| 1. |
- Du, Jiawei, et al.
(author)
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Proteomic profiling of muscular adaptations to short-term concentric versus eccentric exercise training in humans
- 2024
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In: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - : Elsevier. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 23:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The molecular mechanisms underlying muscular adaptations to concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) exercise training have been extensively explored. However, most previous studies have focused on specifically selected proteins, thus, unable to provide a comprehensive protein profile and potentially missing the crucial mechanisms underlying muscular adaptation to exercise training. We herein aimed to investigate proteomic profiles of human skeletal muscle in response to short-term resistance training. Twenty young males were randomly and evenly assigned to two groups to complete a 4-week either ECC or CON training program. Measurements of body composition and physiological function of the quadriceps femoris were conducted both before and after the training. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis of randomly selected participants (five in ECC and four in CON) of both before and after the training were analyzed using the liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in combination with bioinformatics analysis. Neither group presented a significant difference in body composition or leg muscle mass; however, muscle peak torque, total work, and maximal voluntary contraction were significantly increased after the training in both groups. Proteomics analysis revealed 122 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs; p value < 0.05 & fold change >1.5 or <0.67) in ECC, of which the increased DAPs were mainly related to skeletal muscle contraction and cytoskeleton and enriched specifically in the pentose phosphate pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, whereas the decreased DAPs were associated with the mitochondrial respiratory chain. One hundred one DAPs were identified in CON, of which the increased DAPs were primarily involved in translation/ protein synthesis and the mitochondria respiratory, whereas the decreased DAPs were related to metabolic processes, cytoskeleton, and de-ubiquitination. In conclusion, the 4-week CON and ECC training resulted in distinctly different proteomic profiles, especially in proteins related to muscular structure and metabolism.
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| 2. |
- Du, Ning, et al.
(author)
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A brief review of the development of telerehabilitation and its application in patients of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
- 2023
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In: Journal of Scientific & Technical Research. - 2574-1241. ; 48:2
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity and characterized by progressive development during growth, and eventually to a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees on the posteroanterior radiograph. AIS usually does not present symptoms in early age, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of these patients difficult. Thus, a follow-up observation of all suspicious AIS patients becomes very important to monitor the progression of spinal cord deformity. Telerehabilitation is a new type of rehabilitation, which links the professional physiotherapists and the patients through telecommunication and information technology. Telerehabilitation can be synchronous (through any device real-time connection between patients and therapists), asynchronous (computer-based intervention for remote monitoring by the physiotherapists and offline adjustments), or a combination of both. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical health care system chaos and affected seriously the ongoing disease management in many countries. Telerehabilitation can reduce the spreading risk of COVID-19, the cost of face-to-face rehabilitation service, the pressure on the staff, and the financial burden on the patients. In this review, we briefly describe the development of telerehabilitation, its current status and related technologies, and its application in clinical practice of AIS. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the current telerehabilitation and its future prospection. We believe that telerehabilitation could provide high quality rehabilitation service to the patients, thus becoming the mainstream of rehabilitation to the population of AIS.
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| 3. |
- Du, Ning, et al.
(author)
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Active physical exercise improves functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complication in patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumor
- 2024
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In: Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise. - : Springer. - 2096-6709 .- 2662-1371. ; 6, s. 155-166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To explore whether active physical exercise (APE) is more effective than conventional continuous passive motion (CPM) in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complication in patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumor.Methods: Six hundred and fourteen patients were enrolled and allocated to either APE or CPM for 6 months. APE was specific for patients with bone tumors on the distal femur (APE-F) and proximal tibia (APE-T), whereas CPM was similar to both types of patients (CPM-F and CPM-T). APE for both APE-F and APE-T patients was started on the second post-operation day, and CPM was initiated on the second post-procedure day in CPM-F patients, and in the seventh post-procedure week in CPM-T patients. The 6-month APE training consisted of three stages with training intensity progressively increasing though limited within a range of metabolic equivalent (MET) on each stage. Training intensity was individualized based on personal basic MET. The patients were followed up for 5 years for regular assessments of functional knee recovery, quality of life, and rate of complications.Results: APE-F and APE-T patients presented with significantly better results in functional knee recovery and quality of life in comparison with CPM-F and CPM-T patients, respectively. In addition, APE-T patients reached a similar level of quality of life as APE-F patients 6-month post-operation, whereas CPM-T patients reached a similar level of quality of life as CPM-F patients 3 years after the procedure. Nevertheless, APE training did not induce a higher incidence of complications than CPM training.Conclusions: APE training was more effective in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complications than CPM training, thus, being strongly recommended to the patients for post-operation rehabilitation.
