| 1. |
- Bothmann, Enrico, et al.
(author)
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A standard convention for particle-level Monte Carlo event-variation weights
- 2023
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In: SciPost Physics Core. - 2666-9366. ; 6:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Streams of event weights in particle-level Monte Carlo event generators are a convenient and immensely CPU-efficient approach to express systematic uncertainties in phenomenology calculations, providing systematic variations on the nominal prediction within a single event sample. But the lack of a common standard for labelling these variation streams across different tools has proven to be a major limitation for event-processing tools and analysers alike. Here we propose a well-defined, extensible community standard for the naming, ordering, and interpretation of weight streams that will serve as the basis for semantically correct parsing and combination of such variations in both theoretical and experimental studies.
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| 2. |
- Buckley, Andy, et al.
(author)
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General-purpose event generators for LHC physics
- 2011
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In: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573. ; 504:5, s. 145-233
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We review the physics basis, main features and use of general-purpose Monte Carlo event generators for the simulation of proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Topics included are: the generation of hard scattering matrix elements for processes of interest, at both leading and next-to-leading QCD perturbative order; their matching to approximate treatments of higher orders based on the showering approximation; the parton and dipole shower formulations; parton distribution functions for event generators; non-perturbative aspects such as soft QCD collisions, the underlying event and diffractive processes; the string and cluster models for hadron formation; the treatment of hadron and tau decays; the inclusion of QED radiation and beyond Standard Model processes. We describe the principal features of the ARIADNE, Herwig++, PYTHIA 8 and SHERPA generators, together with the Rivet and Professor validation and tuning tools, and discuss the physics philosophy behind the proper use of these generators and tools. This review is aimed at phenomenologists wishing to understand better how parton-level predictions are translated into hadron-level events as well as experimentalists seeking a deeper insight into the tools available for signal and background simulation at the LHC. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Hoeche, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Matching Parton Showers and Matrix Elements
- 2005
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In: CERN Reports. - 0007-8328. - 9290832657 ; CERN-2005-014, s. 288-299
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We compare different procedures for combining fixed-order tree-level matrix element generators with parton showers. We use the case of W-production at the Tevatron and the LHC to compare different implementations of the so-called CKKW scheme and one based on the so-called MLM scheme using different matrix element generators and different parton cascades. We find that although similar results are obtained in all cases, there are important differences.
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