1. |
|
|
2. |
- Dahlgren, Lars-Ove, et al.
(author)
-
To be and to have a critical friend in medical teaching
- 2006
-
In: Medical Education. - : Wiley. - 0308-0110 .- 1365-2923. ; 40:1, s. 72-78
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND In order to stimulate reflection and continuous professional development, a model of critical friends evaluating each other was introduced in medical education. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the critical friend concept can serve as a pragmatic model for evaluation of medical teachers and as a fruitful tool for enhancing self-knowledge and professional development among medical educators. METHODS Three pairs of critical friends were formed, consisting of experienced medical teachers (n = 6) at the Karolinska Institutet. Each teacher was assigned to give 1 lecture and 1 seminar in his or her specific research or clinical field. The critical friend evaluated the performance in class, acting as an observer using a pre-formed protocol. The evaluation was communicated to the teacher during a 45-minute session within 48 hours after the teaching session. Each of the 6 teachers was criticised and gave criticism within the pair configurance. The outcome of the process was evaluated by an experimenter, not participating in the process, who performed a semistructured interview with each of the 6 teachers. RESULTS Each teacher had a different way of reflecting on teaching after the project than before and made changes in his or her way of teaching. We also noted that being a critical friend may be even more effective than having one. The majority of the feedback provided was positive and valuable. CONCLUSION To be and to have a critical friend is worth the extra workload. Therefore, the critical friend concept should be made part of regular teaching practice.
|
|
3. |
|
|
4. |
|
|
5. |
|
|
6. |
|
|
7. |
- Yamamoto, T., et al.
(author)
-
Changes in circulating biomarkers during a single hemodialysis session
- 2013
-
In: Hemodialysis International. - : Wiley. - 1492-7535 .- 1542-4758. ; 17:1, s. 59-66
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The hemodialysis (HD) procedure induces an inflammatory response potentially contributing to cardiovascular disease. Here we investigated the acute impact of HD on circulating biomarkers. Circulating biomarkers (small solutes, middle molecular-sized peptides, and proteins) related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular calcification (VC) were measured before and after a single session of HD in 45 clinically stable patients. Concentrations were corrected for ultrafiltration-induced hemoconcentration. Among vascular calcification-related biomarkers, osteoprotegerin and fetuin-A remained unchanged while fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) decreased by -19%. Changes of FGF23 and changes of phosphate correlated (ρ=0.61, P<0.001). While C-reactive protein did not change, interleukin-6 (IL-6) increased by 14% and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) increased by 45%. IL-6 and PTX3 appear to be valid biomarkers of the intradialytic inflammatory response. VC-related markers were in general not affected by the single HD session; however, the observed correlation between acute changes of FGF-23 and phosphate during HD warrants further studies.
|
|
8. |
|
|
9. |
|
|
10. |
|
|