : Linköping University Press. ; , s. 20-20
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Procrastination can be defined as a voluntarily delay of an intended course of action despite expecting to be worse-off for the delay, and is considered a persistent behavior pattern that can result in major psychological suffering, which in turn can constitute a major problem for many individuals. There a not many studies available on treating procrastination. A previous Internet based RCT with guided and unguided treatment aimed to decrease procrastination yielded positive results for individuals who volunteered to receive treatment. This current study has the aim to further increase the knowledge regarding treatment for procrastination. It is a RCT comparing unguided and group treatment aimed to decrease procrastination in a student population. Demographic data from the included participants and preliminary outcome data is presented. These results are discussed and compared to the previous RCT and other studies evaluating the effect of treatment aimed to decrease procrastination.
|
|