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- Giacobbo, B., et al.
(author)
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Social stress-dependent changes on behavior and inflammatory parameters in animals with HPA-axis disruption
- 2020
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In: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 47:Suppl.1, s. S639-S640
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Aim/Introduction: Chronic stress is associated with aderegulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary adrenal (HPA)axis and can result in behavioral abnormalities, such asdepressive behavior. Adrenalectomy (ADX) inhibits theproduction and release of corticosterone, impairingthe response towards stressors, and thus may preventstress-induced depressive behavior. We aim to determinebehavioral and neuroinflammatory effects of HPA-axisdisruption via bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) in animalssubmitted to repeated social defeat (RSD).Materials and Methods: 8-weeks old male Wistar rats were dividedinto four groups: ADX+RSD; ADX+Control; Sham+RSD;Sham+Control. Seven days after ADX surgery, animals weresubmitted to a 5 days RSD or Control protocols. One- andtwo days after the last RSD trial, animals went through anopen field and social interaction test, respectively. 14 daysafter RSD, animals went through a 30 minutes [11C]-PBR28scan for microglia activation. Multifactorial ANOVA wasperformed for statistical assessment.Results: There was asignificant effect of RSD (p=0.038) and ADX (p=0.049) onthe social interaction of the animals, as well as an interactionbetween surgery and RSD (p=0.042). Post-hoc analysisshowed a significantly lower social interaction of Sham+RSDwhen compared with the other groups (vs. Control+ADX,p=0.032; Control+Sham, p=0.023; ADX+RSD, p=0.035).Open field analysis showed no anxiety-like behavior norlocomotion effect of RSD or ADX (p>0.05). Microglialactivation assessed through [11C]-PBR28 also showed noeffect of RSD or ADX (p>0.05).Conclusion: HPA-axis signalingdisruption is able to counterbalance the impairment on thesocial behavior of these animals. In contrast, no effects ofADX or RSD were observed in other behavioral paradigms.Neuroinflammation was also not observed two weeks afterthe RSD, suggesting that the inflammatory response ofmicroglial cells is too mild to be detected by PET or thatneuroinflammation was only transient and already resolvedat the time of measurement.References: None
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- Sarin, Heikki V., et al.
(author)
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Resistance Training Induces Antiatherogenic Effects on Metabolomic Pathways
- 2019
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In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 51:9, s. 1866-1875
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction Arising evidence suggests that resistance training has the potential to induce beneficial modulation of biomarker profile. To date, however, only immediate responses to resistance training have been investigated using high-throughput metabolomics whereas the effects of chronic resistance training on biomarker profile have not been studied in detail. Methods A total of 86 recreationally active healthy men without previous systematic resistance training background were allocated into (i) a resistance training (RT) group (n = 68; age, 33 ± 7 yr; body mass index, 28 ± 3 kg·m-2) and (ii) a non-RT group (n = 18; age, 31 ± 4 yr; body mass index, 27 ± 3 kg·m-2). Blood samples were collected at baseline (PRE), after 4 wk (POST-4wk), and after 16 wk of resistance training intervention (POST-16wk), as well as baseline and after the non-RT period (20-24 wk). Nuclear magnetic resonance-metabolome platform was used to determine metabolomic responses to chronic resistance training. Results Overall, the resistance training intervention resulted in favorable alterations (P < 0.05) in body composition with increased levels of lean mass (2.8%), decreased levels of android (9.6%), and total fat mass (7.5%). These changes in body composition were accompanied by antiatherogenic alterations in serum metabolome profile (false discovery rate < 0.05) as reductions in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (e.g., free cholesterol, remnant cholesterol, intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterols) and related apolipoprotein B, and increments in conjugated linoleic fatty acids levels were observed. Individuals with the poorest baseline status (i.e., body composition, metabolome profile) benefitted the most from the resistance training intervention. Conclusions In conclusion, resistance training improves cardiometabolic risk factors and serum metabolome even in previously healthy young men. Thus, suggesting attenuated risk for future cardiovascular disease.
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