| 1. |
- Mobini, Reza, 1965, et al.
(author)
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Hemodynamic improvement and removal of autoantibodies against beta1-adrenergic receptor by immunoadsorption therapy in dilated cardiomyopathy.
- 2003
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In: Journal of autoimmunity. - 0896-8411. ; 20:4, s. 345-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The removal of beta(1)-adrenergic receptor (beta(1)AR) autoantibodies by immunoadsorption (IA) has been proposed as a potential mechanism for the improvement of the left ventricular function in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). In the present study, the possible association between removal of the autoantibodies against the human beta(1)AR with the hemodynamic improvement induced by IA was investigated.IA was performed in 22 DCM patients (n=22; NYHA III-IV, EF<30%, stable medication). The beta(1)AR autoantibodies from column eluents (CE) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and BIAcore methods. CE of 32% (7/22) of the patients was found to be antibody-positive with ELISA or BIAcore. In addition, a bioassay system was also used for the detection of this autoantibody. Seventy-three percent (16/22) of the patients were found to be antibody-positive by this method. However, independent of the beta(1)AR antibody detection method, both antibody-positive and antibody-negative groups showed similar acute and prolonged hemodynamic improvements during IA therapy. Furthermore, antibody-positive and -negative groups received a comparable improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction.These results suggest that different mechanisms are involved in the hemodynamic improvement induced by IA. The beneficial hemodynamic effects induced by IA are not directly associated with the removal of beta(1)AR autoantibodies.
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| 2. |
- Alnegren, Patrik, 1988, et al.
(author)
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Metallic Bipolar Plates for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
- 2016
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In: Fuel Cells. - : Wiley. - 1615-6846 .- 1615-6854. ; 16:1, s. 39-45
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High temperature polymer membrane fuel cells (HTPEMFCs) are promising devices for future mobile applications. To minimize phosphoric acid migration from the membranes and to reduce the total stack weight and size metallic bipolar plates are a promising alternative. So far only very few published results are available on the use of metallic bipolar plates in HTPEMFCs. During this work a single test cell was equipped with metallic endplates to investigate the possibility of using metallic bipolar plates in HTPEMFC stacks. Furthermore we tried to simulate the environments present in an HTPEMFC by furnace exposures in an attempt to develop a simplified test method for accelerated corrosion of bipolar plate materials. It was found that the performance of the HTPEM test cell decreased by about 15 mu V h(-1). More corrosion products were seen on the cathode side samples, whereas on the anode side sample the corrosion attack of the steel was more severe. These results were successfully replicated in simulated furnace experiments.
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| 3. |
- Anker, Ilka, et al.
(author)
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Preoperative Electrophysiology in Patients With Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at the Elbow-Prediction of Surgical Outcome and Influence of Age, Sex and Diabetes.
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-6616. ; 3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The impact of preoperative electrophysiology on outcome of surgical treatment in ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE) is not clarified. Our aim was to evaluate influence of preoperative electrophysiologic grading on outcome and analyse how age, sex, and in particular diabetes affect such grading. Electrophysiologic protocols for 406 UNE cases, surgically treated at two hand surgery units reporting to the Swedish National Quality Register for Hand Surgery (HAKIR; 2010-2016), were retrospectively assessed, and graded as normal, reduced conduction velocity, conduction block or axonal degeneration. Outcome of surgery after primary and revision surgery was evaluated using QuickDASH and a doctor reported outcome measure (DROM) grading. No differences in QuickDASH or DROM were found between the four groups with different electrophysiologic grading preoperatively, or at three and 12 months or at follow up, respectively. When dichotomizing the electrophysiologic grading into normal and pathologic electrophysiology, cases with normal electrophysiology had worse QuickDASH than cases with pathologic electrophysiology preoperatively (p=0.046). Presence of a conduction block or axonal degeneration indicated a worse outcome by DROM grading (p=0.011). Primary surgeries had electrophysiologic more pronounced nerve pathology compared to revision surgeries (p=0.017). Cases of older age, men, and those with diabetes had more severe electrophysiologic nerve affection (p<0.0001). In the linear regression analysis, increasing age (unstandardized B=0.03, 95% CI 0.02-0.04; p<0.0001) and presence of diabetes (unstandardized B=0.60, 95% CI 0.25-0.95; p=0.001) were associated with a higher risk of a worse electrophysiologic classification. Female sex was associated with a better electrophysiologic grading (unstandardized B=-0.51, 95% CI -0.75- -0.27; p<0.0001). We conclude that older age, male sex, and concomitant diabetes are associated with more severe preoperative electrophysiologic nerve affection. Preoperative electrophysiologic grade of ulnar nerve affection may influence surgical outcome.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bosveld, Fred C., et al.
