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- Blomqvist, Olof, 1990-
(author)
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I want to stay : Local community and prisoners of war at the dawn of the eighteenth century
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation is about war captivity in the early eighteenth century. It is also about the ways in which early modern local communities negotiated their boundaries towards the outside world. The resident populations’ interaction with prisoners of war (POWs) offers unique perspectives on how local communities handled wartime migrants. The dissertation studies three towns forced to receive POWs during the Great Northern War: Aarhus, in the kingdom of Denmark, Torgau in the electorate of Saxony and Uppsala in the kingdom of Sweden. It represents the first attempt to situate this conflict within the larger field of research on early modern war captivity. The dissertation uses a broad range of sources—including official correspondence, POW muster rolls, town council minutes and parish records—to reconstruct the movements and actions of individual POWs. These reconstructions show how their position in the community changed over time, a perspective that represents a distinctly new approach for studying early modern war captivity. The results underline that the local community played a crucial role in organising war captivity and, consequently, how the situation of the POWs became closely intertwined with other challenges facing the community at the time. The state strove to delegate costs and administrative responsibilities associated with housing, supporting and guarding POWs. These attempts were a forceful claim on local resources. Thus, the administration of war captivity was part of an ongoing negotiation regarding the relationship between the local community and the state. At the same time, the everyday interactions of war captivity were shaped by the fact that the status of POW lacked distinct social and legal meaning in the local context. The state showed little interest in regulating the POWs’ relationship to local institutions, such as the congregation and the legal system, leaving such questions to be negotiated on the local level. With little or no previous experience of interacting with POWs, the local community treated these people much the same as well-known and already established social groups, such as billeted soldiers and servants. The POWs’ position in the community was therefore not a great deal different from that of other groups of migrants, and the level of local belonging which POWs were able to achieve depended fundamentally on their individual ability to live up to local social norms. Of particular importance was the fact that POWs were employed in local households as servants, which provided them with a widely accepted social position in the community. However, building up a local social network, cultivating relationships with influential local patrons and marrying a local woman were processes that took time, generally requiring that the POW was able to remain in the community for several years.The experience of war captivity in Aarhus, Torgau and Uppsala demonstrates how a stranger could relatively easily achieve a basic degree of belonging in early modern towns. The threshold to full belonging, however, was steep. The dissertation argues that, particularly in Aarhus and Uppsala, the war served as an engine of social integration. Wartime mobilisation of economic and human resources destabilised these communities, creating vacant social and economic niches which some POWs were able to fill.
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- Folkesson, Pontus, 1990-
(author)
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Att skola en stormakt : Framväxten av 1600-talets skolsystem genom lokalsamhällets aktörer
- 2024
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis shows how Swedish urban schools were reformed, expanded and developed into a school system following the 1649 school curriculum. While previous research has emphasized different educational needs within the context of normative school curriculum or in relation to the emerging power of the state, this study argues that the expansion of urban schools must be understood as a response to local community actors and their interests. Gustav II Adolf's school reform comprised a resource-saving reorganisation. In spite of this reform, urban schools expanded, with the crown finally assuming the financial responsibility for the kingdom's schools in 1649. This study examines the reasons for this using the diocesan towns of Västerås and Strängnäs and the market towns of Arboga, Nyköping, Södertälje and Örebro.By using a wide range of source material, including school regulations, royal correspondence, cathedral copy books, matriculation registers and especially accounts, this book analyses the development of urban schools. Starting from the schools' funding and how that funding was used, the study identifies different actors and their interests. The involvement of the local community, which responded to the school reforms and their educational interests, explains the expansion of urban schools between 1620 to 1649.The results show that local community actors, such as bishops, the bourgeoisie, urban vicars and schoolmasters, played a crucial role in establishing and maintaining urban schools. In contrast to previous research, which has considered the growth of the state to be the result of negotiations between local actors