| 1. |
- Akan, Pelin, et al.
(author)
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Comprehensive analysis of the genome transcriptome and proteome landscapes of three tumor cell lines
- 2012
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In: Genome Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1756-994X. ; 4, s. 86-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We here present a comparative genome, transcriptome and functional network analysis of three human cancer cell lines (A431, U251MG and U2OS), and investigate their relation to protein expression. Gene copy numbers significantly influenced corresponding transcript levels; their effect on protein levels was less pronounced. We focused on genes with altered mRNA and/or protein levels to identify those active in tumor maintenance. We provide comprehensive information for the three genomes and demonstrate the advantage of integrative analysis for identifying tumor-related genes amidst numerous background mutations by relating genomic variation to expression/protein abundance data and use gene networks to reveal implicated pathways.
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| 2. |
- Hasmats, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Validation of whole genome amplification for analysis of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in limited amounts of tumor samples
- 2012
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In: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 425:2, s. 379-383
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Personalized cancer treatment requires molecular characterization of individual tumor biopsies. These samples are frequently only available in limited quantities hampering genomic analysis. Several whole genome amplification (WGA) protocols have been developed with reported varying representation of genomic regions post amplification. In this study we investigate region dropout using a 929 polymerase based WGA approach. DNA from 123 lung cancers specimens and corresponding normal tissue were used and evaluated by Sanger sequencing of the p53 exons 5-8. To enable comparative analysis of this scarce material, WGA samples were compared with unamplified material using a pooling strategy of the 123 samples. In addition, a more detailed analysis of exon 7 amplicons were performed followed by extensive cloning and Sanger sequencing. Interestingly, by comparing data from the pooled samples to the individually sequenced exon 7, we demonstrate that mutations are more easily recovered from WGA pools and this was also supported by simulations of different sequencing coverage. Overall this data indicate a limited random loss of genomic regions supporting the use of whole genome amplification for genomic analysis.
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| 3. |
- Huttner, Hagen B, et al.
(author)
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The age and genomic integrity of neurons after cortical stroke in humans
- 2014
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In: Nature Neuroscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1097-6256 .- 1546-1726. ; 17:6, s. 801-803
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has been unclear whether ischemic stroke induces neurogenesis or neuronal DNA rearrangements in the human neocortex. Using immunohistochemistry; transcriptome, genome and ploidy analyses; and determination of nuclear bomb test-derived (14)C concentration in neuronal DNA, we found neither to be the case. A large proportion of cortical neurons displayed DNA fragmentation and DNA repair a short time after stroke, whereas neurons at chronic stages after stroke showed DNA integrity, demonstrating the relevance of an intact genome for survival.
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| 4. |
- Kvastad, Linda, et al.
(author)
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Single cell analysis of cancer cells using an improved RT-MLPA method has potential for cancer diagnosis and monitoring
- 2015
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Single cell analysis techniques have great potential in the cancer genomics feld. The detection and characterization of circulating tumour cells are important for identifying metastatic disease at an early stage and monitoring it. This protocol is based on transcript profiling using Reverse Transcriptase Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (RT-MLPA), which is a specific method for simultaneous detection of multiple mRNA transcripts. Because of the small amount of (circulating) tumour cells, a pre-amplification reaction is performed after reverse transcription to generate a sufficient number of target molecules for the MLPA reaction. We designed a highly sensitive method for detecting and quantifying a panel of seven genes whose expression patterns are associated with breast cancer, and optimized the method for single cell analysis. For detection we used a fluorescence-dependent semi-quantitative method involving hybridization of unique barcodes to an array. We evaluated the method using three human breast cancer cell lines and identified specific gene expression profiles for each line. Furthermore, we applied the method to single cells and confirmed the heterogeneity of a cell population. Successful gene detection from cancer cells in human blood from metastatic breast cancer patients supports the use of RT-MLPA as a diagnostic tool for cancer genomics.
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| 5. |
- Lindholm, Malene E., et al.
(author)
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The Impact of Endurance Training on Human Skeletal Muscle Memory, Global Isoform Expression and Novel Transcripts
- 2016
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In: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science. - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 12:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Regularly performed endurance training has many beneficial effects on health and skeletal muscle function, and can be used to prevent and treat common diseases e.g. cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes and obesity. The molecular adaptation mechanisms regulating these effects are incompletely understood. To date, global transcriptome changes in skeletal muscles have been studied at the gene level only. Therefore, global isoform expression changes following exercise training in humans are unknown. Also, the effects of repeated interventions on transcriptional memory or training response have not been studied before. In this study, 23 individuals trained one leg for three months. Nine months later, 12 of the same subjects trained both legs in a second training period. Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from both legs before and after both training periods. RNA sequencing analysis of all 119 skeletal muscle biopsies showed that training altered the expression of 3,404 gene isoforms, mainly associated with oxidative ATP production. Fifty-four genes had isoforms that changed in opposite directions. Training altered expression of 34 novel transcripts, all with protein-coding potential. After nine months of detraining, no training-induced transcriptome differences were detected between the previously trained and untrained legs. Although there were several differences in the physiological and transcriptional responses to repeated training, no coherent evidence of an endurance training induced transcriptional skeletal muscle memory was found. This human lifestyle intervention induced differential expression of thousands of isoforms and several transcripts from unannotated regions of the genome. It is likely that the observed isoform expression changes reflect adaptational mechanisms and processes that provide the functional and health benefits of regular physical activity.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Salvo, P., et al.
