| 1. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Sikkema, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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An integrated cell atlas of the lung in health and disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Nature. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 29:6, s. 1563-1577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-cell technologies have transformed our understanding of human tissues. Yet, studies typically capture only a limited number of donors and disagree on cell type definitions. Integrating many single-cell datasets can address these limitations of individual studies and capture the variability present in the population. Here we present the integrated Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA), combining 49 datasets of the human respiratory system into a single atlas spanning over 2.4 million cells from 486 individuals. The HLCA presents a consensus cell type re-annotation with matching marker genes, including annotations of rare and previously undescribed cell types. Leveraging the number and diversity of individuals in the HLCA, we identify gene modules that are associated with demographic covariates such as age, sex and body mass index, as well as gene modules changing expression along the proximal-to-distal axis of the bronchial tree. Mapping new data to the HLCA enables rapid data annotation and interpretation. Using the HLCA as a reference for the study of disease, we identify shared cell states across multiple lung diseases, including SPP1 + profibrotic monocyte-derived macrophages in COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis and lung carcinoma. Overall, the HLCA serves as an example for the development and use of large-scale, cross-dataset organ atlases within the Human Cell Atlas.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bradley, Steven W., et al.
(författare)
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Resources, environmental change, and survival : Asymmetric paths of young independent and subsidiary organizations
- 2011
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Ingår i: Strategic Management Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0143-2095 .- 1097-0266. ; 32:5, s. 486-509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using an evolutionary model and a sample of 7,166 firms in the manufacturing and technology sectors of Sweden, we find that surviving organizations founded independent of a parent organization have lower long-term failure rates than their protected subsidiary counterparts. Specifically, we find that subsidiary organizations have low mortality rates when compared to independent organizations, but that their mortality rates increase more rapidly during a severe economic downturn. We also find evidence that surviving independent organizations are more capable than subsidiary organizations of using their resources to reduce mortality rates during an environmental jolt. Overall, our findings strengthen the notion that organizational adaptation is linked not only to ecological and strategic processes but also to organizational structure.
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| 6. |
- Bradley, Steven W., et al.
(författare)
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Swinging a double-edged sword : The effect of slack on entrepreneurial management and growth
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Venturing. - : Elsevier. - 0883-9026 .- 1873-2003. ; 26:5, s. 537-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resource slack represents a double-edged sword, simultaneously fueling and hindering growth. Drawing on Penrose's growth theory and Stevenson's entrepreneurial management theory, we have developed and tested a conceptual model that provides a more nuanced account of the resource slack–growth relationship. Using a large dataset spanning six years, we have found that slack has a positive direct effect on growth but a negative effect on entrepreneurial management, and that entrepreneurial management has a positive effect on growth. Our empirical and conceptual findings are important to the development of firm growth theory and explicate causal mechanisms transforming slack into firm-level outcomes.
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| 7. |
- Bradley, Steven W., et al.
(författare)
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The importance of slack for new organizations facing 'tough' environments
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Management Studies. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-2380 .- 1467-6486. ; 48:5, s. 1071-1097
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Strategy-based models centre on the management of unique and valuable resources to take advantage of specific market opportunities. Less examined in this approach are the roles of slack resources in the process of generating firm value – particularly for new firms in ‘tough’ environments where fewer opportunities are available. Using a cohort panel of 951 new manufacturing firms over nine years, our findings provide evidence for the importance of financial slack resources in understanding opportunity generation and also for reconciling theoretical arguments regarding the slack resource–performance link. We find that while financial slack does provide buffering capacity (in hostile and dynamic environments), and flexibility for experimentation (in munificent and dynamic environments) as suggested by prior theory, the most positive relationship between financial slack and performance for new firms was in low discretion environments (hostile and stable environments) – where firms need to develop their own opportunities. The implications of these findings for theory are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Bruns, Volker, et al.
(författare)
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The role of human capital in loan officers' decision policies
- 2016
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Ingår i: Decision making in entrepreneurship. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781784716035 ; , s. 315-336
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a human-capital perspective and the similarity-attraction paradigm, we examine the role of general and specific human capital in the decision policies of 114 Swedish loan officers in their assessments of small-business loan requests. We found that human capital characteristics had marginal impact on decision policy contingencies and that specific human capital had no significant influence on the probability of loan approval. However, we did find that the similarity between the loan officers’ human capital and the pplicants’ human capital was a significant indicator of loan approval. The findings offer interesting insight into the heterogeneity of loan decision processes and outcomes and future research opportunities are suggested.
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, Tomas
(författare)
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Business Plans in New Ventures : An Institutional Perspective
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is about business plans in new ventures. It takes an institutional perspective with a particular focus on how external actors influence ventures through norms, regulations and way of thinking. Through an intensive study of six new ventures at a business incubator, and a structured, computer-aided analysis, this study probes the following questions: How are new ventures influenced to write business plans, and what sources influence them? What strategies do new ventures use to deal with those influences? What are the consequences of the chosen strategies? The findings show that entrepreneurs hold strong pre-understandings generated through books and their educational backgrounds. This influences their decisions to write business plans. This pre-understanding may be stronger than the actual external pressure to write the plan. This is indicated by two observations. First, the studied entrepreneurs write business plans before meeting with external constituents. The external constituents attach some importance to written business plans, but they do not consider plans crucial. Second, new venture managers loose couple the plan from their actual operations. Even the ones with the best intentions to consistently update the plan do not do it. They indicate that their business model develops too quickly and that they want to focus on doing business instead of writing about it. We may think that inconsistency between the plan and actual operations may aggravate stakeholders. However, entrepreneurs do not show their business plan to many external actors. Moreover, the external actors in this study rarely demand having a look at a business plan. Neither do they check to see if it is an updated one. The internal consistency of new ventures may be difficult and costly to investigate, and loose coupling could be conducted without loss of legitimacy. It is performance of the venture rather than formal appropriateness that drives legitimacy. Theoretically, this study develops a framework for understanding why new ventures write business plans (despite their questionable effects on efficiency and legitimacy). Companies are influenced by the ease and norms about business plans. In this way, their bounded choice to adopt the business plan institution becomes rational. The symbolic adoption of a business plan also generates a mimetic pressure for adoption, since mimicry often does not hinge on in-depth investigation of the mimicked organization.
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