| 1. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
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A 40 Gbps QAM-16 communication link using a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process
- 2022
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In: IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. - 0149-645X. ; 2022-June, s. 1013-1016
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work a high data rate transmitter and receiver link is presented using a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process. The communication link has demonstrated transmissions up to 40 Gbps QAM-16 at D-band (110-170 GHz) over a one meter polymer microwave fiber (PMF). The peak output power of the transmitter (Tx) is 3 dBm at 135 GHz and the 3-dB bandwidth of both Tx and receiver (Rx) is between 115 - 145 GHz, resulting in a 30 GHz bandwidth. Total chip area for Tx and Rx combined, including pads, is 4.2 mm2.
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| 2. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
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A Beyond 100-Gbps Polymer Microwave Fiber Communication Link at D-Band
- 2023
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In: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. - 1549-8328 .- 1558-0806. ; 70
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A D-band (110-170 GHz) ultra high data rate link is presented and characterized. The circuits are realized in a commercial 130 nm silicon germanium (SiGe) BiCMOS process. The 3-dB bandwidth for both transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) is between 125 -165 GHz, resulting in a 40 GHz bandwidth. The communication link has demonstrated transmissions up to 102 Gbps using 8-phase shift keying (PSK) modulation over a one meter long foam-cladded polymer microwave fiber (PMF) with a bit error rate (BER) of 2.1 ×10−3 . Using direct quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 56 Gbps was reached with a BER <10−12 . Total chip area for Tx and Rx combined, including pads, is 4.2 mm 2 .
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| 3. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
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A PAM-4 Link for High Data Rate PMF Communication
- 2022
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In: Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC. ; 2022-November, s. 55-57
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work a high speed PAM-4 link for polymer microwave fiber (PMF) communication at D-band (110-170GHz) is presented using a commercial 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process. Link measurements are performed over a one meter long foam-cladded PMF which verifies that the link can support data rates up to 30 Gbps with a bit error rate (BER) of 3 * 10-8. The transmitter is RF-DAC based including and LO multiplier and a six stage amplifier. The receiver consist of an LNA and a power detector (PD). The DC power consumption is 143 mW for the transmitter and 126 mW for the receiver.
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| 4. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
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A RF-DAC based 40 Gbps PAM Modulator with 1.2 pJ/bit Energy Efficiency at Millimeterwave Band
- 2018
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In: IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. - 0149-645X. ; 2018-June, s. 931-933
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A PAM-4 modulator is designed and fabricated in a 0.25μm indium phosphide (InP) double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) technology. The modulator is verified to have a 3-dB bandwidth of 60-90 GHz and a peak output power of -5 dBm at 75 GHz. This modulator can support 40 Gbps data transmission with a bit error rate of 3.7×10−6, the energy efficiency is better than 1.2 pJ/bit. This modulator is suitable for application such as low power, short range, ultra high data rate wireless communication.
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| 5. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
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A Static Frequency Divider in GaN HEMT Technology
- 2021
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In: 2021 51st European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2021. ; , s. 309-312
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work a static frequency divider-by-two based on source coupled logic (SCL), using a 100 nm gate length gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology, is presented. The circuit uses a master-slave (MS) latch topology with an output buffer, and is verified to divide input frequencies from 1–27 GHz. It enables integrated high power, low phase noise GaN HEMT signal sources, which through the divider can be locked to commercial phase locked loops (PLLs).
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| 6. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
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A W-band Frequency Tripler in a 60 nm GaN HEMT Technology
- 2023
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In: 2023 International Workshop on Integrated Nonlinear Microwave and Millimetre-Wave Circuits (INMMIC). - 2689-5498. - 9798350322422
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work a W-band (75-110 GHz) frequency tripler using a 60 nm gate length gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology is presented. The 3-dB bandwidth is between 90-108 GHz, with a peak output power of 3 dBm. The suppression of unwanted harmonics is typically 20 dB, with a maximum of 30 dB over the frequency range. The frequency multiplier is designed to be used together with a power amplifier (PA) and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to achieve an integrated high power signal source for high datarate communication and radar systems.