(author)
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The Third GABLS Intercomparison Case for Evaluation Studies of Boundary-Layer Models. Part B : Results and Process Understanding
- 2014
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In: Boundary-layer Meteorology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0006-8314 .- 1573-1472. ; 152:2, s. 157-187
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We describe and analyze the results of the third global energy and water cycle experiment atmospheric boundary layer Study intercomparison and evaluation study for single-column models. Each of the nineteen participating models was operated with its own physics package, including land-surface, radiation and turbulent mixing schemes, for a full diurnal cycle selected from the Cabauw observatory archive. By carefully prescribing the temporal evolution of the forcings on the vertical column, the models could be evaluated against observations. We focus on the gross features of the stable boundary layer (SBL), such as the onset of evening momentum decoupling, the 2-m minimum temperature, the evolution of the inertial oscillation and the morning transition. New process diagrams are introduced to interpret the variety of model results and the relative importance of processes in the SBL; the diagrams include the results of a number of sensitivity runs performed with one of the models. The models are characterized in terms of thermal coupling to the soil, longwave radiation and turbulent mixing. It is shown that differences in longwave radiation schemes among the models have only a small effect on the simulations; however, there are significant variations in downward radiation due to different boundary-layer profiles of temperature and humidity. The differences in modelled thermal coupling to the land surface are large and explain most of the variations in 2-m air temperature and longwave incoming radiation among models. Models with strong turbulent mixing overestimate the boundary-layer height, underestimate the wind speed at 200 m, and give a relatively large downward sensible heat flux. The result is that 2-m air temperature is relatively insensitive to turbulent mixing intensity. Evening transition times spread 1.5 h around the observed time of transition, with later transitions for models with coarse resolution. Time of onset in the morning transition spreads 2 h around the observed transition time. With this case, the morning transition appeared to be difficult to study, no relation could be found between the studied processes, and the variation in the time of the morning transition among the models.
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| 6. |
- Dahlin, Lars B., et al.
(author)
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Rehabilitation, Using Guided Cerebral plasticity, of a Brachial plexus Injury treated with Intercostal and phrenic Nerve transfers
- 2017
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In: Frontiers in Neurology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-2295. ; 8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recovery after surgical reconstruction of a brachial plexus injury using nerve grafting and nerve transfer procedures is a function of peripheral nerve regeneration and cerebral reorganization. A 15-year-old boy, with traumatic avulsion of nerve roots C5-C7 and a non-rupture of C8-T1, was operated 3 weeks after the injury with nerve transfers: ( a) terminal part of the accessory nerve to the suprascapular nerve, (b) the second and third intercostal nerves to the axillary nerve, and (c) the fourth to sixth intercostal nerves to the musculocutaneous nerve. A second operation-free contralateral gracilis muscle transfer directly innervated by the phrenic nerve-was done after 2 years due to insufficient recovery of the biceps muscle function. One year later, electromyography showed activation of the biceps muscle essentially with coughing through the intercostal nerves, and of the transferred gracilis muscle by deep breathing through the phrenic nerve. Voluntary flexion of the elbow elicited clear activity in the biceps/gracilis muscles with decreasing activity in intercostal muscles distal to the transferred intercostal nerves (i.e., corresponding to eighth intercostal), indicating cerebral plasticity, where neural control of elbow flexion is gradually separated from control of breathing. To restore voluntary elbow function after nerve transfers, the rehabilitation of patients operated with intercostal nerve transfers should concentrate on transferring coughing function, while patients with phrenic nerve transfers should focus on transferring deep breathing function.
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| 7. |
- Gholami, Ali, et al.
(author)
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ScaBIA : Scalable brain image analysis in the cloud
- 2013
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In: CLOSER 2013 - Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing and Services Science. - 9789898565525 ; , s. 329-336
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of cloud computing as a new paradigm has become a reality. Cloud computing leverages the use of on-demand CPU power and storage resources while eliminating the cost of commodity hardware ownership. Cloud computing is now gaining popularity among many different organizations and commercial sectors. In this paper, we present the scalable brain image analysis (ScaBIA) architecture, a new model to run statistical parametric analysis (SPM) jobs using cloud computing. SPM is one of the most popular toolkits in neuroscience for running compute-intensive brain image analysis tasks. However, issues such as sharing raw data and results, as well as scalability and performance are major bottlenecks in the "single PC"-execution model. In this work, we describe a prototype using the generic worker (GW), an e-Science as a service middleware, on top of Microsoft Azure to run and manage the SPM tasks. The functional prototype shows that ScaBIA provides a scalable framework for multi-job submission and enables users to share data securely using storage access keys across different organizations.
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| 8. |
- Hultén, John, et al.
