| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Chen, Weimin, 1959-, et al.
(author)
-
Magneto-optical spectroscopy of defects in wide bandgap semiconductors : GaN and SiC
- 2000
-
In: Proceedings Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices. - : IEEE. - 0780366980 ; , s. 497-502
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We review recent progress in our understanding of intrinsic defects in GaN and SiC, gained from magneto-optical studies by Zeeman measurements and optically detected magnetic resonance. The two best-known intrinsic defects in these two wide bandgap semiconductors, i.e. the Ga interstitial in GaN and the silicon vacancy in SiC, are discussed in detail. The Ga interstitial is the first and only intrinsic defect in GaN that has so far been unambiguously identified, either in the presumably isolated form or in a family of up to three complexes. The silicon vacancy is among the most studied intrinsic defect in SiC, at least in two charge states, and yet still remains controversial.
|
|
| 3. |
- Elbe, Pia, et al.
(author)
-
Differential Impacts of Addition and Omission Deviants on the Working Memory Performance of Adults with and without Self-reported ADHD
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- To improve work productivity and concentration when undertaking daily tasks, such as studying or engaging in mentally difficult activities, some individuals prefer to work in the presence of background auditory noise such as music, nature sounds, or even white noise. We investigated the impact of background white noise on short-term serial recall performance in adults with (n = 66) and without (n = 66) ADHD whereby variation in other traits that could potentially influence performance (anxiety and depression) was controlled. The potential decline of the impact of task-irrelevant sound across trials (e.g., habituation) and serial position effects were also explored. Participants completed the verbal working memory task in the presence of continuous white noise sequences that were occasionally interrupted by a period of quiet (omission deviant), and continuous quiet sequences that were occasionally interrupted by a period of white noise (addition deviant). Addition deviants were more disruptive for non-ADHD individuals than ADHD individuals, while omission deviants were more disruptive for ADHD individuals than non-ADHD individuals. A direct implication of this interaction is, in order to limit distractions, adults with ADHD should refrain from listening to continuous background white noise if there is a likelihood of a break in sound stimulation, whereas adults without ADHD should avoid quiet auditory backgrounds in which a rare or unexpected sound may occur. Further, exploratory findings show the absence of a serial position primacy effect for adults self-reporting ADHD compared to adults without ADHD.
|
|
| 4. |
- Eriksson Sörman, Daniel, et al.
(author)
-
Longitudinal effects of bilingualism on dual-tasking
- 2017
-
In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An ongoing debate surrounds whether bilinguals outperform monolinguals in tests of executive processing. The aim of this study was to investigate if there are long-term (10 year) bilingual advantages in executive processing, as indexed by dual-task performance, in a sample that were 40–65 years at baseline. The bilingual (n = 24) and monolingual (n = 24) participants were matched on age, sex, education, fluid intelligence, and study sample. Participants performed free-recall for a 12-item list in three dual-task settings wherein they sorted cards either during encoding, retrieval, or during both encoding and retrieval of the word-list. Free recall without card sorting was used as a reference to compute dual-task costs. The results showed that bilinguals significantly outperformed monolinguals when they performed card-sorting during both encoding and retrieval of the word-list, the condition that presumably placed the highest demands on executive functioning. However, dual-task costs increased over time for bilinguals relative to monolinguals, a finding that is possibly influenced by retirement age and limited use of second language in the bilingual group.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hulaj, Rame, et al.
(author)
-
A Motivational Model Explaining Performance in Video Games
- 2020
-
In: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Esports are a rapidly growing phenomenon and understanding of factors underlying game performance are therefore of great interest. The present study investigated the influence of satisfaction of basic psychological needs (competence, autonomy, and relatedness), type of motivation (amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation, and intrinsic motivation), and number of matches played (time on task) on individuals’ performance on a matchmaking rating (MMR) in the video game Defence of the Ancients 2 (Dota 2). Collected data from 315 participants was included in the analyses. A web-based questionnaire was used to collect data and structural equation modelling (SEM) was performed to analyze the data. The results show that perceived competence and autonomy were the only significant predictors of MMR performance beyond matches played. Fulfillment of relatedness, as well as motivational factors, were not found to be predictors of MMR scores. The strong effect of matches played, used as proxy of time on task, emphasize the effect of time and practice as a critical aspect of video-game expertise.
|
|
| 6. |
- Koptyug, Andrey, 1956-, et al.
