| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Beheshti, Reza, et al.
(author)
-
Black Dross : Processing Salt Removal from Black Dross by Thermal Treatment
- 2014
-
In: JOM. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1047-4838 .- 1543-1851. ; 66:11, s. 2243-2252
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The salt removal from black dross by thermal treatment has experimentally been studied under different conditions in both a stationary resistance furnace and in a laboratory scale rotary furnace. The experiments were designed based on partial pressure calculations using the Thermo-Calc software (Thermo-Calc Software, Stockholm, Sweden). The salt removal efficiency was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction analyses, and the optimum conditions for treatment established, i.e., temperature, gas flow rate, holding time, rotation rate, and sample size. The overall degree of chloride removal was established to increase as a function of time and temperature, as well as by reduced pressure. Under atmospheric pressure, the highest degree of chloride removal from a 20 g sample was obtained after 10 h at 1523 K resulting in a 98% removal and a final chloride content of 0.3 wt.% in the residue. Under reduced pressure, the chloride concentrate was lowered to 0.2 wt.% after thermal treatment of a 20 g sample at 1473 K for 8 h. In the case of 200 g samples treated in a rotary furnace, the chloride concentrate was 2.5 wt.% after 14 h at 1523 K, representing a removal of 87%. Below 0.3 wt.% chloride content, the material is deemed a nonhazardous waste.
|
|
| 3. |
- Beheshti, Reza, et al.
(author)
-
Black Dross Processing : Utilization of Black Dross in the Production of a Ladle Fluxing Agent
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy. - : Springer. - 2199-3831 .- 2199-3823. ; 3:2, s. 265-273
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the present study, black dross (BD) residue, a hazardous by-product generated during secondary aluminum production, has been evaluated as a possible raw material for the production of a calcium aluminate-based ladle fluxing agent to be used in the steel industry. The thermally treated BD [pretreated black dross (PBD)] used as a starting material, consisted of approximately 49.5 ± 3.5 wt% alumina and 0.3 wt% chloride. The effects of different process parameters on the properties of the produced flux were experimentally investigated, i.e., the CaO/Al2O3 ratio, the sintering temperature and time, and the cooling medium. The prepared samples were all sintered in a rapid high-temperature inductive furnace, and later characterized by SEM–EDS, XRD, XRF, and DTA/TG analyses. Dissolution tests were also performed using a synthetic slag simulating the carryover. Based on the presently obtained results, it can be concluded that the utilization of PBD as the alumina source during the production of a calcium aluminate fluxing agent shows promising results, and the optimum process conditions were established to be 1523 K for 15 min as the sintering temperature and time, water as the cooling medium, and a CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 0.94. Utilizing PBD as a raw material in the production of a value-added product would significantly reduce the need for the disposal of BD as a waste, and thereby help to decrease the overall environmental impact. It would also provide economic benefit to both the steel and aluminum industry.
|
|
| 4. |
- Beheshti, Reza, et al.
(author)
-
Heat treatment of black dross for the production of a value added material - a preliminary study
- 2012
-
In: EPD Congress 2012. - Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781118291405 ; , s. 353-360
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The potential use of Black Dross (BD) as a raw material for the production of refractories, fluxing agents and glasses is the main motivation of the present study. Heat treatment experiments were carried out in Ar, and under reduced pressure (20 Pa), to evaluate the salt removal efficiency. The chemical composition of the BD after heat treatment was investigated by SEM-EDS and XRD analyses. Based on the present results, it is established that the salt starts to evaporate at ≈1273 K in Ar, and under reduced pressure. The salt removal efficiency in a 20 g sample was found to increase in both cases as a function of time and temperature. Moreover, in Ar the chlorine concentration was lowered to 0.3 wt% after heat treatment at 1523 K for 10 hours. Under reduced pressure, however, 0.2 wt% residual chlorine was obtained after 8 hours at 1473 K.
|
|
| 5. |
- Fatima, Ambrin, et al.
(author)
-
Monoallelic and bi-allelic variants in NCDN cause neurodevelopmental delay, intellectual disability, and epilepsy
- 2021
-
In: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Cell Press. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 108:4, s. 739-748
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neurochondrin (NCDN) is a cytoplasmatic neural protein of importance for neural growth, glutamate receptor (mGluR) signaling, and synaptic plasticity. Conditional loss of Ncdn in mice neural tissue causes depressive-like behaviors, impaired spatial learning, and epileptic seizures. We report on NCDN missense variants in six affected individuals with variable degrees of developmental delay, intellectual disability (ID), and seizures. Three siblings were found homozygous for a NCDN missense variant, whereas another three unrelated individuals carried different de novo missense variants in NCDN. We assayed the missense variants for their capability to rescue impaired neurite formation in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells depleted of NCDN. Overexpression of wild-type NCDN rescued the neurite-phenotype in contrast to expression of NCDN containing the variants of affected individuals. Two missense variants, associated with severe neurodevelopmental features and epilepsy, were unable to restore mGluR5-induced ERK phosphorylation. Electrophysiological analysis of SH-SY5Y cells depleted of NCDN exhibited altered membrane potential and impaired action potentials at repolarization, suggesting NCDN to be required for normal biophysical properties. Using available transcriptome data from human fetal cortex, we show that NCDN is highly expressed in maturing excitatory neurons. In combination, our data provide evidence that bi-allelic and de novo variants in NCDN cause a clinically variable form of neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy, highlighting a critical role for NCDN in human brain development.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Kennedy, Mark W., et al.
(author)
-
Analytical and Experimental Validation of Electromagnetic Simulations Using COMSOL®, re Inductance, Induction Heating and Magnetic Fields
- 2011
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a snap shot of experimental work, which has been conducted at NTNU on billet heating with induction coils. A significant volume of experimental data have been collected for coils running with up to 0.2T: high accuracy Hall probe readings (+/-1%), metal conductivity (+/-0.5%), and heat generation (+/- 4%) have been collected.Results are analyzed using newly developed analytical models and COMSOL 2D axial symmetric models. Agreement is exceptionally good for both magnetic field strength/distribution and induced heating in the aluminium billets.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kennedy, Mark William, et al.
(author)
-
Characterization of Ceramic Foam Filters Used for Liquid Metal Filtration
- 2013
-
In: Metallurgical and materials transactions. B, process metallurgy and materials processing science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1073-5615 .- 1543-1916. ; 44:3, s. 671-690
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the current study, the morphology including tortuosity, and the permeability of 50-mm thick commercially available 30, 40, 50, and 80 pores per inch (PPI) alumina ceramic foam filters (CFFs) have been investigated. Measurements have been taken of cell (pore), window, and strut sizes, porosity, tortuosity, and liquid permeability. Water velocities from similar to 0.015 to 0.77 m/s have been used to derive both first-order (Darcy) and second-order (Non-Darcy) terms for being used with the Forchheimer equation. Measurements were made using 49-mm "straight through" and 101-mm diameter "expanding flow field" designs. Results from the two designs are compared with calculations made using COMSOL 4.2a(A (R)) 2D axial symmetric finite element modeling (FEM), as a function of velocity and filter PPI. Permeability results are correlated using directly measurable parameters and compared with the previously published results. Development of improved wall sealing (49 mm) and elimination of wall effects (101 mm) have led to a high level of agreement between experimental, analytic, and FEM methods (+/- 0 to 7 pct on predicted pressure drop) for both types of experiments. Tortuosity has been determined by two inductive methods, one using cold-solidified samples at 60 kHz and the other using liquid metal at 50 Hz, giving comparable results.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
