| 1. |
- Carlsson, Lena M S, 1957, et al.
(author)
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Bariatric surgery and prevention of type 2 diabetes in Swedish obese subjects.
- 2012
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In: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 367:8, s. 695-704
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Weight loss protects against type 2 diabetes but is hard to maintain with behavioral modification alone. In an analysis of data from a nonrandomized, prospective, controlled study, we examined the effects of bariatric surgery on the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Sjöström, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Bariatric surgery and long-term cardiovascular events.
- 2012
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In: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598. ; 307:1, s. 56-65
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular events. Weight loss might protect against cardiovascular events, but solid evidence is lacking.
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| 4. |
- Ahlin, Sofie, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Macrophage Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue is Associated with Insulin Sensitivity and Serum Lipid Levels Independent of Obesity.
- 2013
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In: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - : Wiley. - 1930-739X .- 1930-7381. ; 21:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Obesity is linked to both increased metabolic disturbances and increased adipose tissue macrophage infiltration. However, whether macrophage infiltration directly influences human metabolism is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate if there are obesity-independent links between adipose tissue macrophages and metabolic disturbances. Design and Methods: Expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was analyzed by DNA microarrays in the SOS Sib Pair study and in patients with type 2 diabetes and a BMI-matched healthy control group. Results: The expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was increased in obesity and associated with several metabolic and anthropometric measurements. After adjustment for BMI, the expression remained associated with insulin sensitivity, serum levels of insulin, C-peptide, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and triglycerides. In addition, the expression of most macrophage markers was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. This indicates that adipose tissue macrophages may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Sustainability Impact of Open Innovation Software
- 2012
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In: Proceedings of the XXIII ISPIM Conference Action for Innovation: Innovating from Experience, Barcelona, Spain, 17-20 June 2012..
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
- Colucci-Gray, Laura, et al.
(author)
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Science and Technology Education in response to global, socio-environmental challenges
- 2018
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We are standing at a crucial point in Western, techno-scientific culture. Faced with profound changes affecting the Earth systems at a global scale, current narratives of technological innovation seek to assuage the urgency of the problems through new and creative solutions. Yet, as Hannah Arendt envisaged already half a century ago,“for the first time in history all peoples on earth have a common present”, even if “this common present is not based on a common past and does not in the least guarantee a common future” (1968, p. 83). More than coincidentally, this growing awareness has brought to the fore the need for new narratives of development, to ensure equity and a diversity of views and modes of living on our shared Planet. A common response in science education has emphasised the progressive enculturation into the subculture of science, weeding out cultural beliefs and misconceptions as well as risk and uncertainty to favour the acquisition of consolidated scientific knowledge. Conversely, an eco-reflexive and ecotransformative education, which draws upon a variety of theoretical contributions and practical approaches, is proposed. This round-table in three parts seeks to explore the potential of such a view within the field of Science and Technology Education. Part A focuses on different models of teaching and education, which take into consideration the global, socio-environmental challenges. Part B addresses the ontological shift from being spectators to active participants in the global environment; taking the lead from Colucci-Gray and Camino (2016), discussion will focus on what methodologies characterise this mode of learning. Part C addresses – based on Sjöström & Eilks (2018) and with further elaboration – a relational and critical Vision III of ST literacy and education. How can it be understood, which are its implications for teaching and ‘knowing-beingdoing’ and for the whole educational system?
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| 7. |
- Durcik, Martina, et al.
(author)
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New Dual Inhibitors of Bacterial Topoisomerases with Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity and In Vivo Efficacy against Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus
- 2023
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In: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 66:6, s. 3968-3994
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new series of dual low nanomolar benzothiazole inhibitors of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV were developed. The resulting compounds show excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial activities against Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and multidrug resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus strains [best compound minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs): range, <0.03125–0.25 μg/mL] and against the Gram-negatives Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae (best compound MICs: range, 1–4 μg/mL). Lead compound 7a was identified with favorable solubility and plasma protein binding, good metabolic stability, selectivity for bacterial topoisomerases, and no toxicity issues. The crystal structure of 7a in complex with Pseudomonas aeruginosa GyrB24 revealed its binding mode at the ATP-binding site. Expanded profiling of 7a and 7h showed potent antibacterial activity against over 100 MDR and non-MDR strains of A. baumannii and several other Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Ultimately, in vivo efficacy of 7a in a mouse model of vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus thigh infection was also demonstrated.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Irene, et al.
(author)
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To feel emotional concern : A qualitative interview study to explore telephone nurses’ experiences of difficult calls
- 2019
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In: Nursing Open. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2054-1058. ; 6:3, s. 842-848
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To describe telenurses’ experiences of difficult calls.Design: A qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used to gain a deeper understanding of the telenurses’ experiences.Methods: The data were collected in spring 2017 through semi-structured interviews with 19 telenurses at call centres and primary healthcare centres and were analysed with qualitative content analysis.Results: Becoming emotionally concerned is central to the telenurse’s experiences of difficult calls. Difficult calls are accompanied by feelings such as inadequacy, uncertainty and anxiety, which can be described as emotional tension. Emotional tension refers to situations when the caller’s expressed emotions were conveyed to the telenurses and altered their state of mind. The telenurses stated that difficult calls that cause them to become anxious remain in their thoughts and go through their minds repeatedly, making a deep impression.