(author)
-
A Method of Altering the Modulation Type and frequency of Commercial ESR Spectrometers :
- 1994
-
In: Measurement science and technology. - : IOP. - 0957-0233 .- 1361-6501. ; 5:7, s. 797-780
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A strategy of altering the modulation type and frequency of commercial continuous wave ESR spectrometers without changes in the main console is discussed. A simple converter unit, permitting the use of various external receivers, widening the possibilities for the basic commercial set-up is suggested. Block diagrams for altering the modulation frequency and type are presented and the use of boxcar averaging systems for the time-resolved experiments is discussed in detail. As an example of a successful application of this method, some results obtained with two different RYDMR accessories, based on the commercial CW ESR spectrometers, are discussed. X-band OD ESR studies of hydrocarbon solutions are illustrated by the spectra of p-xylene and trans-phenyl-propene radical cations, and methyl acrylate and trans-azabenzene radical ions, detected in situ under X-irradiation. Semiconductor studies are illustrated by CW and time-resolved X-band ODMR spectra of PGa-P3Y point defects as well as its OD ENDOR and ENDOR-induced ODMR spectra
|
|
| 7. |
- Körning-Ljungberg, Jessica, et al.
(author)
-
The bilingual effects of linguistic distances on episodic memory and verbal fluency
- 2020
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 61:2, s. 195-203
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The impact of linguistic distance or the relatedness between two languages, on bilinguals’ episodic memory performance and verbal fluency is an understudied area. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if differences in linguistic distances have differential effects on these abilities. Measures of episodic recognition, categorical fluency, and global cognitive functioning were also considered in the analyses. Two matched samples with participants living and educated in Sweden were drawn from the Betula Prospective Cohort Study. Results showed that bilinguals who speak linguistically similar languages (Swedish and English), performed significantly better than monolinguals on both episodic memory recall and letter fluency, while bilinguals who speak two languages that are more distant (Swedish and Finnish), showed no advantages compared to their monolingual counterparts. For both tasks, however, a linear trend was observed indicative of better performance for the Swedish‐English group compared to the Finnish‐Swedish group, and for the Swedish‐Finnish group compared to the monolinguals group. As expected, no differences between groups were found in any of the other cognitive tasks. Overall, results suggest that the impact of linguistic distances should be explored in more detail in the future.
|
|
| 8. |
- Marsh, John E., et al.
(author)
-
Executive Processes Underpin the Bilingual Advantage on Phonemic Fluency : Evidence From Analyses of Switching and Clustering
- 2019
-
In: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bilinguals often show a disadvantage in lexical access on verbal fluency tasks wherein the criteria require the production of words from semantic categories. However, the pattern is more heterogeneous for letter (phonemic) fluency wherein the task is to produce words beginning with a given letter. Here, bilinguals often outperform monolinguals. One explanation for this is that phonemic fluency, as compared with semantic fluency, is more greatly underpinned by executive processes and that bilinguals exhibit better performance on phonemic fluency due to better executive functions. In this study, we re-analyzed phonemic fluency data from the Betula study, scoring outputs according to two measures that purportedly reflect executive processes: clustering and switching. Consistent with the notion that bilinguals have superior executive processes and that these can be used to offset a bilingual disadvantage in verbal fluency, bilinguals (35-65 years at baseline) demonstrated greater switching and clustering throughout the 15-year study period.
|
|
| 9. |
- Sörman, E., et al.
(author)
-
Silicon vacancy related defect in 4H and 6H SiC
- 2000
-
In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 61:4, s. 2613-2620
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on an irradiation-induced photoluminescence (PL) band in 4H and 6H SiC and the corresponding optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) signals from this band. The deep PL band has the same number of no-phonon lines as there are inequivalent sites in the respective polytype. These lines are at 1352 and 1438 meV in the case of 4H and at 1366, 1398, and 1433 meV in the case of 6H. The intensity of the PL lines is reduced after a short anneal at 750░C. ODMR measurements with above-band-gap excitation show that two spin-triplet (S=1) states with a weak axial character are detected via each PL line in these bands. One of these two triplet states can be selectively excited with the excitation energy of the corresponding PL line. These triplet signals can therefore be detected separately and only then can the well documented and characteristic hyperfine interaction of the silicon vacancy in SiC be resolved. Considering the correlation between the irradiation dose and the signal strength, the well established annealing temperature and the characteristic hyperfine pattern, we suggest that this PL band is related to the isolated silicon vacancy in 4H and 6H SiC. The spin state (S=1) implies a charge state of the vacancy with an even number of electrons. By combining the knowledge from complementary electron-spin resonance measurements and theoretical calculations we hold the neutral charge state for the strongest candidate. ⌐2000 The American Physical Society.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
