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- Alfonsson, Sven, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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The effects of clinical supervision on supervisees and patients in cognitive behavioral therapy : a systematic review
- 2018
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In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 47:3, s. 206-228
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Clinical supervision is a central part of psychotherapist training but the empirical support for specific supervision theories or features is unclear. The aims of this study were to systematically review the empirical research literature regarding the effects of clinical supervision on therapists’ competences and clinical outcomes within Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). A comprehensive database search resulted in 4103 identified publications. Of these, 133 were scrutinized and in the end 5 studies were included in the review for data synthesis. The five studies were heterogeneous in scope and quality and only one provided firm empirical support for the positive effects of clinical supervision on therapists’ competence. The remaining four studies suffered from methodological weaknesses, but provided some preliminary support that clinical supervision may be beneficiary for novice therapists. No study could show benefits from supervision for patients. The research literature suggests that clinical supervision may have some potential effects on novice therapists’ competence compared to no supervision but the effects on clinical outcomes are still unclear. While bug-in-the-eye live supervision may be more effective than standard delayed supervision, the effects of specific supervision models or features are also unclear. There is a continued need for high-quality empirical studies on the effects of clinical supervision in psychotherapy.
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| 2. |
- Alfonsson, Sven, et al.
(author)
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The effects of clinical supervision on supervisees and patients in cognitive-behavioral therapy : a study protocol for a systematic review
- 2017
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In: Systematic Reviews. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2046-4053. ; 6:94, s. 1-6
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Clinical supervision by a senior therapist is a very common practice in psychotherapist training and psychiatric care settings. Though clinical supervision is advocated by most educational and governing institutions, the effects of clinical supervision on the supervisees ’ competence, e.g., attitudes, behaviors, and skills, as well as on treatment outcomes and other patient variables are debated and largely unknown. Evidence-based practice is advocated in clinical settings but has not yet been fully implemented in educational or clinical training settings. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize and present the empirical literature regarding effects of clinical supervision in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Methods: This study will include a systematic review of the literature to identify studies that have empirically investigated the effects of supervision on supervised psychotherapists and/or the supervisees ’ patients. A comprehensive search strategy will be conducted to identify published controlled studies indexed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases. Data on supervision outcomes in both psychotherapists and their patients will be extracted, synthesized, and reported. Risk of bias and quality of the included studies will be assessed systematically. Discussion: This systematic review will rigorously follow established guidelines for systematic reviews in order to summarize and present the evidence base for clinical supervision in cognitive-behavioral therapy and may aid further research and discussion in this area.
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| 3. |
- Beckman, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Can we agree on the quality of clinical supervision? : Inter-rater reliability of the Short-SAGE (Supervision: Adherence and Guidance Evaluation) scale
- 2021
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In: The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1754-470X. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Clinical supervision is a cornerstone in psychotherapist training, but research in this area is hampered by a lack of validated tools for assessing supervision quality. Short-SAGE (Supervision: Adherence and Guidance Evaluation) is an observational instrument designed for evaluating supervision in cognitive behavioural therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of Short-SAGE. Four experienced clinical psychologists participated in three 3-hour Short-SAGE coding training sessions, followed by an additional meeting and coding instructions. In a cross-over design, codings of 20 supervision sessions were then assessed with intraclass correlations (ICC), for both the 3- and 7-point scales of the instrument. In the single measure analyses for both scales, only one item showed ICC in the good range, and the rest of the 14 item ICCs were in the poor to fair range. Moreover, on the 3-point scale, five of the 14 inter-rater correlations were non-significant. For research and training purposes, validated tools to assess supervision quality are highly needed. However, instruments for measuring adherence and/or competence are of little value if the coders do not attain inter-rater reliability. Whether quality of supervision is associated with improvements in supervisees' competencies is not yet clear. Short-SAGE provides a tool that may enable empirical research in this area. Further studies are needed to assess whether extensive training can improve the inter-rater reliability of Short-SAGE.
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