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1.
  • Jakobsson, Elin, et al. (author)
  • The use of everyday technology; a comparison of older persons with cognitive impairments' self-reports and their proxies' reports
  • 2021
  • In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 84:7, s. 446-455
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Introduction Older persons with cognitive impairment have often been disregarded in providing information on their own perceptions. This study explored the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies as perceived by persons with cognitive impairment in comparison with their proxies' estimates using the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Method In this cross-sectional study, persons with cognitive impairment (n = 21) and their proxies (n = 21) were interviewed on separate occasions with the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, which measures the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies. The data were analysed with t-tests, z-comparisons, and Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results At the group level, no significant differences were found between persons with cognitive impairments' perceptions and their proxies' estimates regarding the number of relevant everyday technologies or the ability to use everyday technologies. On the individual level, significant differences were found in the ability measures within four out of the 21 dyads. Conclusion The persons with cognitive impairment and their proxies verified each other's responses, providing evidence that persons with cognitive impairment should be the primary source for information about their own everyday technology use.
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2.
  • Özkirimli, Umut (author)
  • The Partisan
  • 2018
  • In: Ahval.
  • Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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3.
  • Lind, Johan, et al. (author)
  • Information, predation risk and foraging decisions during mobbing in great tits, Parus major
  • 2005
  • In: Ornis Fennica. - 0030-5685. ; 82, s. 89-96
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Tomaximise survival during foraging animalsmust decide when and for how long foraging should be interrupted in order to avoid predators. Previous experiments have shown that birds that hear other individuals’alarm calls resume feeding later than those that see a flying predator.However, the responses of prey animals to enemies are highly context-dependent. We therefore investigated how birds respond to a threat less serious than a flying hawk depending on different amount of information about the predator. We used Great Tits dyadswhere one individual saw a perchedmodel predator (sender), whereas the other individual could only hear the conspecific’s mobbing calls (receiver). The sender responded appropriately as shown by comparing their responses to how they responded to a control.We also found that while senders were exposed to the predator, receivers became more wary and reduced their activity level. However, despite the receivers having less information about predation risk they still did not prolong the time they took to resume foraging. Hence, once the mobbing ceased (and consequently the transmission of information about the predator stopped) therewas no effect of only having second-hand information. This also shows that receiver’s rely upon the sender’smobbing calls suggesting that mobbing calls may act as honest signals of the prevailing predation risk. In conclusion, our results support the view that responses of prey to predators are highly context-dependent and that birds’ anti-predator responses are a result of an interaction between the amount of information and the level of the threat.
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4.
  • Ahmad, Tashfeen (author)
  • Diabetic osteopathy : a study in the rat
  • 2003
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The present study on non-obese Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with type-2 diabetes and neuropathy was an attempt to describe and define pertinent features of diabetic osteopathy. Altogether, the study included 33 GK rats aged 12 and 20 months, and 36 age-matched Wistar rats as controls. All underwent test of glucose tolerance and nerve (sciatic) conduction velocity (NCV) showing that the diabetic rats had significantly higher blood glucose levels and lower NCV confirming the presence of diabetes and neuropathy. Skeletal features: Radiologic analysis of bone entailed X-ray, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT). In diabetic rats, the length of humerus and height of vertebrae was reduced by 8%. The long bones exhibited endosteal erosion of the diaphyses up to 18% and periosteal expansion up to 8%. The vertebrae and metaphyses of long bones showed a decrease up to 24% in areal bone mineral density (BMD), whereas no decrease was seen in the diaphyses. Cross-sectional measurements by pQCT showed a decrease in volumetric BMD ranging from 33 to 62%, which exclusively pertained to trabecular bone (vertebrae, metaphyses), whereas volumetric BMD of the cortical bone of diaphyses was only marginally affected. The results indicate that juxta-articular bone in diabetes is substantially weaker, whereas diaphyseal cortical bone may be even stronger. Over all, the observations suggest that the diabetic skeleton is characterized by regional changes, which cannot be explained by systemic factors like calcium regulating hormones. Local bone turn-over is regulated by complex mechanisms involving cytokines, prostaglandins, growth factors and, also neuropeptides. Further analysis focused on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and neuronal mediators in bone. IGF system: Immunoassays of IGF-I were done on serum, ankle samples and cortical preparations. In addition, the inhibitory IGF-I binding proteins, IGFBP-1 and -4 were analysed in serum. In diabetic rats, serum IGF-I was reduced by 18%, while IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-4 were increased by 89 and 20%, respectively. This complies with the lower BMD in the diabetic rats. In cortical bone, IGF-I was reduced by 38%, whereas no change was seen in ankles. The loss of IGF-I in cortical bone represents a novel finding. Given the cortical expansion observed in diabetic rats, the opposite was expected. Conceivably, loss of IGF-I results in endosteal erosion, which is compensated by periosteal expansion. Neuropeptides: The analyses focused on two sensory mediators, i.e. substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene- related peptide (CGRP), and one autonomic, i.e. neuropeptide Y (NPY). Immunohistochemistry was applied to ankles and tibial diaphyses, whereas radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used for separate preparations of periosteum, cortex and bone marrow from femur and tibia, whole ankles, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and lumbar spinal cord. The morphological analysis showed SP, CGRP and NPY positive nerve fibers in bone and joints, which mostly were blood vessel related, although free terminals were also seen. In addition, NPY-positive hematopoietic cells were observed in the bone marrow. RIA revealed a significant decrease of CGRP, albeit not of SP, in DRG (-26%) and spinal cord (-29%) in the diabetic rats. As for bone, only NPY was significantly reduced, most evidently in bone marrow (-66%), but also in cortical bone (-36%) and ankles (-29%). Given the bone anabolic effects of CGRP and NPY, loss of these neuropeptides may prove, at least partly, to underlie the trabecular osteopenia and endocortical erosion observed in diabetic rats. Conclusion: The skeleton of diabetic rats with type-2 diabetes and neuropathy is characterized by regional changes of size, form, mineral content and density and concomitantly with regional abnormalities of the IGF- system and neuropeptides suggesting that also local factors beyond systemic play an important role in the development of diabetic osteopathy.