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| 7. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
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AMCW Radar of Micrometer Accuracy Distance Measurement and Monitoring
- 2019
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In: IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. - 0149-645X. ; 2019-June, s. 1473-1475
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An Amplitude Modulated Continuous Wave (AMCW) radar system is proposed that uses both the phase from the envelope and carrier to achieve micrometer accuracy distance measurement. The system has the benefit of using only two frequencies instead of an entire frequency band which is the case with FMCW radars. Many radar systems can therefore be used in a small area without risking interference. An experimental radar setup at 78 GHz is measured and verified to have a measurement error magnitude of less than 10 micrometer. This system is suitable for modern manufacturing and industry.
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| 8. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990, et al.
(author)
-
An 80 Gbps QAM-16 PMF Link Using a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS Process
- 2023
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In: IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. - 0149-645X. ; 2023-June, s. 443-445
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work a D-band (110 GHz - 170 GHz) polymer microwave fiber (PMF) link for high data rate communication is presented. The transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) circuits are designed and fabricated in a commercial 130 nm silicon germanium (SiGe) BiCMOS process. The Tx has a peak output power of 5 dBm. The link has been tested over a 2 meter long PMF, demonstrating 80 Gbps using QAM-16 modulation, with a bit error rate (BER) of 8*10 −4 , and 48 Gbps using QPSK with a BER < 10 −12 . For a 4 meter long PMF, 24 Gbps using QPSK was demonstrated with a BER =7.7*10 −6.
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| 9. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990
(author)
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Integrated Circuit Design for High Data Rate Polymer Microwave Fiber Communication
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The rapid development of semiconductor processes with a maximum frequency of oscillation well above 300 GHz enables new applications at frequencies above 100 GHz to be researched and developed. Such applications include wireless backhaul, wireless access, radar and radiometer sensors, wireless energy distribution and harvesting, etc. For several of these applications, a throughput in data rate well above 10 Gbps, even up to 100 Gbps, is required. Optical fiber communication is the leading option for high data rate and long-range wired communication. However, for shorter ranges like chip-to-chip or module-to-module (up to ten meters), millimeter-wave communication over a polymer microwave fiber (PMF) is an interesting alternative due to its potential low cost. Other advantages include flexibility, less sensitivity to temperature variations, and a more relaxed mechanical tolerance requirement. Similar to optical fiber, dispersion occurs on PMFs and will cause symbol interference. Different ways to deal with this effect are investigated, for example, pulse shaping and equalization of the signal. This work proposes and presents various circuit solutions enabling high data rate communication. Two technologies are used, 250 nm InP DHBT and 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS. An energy-efficient solution using an RF-DAC and power detector for pulse amplitude modulated links are evaluated, as well as an I/Q modulated solution. I/Q (de-)modulators require more complexity, but the increased spectral efficiency can also increase the data rate further. In summary, I explore the opportunities and challenges of short-range, ultra-high data rate, PMF bound communication, which is found to support 56 Gbps error-free (BER<10-12) data and 102 Gbps with a BER=2.1*10-3.
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| 10. |
- Strömbeck, Frida, 1990
(author)
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Integrated Circuit Solutions for High Datarate Polymer Fiber Communication
- 2021
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Most societies today are dependent on an Internet connection. It has to be reliable in any condition, energy efficient, but most importantly fast. High data rate communication is urgently needed, not only to connect one part of the world to the other, but also for short range applications to help us get through the day. Communication within an autonomous car, to get us from point A to point B, streaming entertainment at a Friday night, or parts of a production chain to help out at a factory. The transmitters and receivers are key components to transfer the data to make these kind of applications possible. Adjustments to what is available and possible is what challenges the progress. Fundamental limitations comes from the material properties and available energy in comparison to the noise around us. Dealing with bandwidth limitations is somewhat man-made, but the interference of different signals is completely real. Looking around for opportunities in this world leads you to look for free bandwidths. The millimeterwave-band (30-300 GHz) offers available bandwidth as well as other benefits. In this work, different circuit solutions enabling high data rate communication is proposed and presented. Different technologies are used, like state of the art processes and commercial processes. Wirebound communication through polymer microwave fiber (PMF) using energy efficient RF-DAC based modulators and power detectors (PDs) is a cheap and robust solution. In this work we explore the opportunities of short range, ultra high data rate, PMF bound communication, which is found to support 30 Gbps error free (BER<10^-12) data.
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