(author)
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Fabrication and functionalization of PCB gold electrodes suitable for DNA-based electrochemical sensing
- 2014
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In: Bio-medical materials and engineering. - 0959-2989 .- 1878-3619. ; 24:4, s. 1705-1714
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The request of high specificity and selectivity sensors suitable for mass production is a constant demand in medical research. For applications in point-of-care diagnostics and therapy, there is a high demand for low cost and rapid sensing platforms. This paper describes the fabrication and functionalization of gold electrodes arrays for the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The process can be implemented to produce efficiently a large number of biosensors. We report an electrolytic plating procedure to fabricate low-density gold microarrays on PCB suitable for electrochemical DNA detection in research fields such as cancer diagnostics or pharmacogenetics, where biosensors are usually targeted to detect a small number of genes. PCB technology allows producing high precision, fast and low cost microelectrodes. The surface of the microarray is functionalized with self-assembled monolayers of mercaptoundodecanoic acid or thiolated DNA. The PCB microarray is tested by cyclic voltammetry in presence of 5 mM of the redox probe K3Fe(CN6) in 0.1 M KCl. The voltammograms prove the correct immobilization of both the alkanethiol systems. The sensor is tested for detecting relevant markers for breast cancer. Results for 5 nM of the target TACSTD1 against the complementary TACSTD1 and non-complementary GRP, MYC, SCGB2A1, SCGB2A2, TOP2A probes show a remarkable detection limit of 0.05 nM and a high specificity.
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| 8. |
- Sánchez, J. L. A., et al.
(author)
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Multiplex PCB-based electrochemical detection of cancer biomarkers using MLPA-barcode approach
- 2016
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In: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 82, s. 224-232
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Asymmetric multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was developed for the amplification of seven breast cancer related mRNA markers and the MLPA products were electrochemically detected via hybridization. Seven breast cancer genetic markers were amplified by means of the MLPA reaction, which allows for multiplex amplification of multiple targets with a single primer pair. Novel synthetic MLPA probes were designed to include a unique barcode sequence in each amplified gene. Capture probes complementary to each of the barcode sequences were immobilized on each electrode of a low-cost electrode microarray manufactured on standard printed circuit board (PCB) substrates. The functionalised electrodes were exposed to the single-stranded MLPA products and following hybridization, a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled DNA secondary probe complementary to the amplified strand completed the genocomplex, which was electrochemically detected following substrate addition. The electrode arrays fabricated using PCB technology exhibited an excellent electrochemical performance, equivalent to planar photolithographically-fabricated gold electrodes, but at a vastly reduced cost (>50 times lower per array). The optimised system was demonstrated to be highly specific with negligible cross-reactivity allowing the simultaneous detection of the seven mRNA markers, with limits of detections as low as 25 pM. This approach provides a novel strategy for the genetic profiling of tumour cells via integrated "amplification-to-detection".
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| 9. |
- Stranneheim, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Transcript nuclear retention effects quantification of gene expression levels
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The majority of published differential gene expression studies have used RNA isolated from whole cell extracts (total RNA), overlooking the potential impact of including the nuclear transcriptome in the analyses. It has not been firmly established that the contribution of nuclear RNA is negligible or how the inclusion of it affects quantification of gene expression. Previous studies have estimated that the nuclear transcriptome is five to ten times more complex than the cytoplasmic [1]. Hence, RNA purified solely from the cytoplasm should have fewer unique transcripts, resulting in more sequence counts per transcript and resulting in increased power to detect remaining transcripts. In this study, cytoplasmic and total mRNA have been prepared from three human cell‐lines and sequenced using massive parallel sequencing. The resulting sequence data was analyzed regarding the effect of number of biological replicates, read length and transcripts fractionation on calling differentially detected genes. In addition, the impact of length and secondary structure of mRNAs un‐translated regions (UTRs), and coding sequence length on nucleus to cytoplasm transportation rates of mRNAs was studied. We observe that the number of differentially detected genes was not significantly increased by adding more than three biological replicates or by increasing the sequence read length > 35bp. More differentially detected genes were found in the cytoplasmic RNA compared to the total RNA and a nuclear retention effect was observed for transcripts with long and structured 5’‐ and 3’‐UTR or long protein coding sequences.
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| 10. |
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