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- Yeddu, Hemantha Kumar, et al.
(author)
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Multi-length scale modeling of martensitic transformations in stainless steels
- 2012
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In: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 60:19, s. 6508-6517
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the present work a multi-length scale model is developed to study both the athermal and stress-assisted martensitic transformations in a single crystal of 301 type stainless steel. The microstructure evolution is simulated using elastoplastic phase-field simulations in three dimensions. The input data for the simulations is acquired from a combination of computational techniques and experimental works. The driving force for the transformation is calculated by using the CALPHAD technique and the elastic constants of the body-centered cubic phase are calculated by using ab initio method. The other input data is acquired from experimental works. The simulated microstructures resemble a lath-type martensitic microstructure, which is in good agreement with the experimental results obtained for a stainless steel of similar composition. The martensite habit plane predicted by the model is in accordance with experimental results. The Magee effect, i.e. formation of favorable martensite variants depending on the loading conditions, is observed in the simulations. The results also indicate that anisotropic loading conditions give rise to a significant anisotropy in the martensitic microstructure.
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- Kania, Magdalena, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Older active users of ICTs make sense of their engagement
- 2017
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In: Seminar.net. - 1504-4831. ; 13:1, s. 1-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research on older people’s ICT usage tends to focus on either the ways in which they go about learning to use these technologies or the impact that ICTs have on their lives. This research seems, in other words, to take for granted that older people are ‘digital immigrants’ as the digital divide debate proposed. Research that specifically looks at the ways in which older ICT users make sense of their engagement with these technologies is still limited. This article explores therefore – through focus group interviews – how a group of older people who are active ICT users make sense of their ‘digital nativeness’. The analysis shows that the interviewees are well aware that their ICT proficiency differentiated them from their peers, which is why they make sense of their ICT usage by making reference to the issues that make them ‘exceptional’ older people. These include the fact that they have used computers for many years and therefore made ICT usage an everyday habit early on; the fact that most older people do not have the skills that they themselves have, which is why they feel the need to share them with others; and the fact that their lifelong experience means they can use these technologies in judicious ways. By bringing attention to how older active ICT users make sense of their engagement, this article contributes to the notion of the digital spectrum and the debate on the inequalities that ICT proficiency brings about.
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- Vancheri, Federico, et al.
(author)
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Effect of Age on Left Ventricular Global Dyssynchrony in Asymptomatic Individuals : A Population Study
- 2016
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In: Echocardiography. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0742-2822 .- 1540-8175. ; 33:7, s. 977-983
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Aim: Left ventricular (LV) segmental dyssynchrony is common in patients with heart failure or myocardial activation abnormalities and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Total isovolumic time (t-IVT) and Tei index are sensitive indexes of global ventricular dyssynchrony. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on t-IVT and Tei index. Methods: We evaluated 410 individuals with no evidence for coronary heart disease or activation abnormalities. T-IVT was calculated as 60 - (total ejection time + total filling time) and Tei index as t-IVT/total ejection time. The relationship between age, LV systolic and diastolic function parameters as well as t-IVT and Tei index was studied. Results: Ejection fraction and stroke volume did not change with age, whereas early diastolic filling velocity fell and atrial systolic velocity increased, reducing the E/A ratio. Isovolumic contraction time (IVCT) and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) lengthened. With every 10 years of age, total LV ejection time shortened by 1.5 sec/min and total filling time by 2.1 sec/min. T-IVT and Tei index increased with age and strongly correlated with IVCT and E/A, but not with ejection fraction or QRS duration. Conclusion: Normal aging is associated with worsening of LV global dyssynchrony shown by prolongation of isovolumic times resulting in shortening of filling and ejection times. Age also affects diastolic function as shown by E/A but not systolic function parameters, ejection fraction or stroke volume. Worsening of global dyssynchrony correlates with that of diastolic function but not with QRS duration.
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- Westberg, Niklas, 1971-
(author)
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Sick in a New Way? : From Asperger Syndrome to Autism Spectrum Disorder
- 2017
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In: 13th Conference of the European Sociological Association. (Un)Making Europe: Capitalism, Solidarities, Subjectivities. - : European Sociological Association.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- “We Aspies has found our identity in our diagnosis and now it’s taken away” one could read in a Swedish newspaper in 2011. This was a response to the decision to eliminate Asperger Syndrome (AS) from the leading diagnostic classifications of mental illnesses and let the condition be included in the category of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). For people with AS this alteration in diagnostic classification had a strong impact on their everyday life, as subjectivities, solidarities within the aspies-community and relations to various agencies and collectives are now subjects for renegotiating.Grounded in an on-going study, involving interviews with 20 people with AS and analysis of an online community, the paper will focus on three questions: What symptoms, problems and sufferings are AS used to decipher in everyday life and how can these experiences be analysed from a sociological point of view? How does AS as a cultural category, embedded in psychiatric discourse, structure the feelings and explanations of mental suffering and what happens with this interpretative practice when the diagnosis is incorporated in ASD? In what ways does this change transform the conditions for AS as a resource for subjectivity, collectivisation of suffering, and management of feelings of social deviance?A goal with the research is also to contribute to the field of “sociology of diagnosis” in relation to an understanding of how psychiatry increasingly makes social interaction a subject for medicalization of human behaviour.© European Sociological Association, 2017
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