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| 4. |
- Du, Ning, et al.
(author)
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Effects of early active physical exercise in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life on patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumour
- 2023
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In: Journal of Science in Sports and Exercise. - : Springer. - 2096-6709 .- 2662-1371.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: In the clinic, patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumour generally experience loss of neuromuscular control and body balance, which consequently affects knee function and quality of life. Active physical exercise (APE) has been proven to be effective in rehabilitation. However, in the literature, no systematic study has been performed to make a general guideline of APE training on the patients.Methods: A total number of 528 patients who have had endoprosthetic knee replacement for tumour resection was collected from July 2009 to December 2016. After operation, the patients were randomly attributed to rehabilitation of either APE training or conventional continuous passive motion (CPM) for six months. The APE training was specific for patients with a bone tumour on the distal femur (APE-F) and the proximal tibia (APE-T), and the whole training was divided into three stages with different training items and training intensity which was progressively increased with limited intensity in terms of metabolic equivalent (MET) level for each stage. For each individual patient, the APE training intensity was personal based on personal basic MET. The patients were followed up for five years for regular assessments of functional knee recovery and quality of life.Findings: Both APE training and CPM training induced significant improvements in functional knee recovery and quality of life throughout the whole period of follow-up. Nevertheless, the improvements were more significant in patients following APE training than in that following CPM training (APE-F vs. CPM-F and APE-T vs. CPM-T). Additionally, the specific APE training induced significantly better functional knee recovery throughout the whole five-year of follow-up, and quality of life in the first six-month post-operation in patients of APE-F than in that of APE-T. In contrast, the CPM training induced significantly better improvements in both functional knee recovery and quality of life the whole five-year of follow-up. Nevertheless, the early APE training, especially for the patients of APE-T, did not induce more incidence of complication of any type compared to CPM training (APE-F vs. CPM-F and APE-T vs. CPM-T).Interpretation: APE training is more effective in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life than CPM training. The results observed in patients of APE-T and APE-F in comparison to that of CPM-F and CPM-T demonstrates further the advantage of APE training over CPM training in rehabilitation. The low complication incidence following APE training is attributed to the well-controlled training intensity through personal MET. Taken together, the study provided strong evidence for clinical application of APE training on the patients.
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| 5. |
- Renström, Lina, et al.
(author)
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Bilateral muscle fiber and nerve influences by TNF-alpha in response to unilateral muscle overuse : studies on TNF receptor expressions
- 2017
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In: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 18:1
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background:TNF-alpha is suggested to be involved in muscle damage and muscle inflammation (myositis). In order to evaluate whether TNF-alpha is involved in the myositis that occurs in response to muscle overuse, the aim was to examine the expression patterns of TNF receptors in this condition.Methods:A rabbit muscle overuse model leading to myositis in the soleus muscle was used. The expression patterns of the two TNF receptors Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor type 1 (TNFR1) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor type 2 (TNFR2) were investigated. In situ hybridization and immunofluorescence were utilized. Immunostainings for desmin, NK-1R and CD31 were made in parallel.Results:Immunoreactions (IR) for TNF receptors were clearly observed in white blood cells, fibroblasts and vessel walls, and most interestingly also in muscle fibers and nerve fascicles in the myositis muscles. There were very restricted reactions for these in the muscles of controls. The upregulation of TNF receptors was for all types of structures seen for both the experimental side and the contralateral nonexperimental side. TNF receptor expressing muscle fibers were present in myositis muscles. They can be related to attempts for reparation/regeneration, as evidenced from results of parallel stainings. Necrotic muscle fibers displayed TNFR1 mRNA and TNFR2 immunoreaction (IR) in the invading white blood cells. In myositis muscles, TNFR1 IR was observed in both axons and Schwann cells while TNFR2 IR was observed in Schwann cells. Such observations were very rarely made for control animals.Conclusions:The findings suggest that there is a pronounced involvement of TNF-alpha in the developing myositis process. Attempts for reparation of the muscle tissue seem to occur via both TNFR1 and TNFR2. As the myositis process also occurs in the nonexperimental side and as TNF receptors are confined to nerve fascicles bilaterally it can be asked whether TNF-alpha is involved in the spreading of the myositis process to the contralateral side via the nervous system. Taken together, the study shows that TNF-alpha is not only associated with the inflammation process but that both the muscular and nervous systems are affected and that this occurs both on experimental and nonexperimental sides.