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5.
  • Ahmad, T., et al. (author)
  • Frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction
  • 2020
  • In: Medical Forum Monthly. - : Medical Forum Monthly. - 1029-385X. ; 31:12, s. 3-7
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Objective: To find out frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Descriptive / Cross-Sectional Study Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted at the Cardiology Department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from November 2018 to May 2019. Materials and Methods: Patient of either gender having age ranging between 30-75 years old with acute STEMI who present within 12 hours of symptoms and with no past history of documented diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Venous blood samples for laboratory data, including random blood sugar, two fasting blood sugar and HBA1c using hitachi modular evo p800 machine was done. Results: A total of 158 patients having acute STEMI were studied. Males were 68.4% (n=108).The mean age was 59.65 ±10.80 years. Frequency of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 31.64 % (n = 50). In non-diabetics stress hyperglycemia was found in 51.85 % (n=56) patients. Among various types of STEMI, anterior STEMI was more common presentation 34.1 % (n=54. p= 0.85). Mean HBA1C was 6.19 ± 1.87%. Frequency of Ventricular tachycardia (VT) was 22.2 % in which undiagnosed diabetics were n=18 (p=0.004).Ventricular fibrillation was present in 13.3 % patients with undiagnosed diabetics were n=14 (p=0.001). Frequency of AF was 13.9% (n=22) with undiagnosed diabetics having AF in n=13 (p=0.003). SVT was present in 5.7% (n=9) patients with not significant difference between two groups (p=0.017). Among various mechanical complications VSR was present in 10 % (n=16) of patients (p=0.001), cardiogenic shock in 11.1 % (n=18) patients (p=0.004), acute LVF was present in 15.8 % patients (p=0.017). Conclusion: In our study we concluded that one third of patients having acute ST elevation myocardial infarction have undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (31.64 %, n = 50). The most common complication was ventricular tachycardia among electrical complication and LVF among mechanical complication.
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6.
  • Ahmad, Tauseef, 1986, et al. (author)
  • Methodology for Power-Aware Coherent Receiver Design
  • 2013
  • In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - 2162-2701. ; , s. SPT4D.4-
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We describe a methodology to design and evaluate DSP hardware for a coherent receiver. Important parameters that can be assessed include DSP power consumption and chip area.
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  • Result 1-10 of 226
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Aad, G (57)
Abbott, B. (57)
Abdallah, J (57)
Abdinov, O (57)
Zwalinski, L. (57)
Abramowicz, H. (57)
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Abreu, H. (57)
Adye, T. (57)
Aielli, G. (57)
Albert, J. (57)
Aleksa, M. (57)
Aleksandrov, I. N. (57)
Alexander, G. (57)
Alhroob, M. (57)
Alimonti, G. (57)
Alison, J. (57)
Amako, K. (57)
Amelung, C. (57)
Amorim, A. (57)
Amram, N. (57)
Anastopoulos, C. (57)
Andari, N. (57)
Andeen, T. (57)
Andreazza, A. (57)
Angerami, A. (57)
Anghinolfi, F. (57)
Anjos, N. (57)
Annovi, A. (57)
Antonelli, M. (57)
Antonov, A. (57)
Anulli, F. (57)
Arabidze, G. (57)
Arai, Y. (57)
Arguin, J-F. (57)
Armbruster, A. J. (57)
Arnaez, O. (57)
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Artoni, G. (57)
Asai, S. (57)
Asquith, L. (57)
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