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| 9. |
- Fagevik Olsén, Monika, 1964, et al.
(author)
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Increased joint pain after massive weight loss: Is there an association with joint hypermobility?
- 2017
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In: Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 1550-7289 .- 1878-7533. ; 13:5, s. 877-881
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2017 American Society for Bariatric Surgery.Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of pain in weight-bearing joints. Although pain often decreases after obesity surgery, this is the reverse for some patients. Hypermobility is described as an excessive range of motion in joints and has been suggested to be a possible cause of joint pain. It is not known whether there is an association between increased joint pain after weight loss and hypermobility. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between hypermobility and increased joint pain after massive weight loss. Setting: University hospital, Sweden. Methods: A survey including a screening questionnaire about hypermobility and questions about joint pain was sent to 149 people who had previously undergone bariatric surgery. Ninety-three people (72 women and 21 men) completed the questionnaire. Results: Nineteen of the respondents fulfilled the criteria for hypermobility. There were no significant differences between the groups with and without hypermobility regarding pain in weight-bearing joints before or after surgery. There was a significant difference between the groups with increased or novel pain in the ankles, shoulders, hands, and feet (P<.05) after the weight loss. Furthermore, the patients with hypermobility had increased or novel pain in a significantly higher number of weight-bearing joints, other joints, and joints in total (P< .05). Conclusion: Even with a small sample size, a tendency can be seen for people with hypermobility to experience increased joint pain after weight loss compared with those without hypermobility.
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| 10. |
- Fredriksson, Sofie, 1983, et al.
(author)
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The Impact of Occupational Noise Exposure on Hyperacusis: a Longitudinal Population Study of Female Workers in Sweden.
- 2021
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In: Ear and Hearing. - 1538-4667. ; 43:4, s. 1366-1377
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim was to assess the risk of hyperacusis in relation to occupational noise exposure among female workers in general, and among women working in preschool specifically.A retrospective longitudinal study was performed. Survey data were collected in 2013 and 2014 from two cohorts: randomly selected women from the population in region Västra Götaland, Sweden, and women selected based on having received a preschool teacher degree from universities in the same region. The final study sample included n = 8328 women born between 1948 and 1989. Occupational noise exposure was objectively assigned to all time periods from the first to the last reported occupation throughout working life, using the Swedish Job-Exposure Matrix (JEM) with three exposure intervals: <75 dB(A), 75 to 85 dB(A), and >85 dB(A). The JEM assigns preschool teachers to the 75 to 85 dB(A) exposure interval. The outcome hyperacusis was assessed by self-report using one question addressing discomfort or pain from everyday sounds. In the main analysis, a hyperacusis event was defined by the reported year of onset, if reported to occur at least a few times each week. Additional sensitivity analyses were performed using more strict definitions: (a) at least several times each week and (b) every day. The risk (hazard ratio, HR) of hyperacusis was analyzed in relation to years of occupational noise exposure, using survival analysis with frailty regression modeling accounting for individual variation in survival times which reflect, for example, noise exposure during years prior to onset. Occupational noise exposure was defined by the occupation held at year of hyperacusis onset, or the occupation held at the survey year if no event occurred. Models were adjusted for confounders including age, education, income, family history of hearing loss, and change of jobs due to noise.In total, n = 1966 hyperacusis events between 1960 and 2014 were analyzed in the main analysis. A significantly increased risk of hyperacusis was found among women working in any occupation assigned to the 75 to 85 dB(A) noise exposure group [HR: 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4-2.9], compared with the reference group <75 dB(A). The risk was tripled among preschool teachers specifically (HR: 3.4, 95% CI: 3.0-3.7), with the crude Kaplan-Meier curve showing a higher rate of onset early in the working life in preschool teachers compared with all the other exposure groups. The risk was increased, but not statistically significant in the main analysis, for the highest exposure group >85 dB(A), where only six hyperacusis events were identified (HR: 1.4, 95% CI: 0.6-3.1). In the sensitivity analysis, where hyperacusis was defined as occurring every day, the HR was significant also in the highest exposure group (HR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.4-10.3), and generally slightly higher in the other exposure groups compared to the main analysis.This study indicates increased risk of hyperacusis already below the permissible occupational noise exposure limit in Sweden (85 dB LAeq,8h) among female workers in general, and in particular among preschool teachers. Prospective studies and less wide exposure intervals could confirm causal effects and assess dose-response relationships, respectively, although this study at present suggest a need for risk assessment, improved hearing prevention measures, and noise abatement measures in occupations with noise levels from 75 dB(A). The results could also have implications for management of occupational disability claims.
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