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- Ahlstrand, Roland, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Corporate Social Responsibility in Connection with Business Closures and Downsizing: A Literature Review
- 2017
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In: Contemporary Management Research. - : Academy of Taiwan Information Systems Research. - 1813-5498. ; 13:1, s. 53-78
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this paper was to review the research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in connection with business closures and downsizing to identify gaps in our knowledge. The study consisted of a systematic review of 24 refereed articles. The review identified four themes in the literature on CSR in connection with business closure and downsizing, namely CSR, transition programs and the local community; CSR and business strategy; CSR, power and reputation; and lastly, other articles on CSR in connection with business closures and downsizing. The review revealed a lack of understanding of the reasons, outcomes and methodology of CSR development in connection with business closures and downsizing.
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| 2. |
- Ahlstrand, Roland, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Lokala partsrelationer och organisatorisk flexibilitet: omställningar inom hotellbranschen under covid-19-krisen 2020–2021
- 2023
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Denna studie fokuserar på de lokala partsrelationernas betydelse för utvecklingen av den organisatoriska flexibiliteten under en större hotellkoncerns omställningar under covid-19-krisen 2020–2021. Studien bygger på 26 semistrukturerade intervjuer med representanter för arbetsgivarorganisationer och fackliga organisationer på branschnivå, samt chefer och fackliga företrädare på koncern- och hotellnivå. Intervjuerna transkriberades och tematiserades med hjälp av NVivo 12. I ljuset av en dramatisk nedgång i kundunderlaget mer än halverades antalet anställda: tillsvidareanställda sades upp och kontrakten för tillfälligt anställda blev inte förlängda. Vid sidan av ”tillfälligt anställda” tillkom en ny form av numerisk flexibilitet, korttidspermitterade, baserad på lagen om stöd vid korttidsarbete från 2013. Samtidigt genomfördes omfattande organisationsförändringar: avdelningar slogs samman, antalet chefer reducerades och i stort sett samtliga yrkestitlar förändrades. Anställda skulle arbeta i ”service team”, chefer skulle vara ”service lead” och andra, t ex receptionister, kockar, bartenders och städare, skulle tituleras ”hosts”. De fackliga organisationerna menade att denna form av funktionell flexibilitet, att ”alla skulle kunna allt”, ledde till ett allt stressigare jobb och var ett hot mot yrkesstoltheten. I syfte att analysera de lokala partsrelationernas betydelse för utvecklingen av den organisatoriska flexibiliteten tar vi avstamp i tidigare forskning om lokala partsrelationer. Den tidigare forskningen har till stor del handlat om parternas förhållningssätt till varandra när de arbetat för att nå lösningar och resultat i olika avseenden, hur intressen och maktresurser mobiliseras, förhandlingsstrategier och den fackliga organiseringens betydelse för den fackliga styrkan. Det finns begränsat med forskning om de lokala partsrelationers roll när det gäller organisationsförändringar med bäring på organisatorisk flexibilitet. I den här artikeln fokuserar vi på de lokala parternas betydelse för utvecklingen av den organisatoriska flexibiliteten med hänsyn tagen till de institutionella förutsättningar som rådde under pandemin
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| 3. |
- Ahlstrand, Roland, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Restructuring regimes in and between two crises : A comparison of Sweden and the UK
- 2024
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In: European journal of industrial relations. - : Sage Publications. - 0959-6801 .- 1461-7129. ; 0(0), s. 1-21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper compares responses to crises through analysis of labour market policy in Sweden and the UK between the Global Financial Crises to the COVID-19 pandemic. In drawing on 'restructuring regimes' we offer insights into the dynamics of change in the two countries, focussing on the development of short-time working schemes. We argue that Sweden learned lessons from the GFC that helped prepare for future crises, whereas the UK's muted response left it ill-prepared for the COVID-19 crisis. The paper contributes to debates around restructuring regimes through an analysis of the journey between two crises in which we characterise Sweden's approach as proactive and pre-emptive and the UK's as reactive and ad hoc. By locating analysis in traditions of self-regulation and voluntarism in Sweden and the UK, respectively, we expand upon the role that industrial relations play in maintaining the stability, or not, of national restructuring regimes.
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| 6. |
- Arenaz Búa, Beatriz, et al.
(author)
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The Pharyngoesophageal Segment after Total Laryngectomy
- 2017
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In: Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0003-4894 .- 1943-572X. ; 126:2, s. 138-145
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the present study was to characterize the pharyngoesophageal segment in laryngectomees who rated themselves as functional tracheoesophageal speakers. Methods: Voice perceptual assessment, high-resolution videomanometry of swallowing and phonation, and high-speed camera recording during phonation provided information about the anatomy and function of the pharyngoesophageal segment. Results: Fourteen patients were included in the study. The voice assessments presented high intra/inter-listener reliability. We found a significant correlation between roughness and poor voice quality, hyperfunction and poor intelligibility, and poor voice quality, long time since the operation, and old age. High-resolution videomanometry during phonation revealed decreasing mean pressures from the distal esophagus to the pharynx and confirmed low resting pressures at the pharyngoesophageal segment and low esophageal peristaltic contraction pressures after laryngectomy in comparison to normal subjects. The neoglottis shape was mainly circular and presented a strong mucosal wave in most of the patients on the high-speed camera recording. Conclusions: Perceptual voice assessment and high-speed camera recordings provided baseline information about voice characteristics and vibration regularity of the neoglottis. Additionally, the quantitative measures obtained with high-resolution videomanometry may have clinical applicability as reference data in voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.