and a central elite, the expansion of the urban schools up to 1649 should be seen as a reaction of local community actors to the state's reduction of resources. The bourgeoisie and bishops then acted to reshape the original school reform that Gustav II Adolf had presented in 1620.Rather than an unambiguous top-down or bottom-up process, the expansion of schools up to 1649 can be explained as the result of an interweaving of negotiations, conflicts and restructuring at different levels of society. These interactions led to a gradual hierarchization of existing schools in the kingdom's towns, which were then incorporated into a new school system.The political influence of the bourgeoisie was manifested by the preservation of the schools in the market towns; at the same time, their educational goals were incorporated into a common curriculum and school type for the entire kingdom, trivialskolan. The bishops successfully ran their prestige projects, gymnasieskolorna, which significantly strengthened the finances of the dioceses and made the diocesan towns prominent centers of education. At the same time, the crown's influence over urban schools increased. Thus, the expansion of the kingdom's schools up to 1649 can be regarded as a compromise of several actors’ interests.The results of this thesis show how the bourgeoisie and the clergy succeeded in manifesting their political influence, which was usually formulated outside the more institutional contexts of the Riksdag. The schools functioned as arenas where local interests and resources were aggregated. The study provides new insights into how the schools' actors influenced and shaped political decisions and processes, which were in turn significant for the overall social development of the early modern towns and the formation of the state in 17th-century Sweden.
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- Friberg, Tora, et al.
(author)
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Re-reading time-geography from a feminist perspective : Gendered mobility
- 2009
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Time-geography has by some feminist scholars been accused not taking gender relation, domination or power in consideration when analyzing the use of time and space. In this paper we argue that time-geography provides a useful set of analytical tools which successfully collaborate with social science theory as feminist studies. In a project called “Re-reading time-geography from a feminist perspective”, labour force mobility is, specially commuting, one important issue, for analysing women’s time-space use and identify what constraints might be found in organizing every-day life. We put emphasis on that time-geography might provide feminist studies with a close, empathic and micro-levelled interventional approach in order to make obstacles and constraint visible and thereby changeable. This paper is based on previous and ongoing research on commuting and transport. We hope to prove why time-geography should be reconsidered as an approach with several sets of useful methods to describe and analyse women’s every-day life’s struggles and possibilities in times when mobility and transports has become an undisputed factor of everyday life.
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- Friberg, Tora, et al.
(author)
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Re-reading time-geography, Genus och speglingar av makt i tidrummet
- 2009
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In: ACSIS konferens Kultur~Natur 17 juni, Linköpings universitet, Norrköping, Sweden.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Kultur och natur uppfattas ofta som en dikotomi. Det finns andra synsätt som betonar beroendet dem emellan. Geografiämnet har både en natur- och en kulturdel, ibland sammanflätade ibland särade. Detta paper har fokus riktat mot tidsgeografin, en skolbildning inom geografin som på sitt specifika sätt binder ihop kultur och natur. Syftet är att tolka och pröva tidsgeografin utifrån ett genusperspektiv; vilka analysverktyg den kan erbjuda och på vilket sätt den skulle kunna vidareutvecklas.
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- Hermansson, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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DN Debatt: Klimatlagen kräver att regeringen ändrar politik
- 2022
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In: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Nästa år ska regeringen enligt klimatlagen presentera en handlingsplan för hur Sverige ska nå klimatmålen. Minst ett dussin myndigheter har bidragit med underlag. Men inte ens om samtliga förslag i dessa rapporter genomförs kommer det att räcka för att fylla det gap som har uppstått med den nya regeringens politik, skriver Klimatpolitiska rådet.
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- Hermansson, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Klimatpolitiska rådets rapport 2023
- 2023
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Stigande halter av växthusgaser i atmosfären har rubbat balansen i jordens klimatsystem vilket har medfört en snabbt stigande global medeltemperatur. Den globala uppvärmningen ligger nu på drygt 1,1 grader jämfört med förindustriell tid. Utöver högre temperaturer har detta lett till fler extrema väderhändelser, smältande isar och stigande havsnivåer. De ekologiska, ekonomiska och sociala effekterna av klimatförändringarna blir allt påtagligare.
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