| 1. |
- Sandberg, Anette, et al.
(author)
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Children's participation in preschool : on the conditions of the adults? Preschool staff's concepts of children's participation in preschool everyday life
- 2010
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In: Early Child Development and Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 180:5, s. 619-631
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate, analyse and describe preschool staff's concepts of children's participation in everyday preschool life, as well as preschool staff's experiences and concepts of what characterises the children who participate. Furthermore, it addresses the conditions that preschool staff consider as crucial in promoting children's participation in preschool. This study has a mixed methods design in which the definitions of participation given by preschool staff were initially analysed using a qualitative content analysis approach. The definitions provided by the preschool teams were then matched to interviews with staff from 20 preschools. Results from the questionnaire show that self-determination and management of everyday life are strong indicators for high participation according to the staff. The interview results show that preschool staff share the understanding that giving children a sense of coherence and comprehension of their surrounding world consequently supports children's management of and participation in everyday life in preschool.
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| 2. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(author)
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Papporna och motiven : Den svenska föräldraledigheten i ett geografiskt perspektiv
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet var att undersöka attityder, beteendemönster och erfarenheter hos föräldrapar i två län, när det gäller uttag av föräldrapenning. I de ingående länen har Västerbotten det högsta och Skåne det lägsta uttaget av föräldrapenning bland fäder. Två kommuner med högt och lågt föräldrapenninguttag bland fäder studerades i respektive län, Umeå och Lycksele samt Lund och Tomelilla. Metodologin var inspirerad av grounded theory. Data omfattade 32 intervjuer med fäder och mödrar, 20 intervjuer med nyckelpersoner inom Försäkringskassan, mödravården, kommunen och företag samt statistik över kommunernas befolknings- och näringslivsstruktur. Intervjuerna genomfördes under 2008. Resultaten visar ett tydligare mönster av mer traditionell arbetsdelning av hushållssysslorna bland Skåne- jämfört med Västerbottensparen. Samma mönster gäller även vid jämförelse mellan kommunerna med lågt respektive högt uttag. En mer positiv attityd till föräldraförsäkringen finns i kommunerna med högt föräldrapenninguttag bland fäder jämfört med de med lågt uttag. En förklaring kan vara att förändringar tenderar att uppträda först i heterogena miljöer med en relativt ung och välutbildad befolkning där olika normsystem konkurrerar med varandra, vilket gäller Umeå och Lund. I Västerbotten har Försäkringskassan, landstinget och företag haft kampanjer för män under 1990-talet vilket sannolikt har bidragit positivt till fäders uttag. Fäder i de bägge länen uttrycker positiva upplevelser av att ha varit föräldralediga. Ett dominerande intryck är att arbetsgivarna har en tillåtande attityd till fäders önskan om att vara föräldralediga.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(author)
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Parental leave in Sweden : Motives, perceptions and gender equality among parents
- 2010
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper investigated Swedish parents’ motives for, experiences of and gender equality in relation to paid parental leave. The purpose was to explore similarities and differences in attitudes and experiences between parents in the two regions in Sweden with the largest difference in paid parental leave use among fathers. Data were drawn from interviews completed in 2008 with 16 heterosexual couples with a child born 2005 or 2006. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed according to grounded theory. In terms of experiences of the leave, a positive similarity in the study was that the couples described that they got to know the child better. Some negative similarities were that they felt they were alone and restricted. Primarily, the fathers in the northern part, focused on the lack of male networks. A traditional division of labor was a stronger pattern among couples in the southern region compared with the couples in the northern region. Tendencies are indicated towards an increased child-orientation, which could be connected with a change in hegemonic masculinity. In conclusion, the differences discovered between the four communities may to a great extent be depending on a cultural lag. This implied that change in values tend to take place first in social environments with multiple heterogeneous actors.
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| 5. |
- Almqvist, Anna-Lena, et al.