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| 6. |
- Renström, Lina, et al.
(author)
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TNF-alpha in an Overuse Muscle Model - Relationship to Muscle Fiber Necrosis/Regeneration, the NK-1 Receptor and an Occurrence of Bilateral Involvement
- 2013
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In: Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology. - : OMICS Publishing Group. - 2155-9899. ; 4:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- TNF-alphais known to be involved in muscle damage and inflammation (myositis). Therelationships between the TNF-alpha system and muscle fibernecrosis/regeneration and the tachykinin system in this situation are unclear.We have an experimental rabbit model related to unilateral muscle overuse whichleads to marked muscle derangement and myositis bilaterally. Using this model,staining for TNF-alpha, in parallel with staining for the substance P-preferredreceptor (NK-1R) and desmin were performed. Desmin staining was used as areference concerning identification of degeneration/regeneration and the soleusmuscle was the muscle examined. It was observed that the inflammatory cells, aswell as blood vessel walls in the myositis areas, expressed TNF-alpha mRNA.Muscle fibers that were interpreted to represent necrotic fibers expressedTNF-alpha mRNA reactions and showed NK-1R immunoreactions, the reactions beingconfined to white blood cells that had infiltrated into the fibers. Musclefibers that were interpreted to be in a regenerative state expressedpatchy/widespread TNF-alpha mRNA and point like NK-1R immunoreactions. Abnormalmuscle fibers thus showed TNF-alpha mRNA as well as NK-1R immunoreactions.Normal muscle fibers never showed these reactions. Occurrence of inflammatorycell and muscle fiber TNF-alpha mRNA reactions was equally marked in the myositisareas of the contralateral side as in these areas of the ipsilateralexperimental side. The observations show that the TNF-alpha system is muchinvolved in the processes that occur in the muscle derangement/myositisprocesses. The involvement relates to effects in processes of both regenerationand muscle fiber necrosis. It may be that substance P via activation throughthe NK-1R influences the TNF-alpha expression. The findings of TNF-alphaupregulation also for the contralateral side show that the TNF-alpha system isinvolved both ipsi and contralaterally during the development of myosits/muscleaffection in response to unilateral overuse.
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| 7. |
- Song, Juan, et al.
(author)
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Temporal brain transcriptome analysis reveals key pathological events after germinal matrix hemorrhage in neonatal rats
- 2022
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In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. - : SAGE Publications. - 0271-678X .- 1559-7016. ; 42:9, s. 1632-1649
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a common complication in preterm infants and is associated with high risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. We used a rat GMH model and performed RNA sequencing to investigate the signaling pathways and biological processes following hemorrhage. GMH induced brain injury characterized by early hematoma and subsequent tissue loss. At 6 hours after GMH, gene expression indicated an increase in mitochondrial activity such as ATP metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation along with upregulation of cytoprotective pathways and heme metabolism. At 24 hours after GMH, the expression pattern suggested an increase in cell cycle progression and downregulation of neurodevelopmental-related pathways. At 72 hours after GMH, there was an increase in genes related to inflammation and an upregulation of ferroptosis. Hemoglobin components and genes related to heme metabolism and ferroptosis such as Hmox1, Alox15, and Alas2 were among the most upregulated genes. We observed dysregulation of processes involved in development, mitochondrial function, cholesterol biosynthesis, and inflammation, all of which contribute to neurodevelopmental deterioration following GMH. This study is the first temporal transcriptome profile providing a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying brain injury following GMH, and it provides useful guidance in the search for therapeutic interventions.