(author)
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Förändrade förutsättningar för framtidens kollektivtrafik
- 2017
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Övergripande samhällsförändringar påverkar förutsättningarna för framtidens kollektivtrafik. Det påverkar t.ex. var människor väljer att bo och arbeta, hur företag organiserar sin verksamhet, och vilka metoder som används för att omsätta politiska beslut i praktik handling. Vi kan aldrig med säkerhetuttala oss om vad som kommer att ske i framtiden. Men genom att resonera kring trender och mottrender utifrån observationer i samtiden kan vi ändå förbereda oss för möjliga utvecklingsvägar. Den här rapporten syftar till att, utifrån befintlig forskning, identifiera ett antal trender och mottrendersom kan komma att påverka kollektivtrafiken på medellång och lång sikt.Som alltid när det gäller framtiden finns det stora osäkerheter om vad som faktiskt kan komma att hända. När vi skriver om framtiden hamnar vi lätt i en situation där vi extrapolerar en historisk utveckling eller fastnar i nuets förbannelse, dvs. överdriver vikten av sådana frågor som råkar varaviktiga just nu. Trots svårigheterna finns det ett stort värde i att fundera över samhällsförändringar och problematisera hur de kan påverka förutsättningarna för kollektivtrafiken framöver. Rapporten har författats av forskare inom K2 – Nationellt kunskapscentrum för kollektivtrafik. Den har tagits fram i samarbete med Trafikförvaltningen vid Stockholms läns landsting inom ramen för Trafikförvaltningens arbete med en ny omvärldsanalys. Medförfattare är Alexander Paulsson, fil dr i företagsekonomi, K2/VTI, Bengt Holmberg, professor emeritus i trafikplanering, K2/Lunds universitet, Christina Scholten, fil dr i kulturgeografi och ekonomisk geografi, K2/Malmö högskola, Erik Ronnle, doktorand i företagsekonomi, K2/Lunds universitet, Fredrik Pettersson, fil dr i miljö- och energisystem, K2/Lunds universitet, Gert Paulsson, docent i företagsekonomi, K2/Lunds universitet,Helena Svensson, tekn dr i trafikplanering, K2/Lunds universitet, Jean Ryan, doktorand i trafikplanering, K2/Lunds universitet, John Hultén, fil dr i statsvetenskap, K2 (redaktör), Vanessa Stjernborg, fil dr i trafikplanering, K2/Malmö högskola och Zahra Hamidi, doktorand i urbana studier, K2/Malmö högskola.
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| 9. |
- Ihse, Ingemar, et al.
(author)
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Riktlinjer för handläggning av patienter med pankreascancer
- 2002
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In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 99:15, s. 1676-1683
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The incidence of pancreatic cancer has fallen during the last ten years in Sweden. Early signs and symptoms of the disease are still undiscovered and when diagnosis is made the disease is incurable in most patients. Transabdominal ultrasonography is the first-line imaging test followed by spiral computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) if required for definite diagnosis. Spiral CT is also the imaging test of choice for assessment of resectability of the tumor. Surgical removal of the tumor is the only chance of cure. Markedly improved hospital mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy is reported and an association between hospital volume and outcome of the operation has been established. Longterm survival after attempted curative resection continues to be dismal, however. Adjuvant treatment should not be given outside clinical studies. Palliative treatment has improved thanks to progress in the field of endoscopy, interventional radiology and in management of pain and nutrition. Palliative chemotherapy should only be given selectively outside clinical studies. Radiotherapy has no proven effects on survival. Special pancreatic cancer treatment teams with catchment areas of 2-4 million inhabitants are recommended by international authorities.
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| 10. |
- Ihse, Ingemar, et al.
(author)
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Riktlinjer för handläggning av patienter med pankreascancer [Guidelines for management of patients with pancreatic cancer]
- 2002
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In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 99:15, s. 1676-1685
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Transabdominellt ultraljud är förstahandsundersökning vid misstänkt pankreascancer, följt av spiral-DT eller MR för mer definitiv diagnos. Tumörmarkörer har ingen plats i rutindiagnostiken. Spiral-DT är basen i resektabilitetsbedömningen. Resektion av tumören är en förutsättning för bot. Ett samband har påvisats mellan antalet resektioner som görs vid ett sjukhus årligen och postoperativ mortalitet. Långtidsöverlevnaden efter resektion är oförändrat kort medan postoperativ mortalitet minskat dramatiskt vid enheter som rapporterat sina resultat. Adjuvant behandling efter resektion bör endast ges inom ramen för kliniska studier. Det palliativa omhändertagandet har förbättrats främst genom utveckling inom endoskopi, interventionell radiologi, smärt- och nutritionsbehandling. Palliativ cytostatikabehandling bör endast ges selektivt utanför kliniska studier. Radioterapi har ingen dokumenterad effekt på överlevnaden vid icke-resektabel pankreascancer. Internationellt rekommenderas speciella behandlingsteam för pankreascancer med tillräckliga upptagningsområden (2–4 miljoner invånare).
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