(author)
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Parental leave in Sweden : Motives, experiences and gender equality among parents – focusing fathers
- 2010
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In: XVII ISA World Congress of Sociology, Sociology on the Move. ; , s. 12-12
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose was to explore similarities and differences in motives, experiences and gender equality between parents in two municipalities (one smaller than the other) in each of the two counties in Sweden with the largest difference in paid parental leave use among fathers. Data were drawn from interviews in 2008 with 16 heterosexual couples with a child born 2005 or 2006. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed inspired by grounded theory. A positive similarity was that couples experienced that they got to know the child better. Negative similarities were that mothers and fathers occasionally felt alone and restricted, fathers emphasized lack of male networks. Traditional division of household labor is a stronger pattern among couples in the southern county compared with couples in the northern county. Tendencies are towards increased child-orientation among fathers, which could connect to change in hegemonic masculinity, not necessarily related to increased gender equality in household labor. Differences may depend on that changes in values tend to first occur in heterogeneous social environments, such as the larger municipalities. In the northern county, extensive campaigns have been held during the 1990s to encourage men’s use of paid parental leave, which may have contributed to regional difference.
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| 6. |
- Almqvist, Lena, et al.
(author)
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The concepts of participation, engagement and flow : A matter of creating optimal play experiences
- 2007
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In: South African Journal of Occuptional Therapy. - : South African Association of Occupational Therapists. - 0038-2337. ; 37:7, s. 8-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Positive functioning relates to the ability to live a good and healthy life, but for children with special needs, this might be compromised and therefore factors related to positive functioning should be explored. As their restrictions concern a variety of general life situations including issues such as peer group interaction, participation, autonomy and self-determination, the focus should be on the children’s capabilities when they act in their natural environments. Functional abilities and the creation of opportunities in a challenging environment are optimal for new learning to take place, leading the child towards a positive end point. This article analyses constructs of engagement, participation and flow, indicating their interrelatedness and association to positive functioning. Outcomes change and unfold over time, indicating that functioning should be considered dynamic, context-dependent, culturally and historically conditioned. The article concludes with a suggested model for intervention to enhance positive functioning of children with special needs.
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| 7. |
- Asp, Gustav, et al.
(author)
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Associations between mass media exposure and birth preparedness among women in southwestern Uganda: a community-based survey.
- 2014
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In: Global Health Action. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1654-9880 .- 1654-9716. ; 7:1, s. 1-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background : Exposure to mass media provides increased awareness and knowledge, as well as changes in attitudes, social norms and behaviors that may lead to positive public health outcomes. Birth preparedness (i.e. the preparations for childbirth made by pregnant women, their families, and communities) increases the use of skilled birth attendants (SBAs) and hence reduces maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective : The aim of this study was to explore the association between media exposure and birth preparedness in rural Uganda. Method : A total of 765 recently delivered women from 120 villages in the Mbarara District of southwest Uganda were selected for a community-based survey using two-stage cluster sampling. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed with generalized linear mixed models using SPSS 21. Results : We found that 88.6% of the women surveyed listened to the radio and 33.9% read newspapers. Birth preparedness actions included were money saved (87.8%), identified SBA (64.3%), identified transport (60.1%), and purchased childbirth materials (20.7%). Women who had taken three or more actions were coded as well birth prepared (53.9%). Women who read newspapers were more likely to be birth prepared (adjusted OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5-3.2). High media exposure, i.e. regular exposure to radio, newspaper, or television, showed no significant association with birth preparedness (adjusted OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.9-2.0). Conclusion : Our results indicate that increased reading of newspapers can enhance birth preparedness and skilled birth attendance. Apart from general literacy skills, this requires newspapers to be accessible in terms of language, dissemination, and cost.
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Entrepreneurial Learning in Education : Preschool as a Take-Off for the Entrepreneurial Self
- 2015
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In: Journal of Education and Training. - : Macrothink Institute, Inc.. - 2330-9709. ; 2:2, s. 40-58
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recently the phenomenon of entrepreneurship by political aspirations has entered the school setting. This is a world-wide development affecting education in practice and theory. In 2009 the Swedish Government launched a strategy stating that entrepreneurship should run like a common thread through the educational system. Since childhood is considered the ideal stage to influence attitudes towards entrepreneurship, and preschool constitutes the beginning of this publicly imposed “red thread”, this setting is of particular interest. In school practice the concept of entrepreneurship is translated into entrepreneurial learning. In this study we seek to investigate what characterises entrepreneurial learning in a preschool context according to preschool teachers by conducting both critical incident questionnaires and an in-depth interview using stimulated recall method. The empirical results suggest that entrepreneurial learning has developed the preschool teachers’ educational discussions and has affected the children’s entrepreneurial skills. Further, when analysing the material as to what supports and hinders a positive entrepreneurial learning situation, four main themes emerged: ongoing reflection, active participation, a meaningful learning situation and a tolerant atmosphere.
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