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| 8. |
- Song, Yafeng, et al.
(author)
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Bilateral increase in expression and concentration of tachykinin in a unilateral rabbit muscle overuse model that leads to myositis
- 2013
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In: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2474. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Tachykinins can have pro-inflammatory as well as healing effects during tissue reorganization and inflammation. Recent studies report an up-regulation in the expression of the substance P (SP)-preferred receptor, the neurokinin-1 receptor, in marked muscle inflammation (myositis). There is, however, only very little information on the expression patterns and levels of tachykinins in this situation.Methods: The tachykinin system was analyzed using a rabbit experimental model of muscle overuse, whereby unilateral muscle exercise in combination with electrical stimulation led to muscle derangement and myositis in the triceps surae muscle (experimental length 1--6 weeks). Evaluations were made for both parts of the muscle (soleus and gastrocnemius muscles) in experimental and non-experimental (contralateral) sides. Morphologic evaluation, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) analyses were applied.Results: Myositis and muscle derangement occurred focally not only in the experimental side but also in the non-experimental side. In the inflammatory areas (focal myositis areas), there were frequent nerve fibers showing tachykinin-like immunoreactivity and which were parts of nerve fascicles and which were freely dispersed in the tissue. Cells in the inflammatory infiltrates showed tachykinin-like immunoreactivity and tachykinin mRNA expression. Specific immunoreactivity and mRNA expression were noted in blood vessel walls of both sides, especially in focally affected areas. With increasing experimental length, we observed an increase in the degree of immunoreactivity in the vessel walls. The EIA analyses showed that the concentration of tachykinin in the tissue on both sides increased in a time-dependent manner. There was a statistical correlation in the concentration of tachykinin and the level of tachykinin immunoreactivity in the blood vessel walls between experimental and non-experimental sides.Conclusions: The observations show an up-regulation of the tachykinin system bilaterally during muscle derangement/myositis in response to pronounced unilateral muscle overuse. This up-regulation occurred in inflammatory areas and was related not only to increased tachykinin innervation but also to tachykinin expression in blood vessel walls and inflammatory cells. Importantly, the tachykinin system appears to be an important factor not only ipsilaterally but also contralaterally in these processes.
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| 9. |
- Song, Yafeng, 1977-
(author)
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Cross transfer effects after unilateral muscle overuse : an experimental animal study about alterations in the morphology and the tachykinin system of muscles
- 2013
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Unilateral exercise can produce certain contralateral strength effects. Deleterious events can be cross-transferred as well, as illustrated by a strict symmetry in some chronic inflammatory diseases. To date, knowledge on the effects of marked overuse of skeletal muscles is limited, and there is largely no information if unilateral overuse affects the contralateral muscles. In view of this, the present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that unilateral muscle overuse causes alterations in tissue structure and the tachykinin system, with a focus on substance P (SP), not only in the exercised muscles, but also in the contralateral muscles. SP is a well-known neuromodulator that is known to be proinflammatory.An experimental rabbit model with unilateral muscle overuse of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles caused by exercise via electrical muscle stimulation (E/EMS) was used. In total, 40 rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups of which two groups served as controls. The rabbits were anaesthetized and then set on a “kicking machine” to perform exercise via EMS for 2h every second day. Experimental periods for groups 1-3 were 1, 3 and 6w, respectively, whereas groups 4-6 were exercised for 1w but also subjected to injections in the peritendinous tissue with SP, NaCL, Captopril (C), an ACE inhibitor, and DL-Thiorphan (Th) which inhibits the activity of neural endopeptidase. One group was not subjected to the experiment at all. The day after the last session of E/EMS, the soleus muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle from both legs were collected for analysis. Alterations in