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| 7. |
- Arenaz Bua, Beatriz, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of cricopharyngeal dysfunction: a comparative pilot study.
- 2015
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In: BMC Research Notes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1756-0500. ; 8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cricopharyngeal dysfunction is a narrowing at the level of the upper oesophageal sphincter caused by failed or incomplete sphincter opening as a result of lack of pharyngoesophageal coordination or reduction in the muscular compliance of the upper oesophageal sphincter. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a typical symptom. Videomanometry allows direct comparison of pressure readings with dynamic anatomy during swallowing.
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| 8. |
- Arenaz Búa, Beatriz, et al.
(author)
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Voice and swallowing after total laryngectomy
- 2018
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In: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 138:2, s. 170-174
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Voice and swallowing problems are often seen in patients with advanced larynx cancer, after total laryngectomy (TL) and chemo/radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of voice and swallowing problems in patients who have been laryngectomised and investigate if these symptoms were related to age, time after TL, radiotherapy and TNM-classification. In addition, we studied how often the patients changed their voice prostheses and the need of therapeutic interventions after TL. Methods: Forty-five patients were included in the study and completed the Swedish version of the Sydney Swallow Questionnaire and the Voice Handicap Index-T. Results: Swallowing problems were reported by 89% of the patients and moderate-to-severe voice handicap was reported by 66%. Most of the subjects who had dysphagia also presented voice problems (rs = 0.67 p ≤ .01). Additional therapeutic interventions to manage problems with voice and/or swallowing after TL were required in 62% of the patients. Conclusions: Swallowing and voice problems after TL are common. Thus, the preoperative information and assessment of these functions, as well as the treatment and the post-operative rehabilitation should be evaluated and optimised to provide better functional results after treatment of advanced larynx cancer.
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| 9. |
- Eker, Charlotta, et al.
(author)
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Multivariate analysis of laryngeal fluorescence spectra recorded in vivo
- 2001
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In: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0196-8092 .- 1096-9101. ; 28:3, s. 259-266
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Objective: The potential of using various multivariate analysis methods for classification of fluorescence spectra acquired in vivo from laryngeal tissues in Patients was investigated. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Autofluorescence spectra were measured on 29 normal tissue sites and 25 laryngeal lesions using 337-nm excitation. Four different multivariate analysis schemes were applied. Laryngeal fluorescence spectra from patients who had been administered F-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) were obtained using 405-nm excitation and were classified using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Results: For autofluorescence spectra, logistic regression based on principal component analysis (PCA) or PLS, or PLS-DA all resulted in sensitivities and specificities around 90% for lesion vs. normal. Using ALA and 405-nm excitation gave a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 69%. Conclusion: Multivariate analysis of fluorescence spectra could allow classification of laryngeal lesions in vivo with high sensitivity and specificity. PLS performs at least as well as PCA, and PLS-DA performs as well as logistic regression techniques on these data.
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| 10. |
- Forslund, Ola, et al.
(author)
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Viral load and mRNA expression of HPV type 6 among cases with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
- 2016
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In: The Laryngoscope. - : Wiley. - 0023-852X .- 1531-4995. ; 126:1, s. 122-127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To determine viral load of human papillomavirus type 6 (HPV6), physical state of HPV6-DNA, and transcription level of HPV6 E7-mRNA in laryngeal papilloma and in adjacent healthy mucosa.STUDY DESIGN: Case series.METHODS: A papilloma biopsy was collected from each of 25 adult patients with respiratory recurrent papillomatosis. From 14 of the 25 patients, we first collected a biopsy from healthy mucosa of the false vocal fold and another from the papilloma. Quantity of HPV6 and E7-mRNA was measured by polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: For the papilloma, the median load of HPV6 was 41 copies/cell, and the lowest amount was 5.4 copies/cell. Human papillomavirus type 6 was detected in 50% (7/14) of the healthy mucosa, with a median of 1.1 copies/cell, and the highest amount was 6.6 copies/cell. Overall, viral load was higher in papilloma than in healthy mucosa (P < 0.05). The average HPV6 E2/E7-DNA ratio was 1.3, indicating an episomal state. Human papillomavirus type 6-mRNA was detected in all HPV6-DNA-positive samples. The transcription median ratio of HPV6-mRNA/HPV6-DNA was 1.5 in papilloma and 3.8 in healthy mucosa.CONCLUSION: The amount of HPV6-DNA was consistently higher in the papilloma than in healthy mucosa. The transcription level of HPV6 E7 mRNA was similar in the papilloma and in normal mucosa. We suggest that interfering with replication of HPV6 and suppression of HPV6 to fewer than five copies/cell may be curative.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A. Laryngoscope, 126:122-127, 2016.
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