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- Sgouros, D., et al.
(author)
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Dermatoscopic features of thin (<= 2 mm Breslow thickness) vs. thick (>2 mm Breslow thickness) nodular melanoma and predictors of nodular melanoma versus nodular non-melanoma tumours: a multicentric collaborative study by the International Dermoscopy Society
- 2020
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In: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Wiley. - 0926-9959 .- 1468-3083. ; 34:11, s. 2541-2547
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Thin nodular melanoma (NM) often lacks conspicuous melanoma-specific dermatoscopic criteria and escapes clinical detection until it progresses to a thicker and more advanced tumour. Objective To investigate the dermatoscopic morphology of thin (<= 2 mm Breslow thickness) vs. thick (>2 mm) NM and to identify dermatoscopic predictors of its differential diagnosis from other nodular tumours. Methods Retrospective, morphological case-control study, conducted on behalf of the International Dermoscopy Society. Dermatoscopic images of NM and other nodular tumours from 19 skin cancer centres worldwide were collected and analysed. Results Overall, 254 tumours were collected (69 NM of Breslow thickness <= 2 mm, 96 NM >2 mm and 89 non-melanoma nodular lesions). Light brown coloration (50.7%) and irregular brown dots/globules (42.0%) were most frequently observed in <= 2 mm NMs. Multivariate analysis revealed that dotted vessels (3.4-fold), white shiny streaks (2.9-fold) and irregular blue structureless area (2.4-fold) were predictors for thinner NM compared to non-melanoma nodular tumours. Overall, irregular blue structureless area (3.4-fold), dotted vessels (4.6-fold) and serpentine vessels (1.9-fold) were predictors of all NM compared to non-melanoma nodular lesions. Limitations Absence of a centralized, consensus pathology review and cases selected form tertiary centres maybe not reflecting the broader community. Conclusions Our study sheds light into the dermatoscopic morphology of thin NM in comparison to thicker NM and could provide useful clues for its differential diagnosis from other non-melanoma nodular tumours.
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- Ovejas, J. D., et al.
(author)
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Halo effects in the low-energy scattering of 15 C with heavy targets
- 2020
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In: Acta Physica Polonica, Series B.. - 1509-5770 .- 0587-4254. ; 51:3, s. 731-736
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The neutron-rich carbon isotope 15C was postulated to be a halo nucleus (Sn = 1215 keV, S2n = 9395 keV) according to different high-energy experiments. If so, it would be the only halo nucleus exhibiting a "pure" s-wave structure of the ground state. At low collision energies, the effect of this halo structure should manifest as a strong absorption pattern in the angular distribution of the elastic cross section, with a total suppression of the nuclear rainbow due to the large neutron transfer and breakup probabilities, enhanced by the halo configuration. The IS619 experiment, carried out at the HIE-ISOLDE facility at CERN (Switzerland), is the first dynamical study of this nucleus at energies around the Coulomb barrier. It aims to probe the halo structure via the measurement of the elastic cross section on a high-Z 208Pb target. Preliminary results of the elastic cross section are discussed and compared to Optical Model calculations.
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- Ovejas, J. D., et al.
(author)
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Study of the scattering of 15C at energies around the Coulomb barrier
- 2020
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In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 1643:1
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The neutron rich carbon isotope 15C is the only known case of an almost "pure"2s1/2 single-neutron halo ground state configuration. At collision energies around the Coulomb barrier the reaction dynamics is expected to be dominated by single neutron transfer and breakup. To investigate these effects, we have measured the scattering of 15C with a 208Pb target at 65 MeV at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN (Geneva, Switzerland). The preliminary data demonstrates the presence of a strong long-range absorption pattern in the angular distribution of the elastic cross section. The results are discussed in the framework of Optical Model calculations.
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- Dewaraja, Y. K., et al.
(author)
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MIRD Pamphlet No. 23: Quantitative SPECT for Patient-Specific 3-Dimensional Dosimetry in Internal Radionuclide Therapy
- 2012
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In: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 2159-662X. ; 53:8, s. 1310-1325
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In internal radionuclide therapy, a growing interest in voxel-level estimates of tissue-absorbed dose has been driven by the desire to report radiobiologic quantities that account for the biologic consequences of both spatial and temporal nonuniformities in these dose estimates. This report presents an overview of 3-dimensional SPECT methods and requirements for internal dosimetry at both regional and voxel levels. Combined SPECT/CT image-based methods are emphasized, because the CT-derived anatomic information allows one to address multiple technical factors that affect SPECT quantification while facilitating the patient-specific voxel-level dosimetry calculation itself. SPECT imaging and reconstruction techniques for quantification in radionuclide therapy are not necessarily the same as those designed to optimize diagnostic imaging quality. The current overview is intended as an introduction to an upcoming series of MIRD pamphlets with detailed radionuclide-specific recommendations intended to provide best-practice SPECT quantification-based guidance for radionuclide dosimetry.
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- Nedrow, J. R., et al.
(author)
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Pharmacokinetics, microscale distribution, and dosimetry of alpha-emitter-labeled anti-PD-L1 antibodies in an immune competent transgenic breast cancer model
- 2017
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In: Ejnmmi Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2191-219X. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Studies combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with external beam radiation have shown a therapeutic advantage over each modality alone. The purpose of these works is to evaluate the potential of targeted delivery of high LET radiation to the tumor microenvironment via an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Methods: The impact of protein concentration on the distribution of In-111-DTPA-anti-PD-L1-BC, an In-111-antibody conjugate targeted to PD-L1, was evaluated in an immunocompetent mouse model of breast cancer. Ac-225-DOTA-anti-PD-L1-BC was evaluated by both macroscale (ex vivo biodistribution) and microscale (alpha-camera images at a protein concentration determined by the In-111 data. Results: The evaluation of In-111-DTPA-anti-PD-L1-BC at 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg highlighted the impact of protein concentration on the distribution of the labeled antibody, particularly in the blood, spleen, thymus, and tumor. Alpha-camera images for the microscale distribution of Ac-225-DOTA-anti-PD-L1-BC showed a uniform distribution in the liver while highly non-uniform distributions were obtained in the thymus, spleen, kidney, and tumor. At an antibody dose of 3 mg/kg, the liver was dose-limiting with an absorbed dose of 738 mGy/kBq; based upon blood activity concentration measurements, the marrow absorbed dose was 29 mGy/kBq. Conclusions: These studies demonstrate that Ac-225-DOTA-anti-PD-L1-BC is capable of delivering high LET radiation to PD-L1 tumors. The use of a surrogate SPECT agent, In-111-DTPA-anti-PD-L1-BC, is beneficial in optimizing the dose delivered to the tumor sites. Furthermore, an accounting of the microscale distribution of the antibody in preclinical studies was essential to the proper interpretation of organ absorbed doses and their likely relation to biologic effect.
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