muscle structure and the tachykinin system were analyzed with enzyme and immunohistochemical techniques, in situ hybridization and EIA methods.After 1w of E/EMS, focal areas of the exercised muscles contained a mild infiltration of inflammatory cells (myositis) and small morphological changes. After 3 and 6w of E/EMS, distinct myositis and muscle changes were bilaterally present in focal areas of both muscles. The structural changes, which mainly were observed in myositis areas, consisted of increased fiber size variability, split fibers, internal myonuclei, necrotic fibers, fibrosis, fat infiltration, and small fibers containing developmental MyHCs. Bilateral morphological changes, such as loss of axons, were also observed in nerves. In addition, expressions of tachykinin and the SP-preferred receptor, the neurokinin-1 (NK-1R), were bilaterally upregulated in nerve structures and blood vessel walls. Infiltrating white blood cells exhibited tachykinin–like and NK-1R immunoreactivity. NK-1R immunoreactions were also found in necrotic and regenerating muscle fibers.The concentration of tachykinin (SP) was significantly increased in both soleus and gastrocnemius muscles after E/EMS. There was a significant correlation between the two sides in concentration of tachykinin and in the intensity of tachykinin-like immunoreaction in blood vessel walls. The muscle fiber size and capillary supply of fibers were bilaterally decreased after 3w of EMS. The myositis areas contained an increased number of vessels with a larger size than capillaries, while areas with increased amount of connective tissue contained a very low number of capillaries. A bilateral fiber type shift against a lower proportion of slow MyHCI fibers and higher proportion of fast MyHCII fibers was observed in both muscles. The local injections of C+Th and SP+C+Th led to marked structural changes in the muscle tissue and marked increased NK-1R and tachykinin-like immunoreactivity in the myositis areas and increased tachykinin concentration in the tissue.In conclusion, the repetitive unilateral muscle overuse caused by E/EMS led overtime to muscle injury and myositis. The affected areas contained both degenerative and regenerative alterations in the muscle tissue and nerves, and an upregulation of the tachykinin system. Most interestingly, the changes not only occurred in the exercised side, but also in the homologous contralateral muscles. The tachykinin system appears to be an important factor in the processes of crossover effects.
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| 10. |
- Song, Yafeng, et al.
(author)
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Effects on contralateral muscles after unilateral electrical muscle stimulation and exercise
- 2012
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 7:12, s. e52230-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is well established that unilateral exercise can produce contralateral effects. However, it is unclear whether unilateral exercise that leads to muscle injury and inflammation also affects the homologous contralateral muscles. To test the hypothesis that unilateral muscle injury causes contralateral muscle changes, an experimental rabbit model with unilateral muscle overuse caused by a combination of electrical muscle stimulation and exercise (EMS/E) was used. The soleus and gastrocnemius muscles of both exercised and non-exercised legs were analyzed with enzyme-and immunohistochemical methods after 1, 3 and 6 weeks of repeated EMS/E. After 1 w of unilateral EMS/E there were structural muscle changes such as increased variability in fiber size, fiber splitting, internal myonuclei, necrotic fibers, expression of developmental MyHCs, fibrosis and inflammation in the exercised soleus muscle. Only limited changes were found in the exercised gastrocnemius muscle and in both non-exercised contralateral muscles. After 3 w of EMS/E, muscle fiber changes, presence of developmental MyHCs, inflammation, fibrosis and affections of nerve axons and AChE production were observed bilaterally in both the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. At 6 w of EMS/E, the severity of these changes significantly increased in the soleus muscles and infiltration of fat was observed bilaterally in both the soleus and the gastrocnemius muscles. The affections of the muscles were in all three experimental groups restricted to focal regions of the muscle samples. We conclude that repetitive unilateral muscle overuse caused by EMS/E overtime leads to both degenerative and regenerative tissue changes and myositis not only in the exercised muscles, but also in the homologous non-exercised muscles of the contralateral leg. Although the mechanism behind the contralateral changes is unclear, we suggest that the nervous system is involved in the cross-transfer effects.
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