| 1. |
- Cavalieri, A L, et al.
(author)
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Clocking femtosecond X rays.
- 2005
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In: Phys Rev Lett. - 0031-9007. ; 94:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Linear-accelerator-based sources will revolutionize ultrafast x-ray science due to their unprecedented brightness and short pulse duration. However, time-resolved studies at the resolution of the x-ray pulse duration are hampered by the inability to precisely synchronize an external laser to the accelerator. At the Sub-Picosecond Pulse Source at the Stanford Linear-Accelerator Center we solved this problem by measuring the arrival time of each high energy electron bunch with electro-optic sampling. This measurement indirectly determined the arrival time of each x-ray pulse relative to an external pump laser pulse with a time resolution of better than 60 fs rms.
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| 2. |
- Thorlacius, Elin M., 1973, et al.
(author)
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Levosimendan Versus Milrinone and Release of Myocardial Biomarkers after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Post Hoc Analysis of Clinical Trial Data
- 2021
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In: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. - 1529-7535.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: We compared the effect of two inodilators, levosimendan and milrinone, on the plasma levels of myocardial injury biomarkers, that is, high-sensitivity troponin T and heart-type fatty acid binding protein, and on N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker of ventricular function. We hypothesized that levosimendan could attenuate the degree of myocardial injury when compared with milrinone. DESIGN: A post hoc, nonprespecified exploratory secondary analysis of the Milrinone versus Levosimendan-1 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02232399). SETTING: Two pediatric tertiary university hospitals. PATIENTS: Infants 1-12 months old, diagnosed with ventricular septal defect, complete atrioventricular septal defect, or Tetralogy of Fallot undergoing corrective surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. INTERVENTIONS: Seventy patients received a loading dose of either levosimendan or milrinone at the start of cardiopulmonary bypass followed by an infusion of the respective drug, which continued for 26 hours. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Plasma levels of the three cardiac biomarkers were measured prior to the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass and 2, 6, and 24 hours after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. In both groups, the levels of high-sensitivity troponin T and heart-type fatty acid binding protein were highest at 2 hours post cardiopulmonary bypass, whereas the highest level of N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide occurred at 24 hours post cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no significant difference in the biomarkers' plasma levels between the study groups over time. Neither was there a significant difference in the postoperative peak plasma levels of the cardiac biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: In this post hoc analysis of the MiLe-1 trial, there was no demonstrable difference in the postoperative cardiac biomarker profile of myocardial injury and ventricular function when comparing infants managed in the perioperative period with levosimendan versus milrinone. © 2021 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Gaffney, K J, et al.
(author)
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Observation of structural anisotropy and the onset of liquidlike motion during the nonthermal melting of InSb
- 2005
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In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 95:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The melting dynamics of laser excited InSb have been studied with femtosecond x-ray diffraction. These measurements observe the delayed onset of diffusive atomic motion, signaling the appearance of liquidlike dynamics. They also demonstrate that the root-mean-squared displacement in the [111] direction increases faster than in the [110] direction after the first 500 fs. This structural anisotropy indicates that the initially generated fluid differs significantly from the equilibrium liquid.
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| 4. |
- Bäckström, Caroline A., et al.
(author)
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In the need of a digital cicerone in healthcare? – Guidance for parents
- 2022
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In: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To explore parents’ experiences using digital tools in relation to pregnancy, labor and birth, and the child’s first 18 months. Background: Parents find relevant information using digital healthcare tools, material obtained from professionals, as well as personal opinions and experiences that vary in quality. Method: Fifteen parents were interviewed and data were analyzed beginning with content analysis and followed by thematic analysis. Results: The main theme was insecurity and responsibility for own choices and knowledge. Parents use digital tools to take responsibility for their insecurity and need for knowledge when entering parenthood. Conclusion: The parents’ experiences highlighted that (1) insecurity can be both eased and enhanced using digital tools, (2) they took responsibility for feelings of insecurity and the search for knowledge, and (3) they needed knowledge to make the right choices and feel secure that these choices are made in the best interest of their new family.
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| 5. |
- de Peppo, G.M., et al.
(author)
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Human Embryonic Mesodermal Progenitors Highly Resemble Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Display High Potential for Tissue Engineering Applications
- 2010
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In: Tissue Engineering. Part A. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1937-3341 .- 1937-335X. ; 16:7, s. 2161-2182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adult stem cells, such as human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), show limited proliferative capacity and, after long-term culture, lose their differentiation capacity and are therefore not an optimal cell source for tissue engineering. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) constitute an important new resource in this field, but one major drawback is the risk of tumor formation in the recipients. One alternative is to use progenitor cells derived from hESCs which are more lineage restricted but do not form teratomas. We have recently derived a cell line from hESCs denoted human embryonic stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors (hESMPs) and here, using genome wide microarray analysis, report that the process of hES-MPs derivation results in a significantly altered expression of hESCs characteristic genes to an expression level highly similar to that of hMSCs. However, hES-MPs displayed a significantly higher proliferative capacity and longer telomeres. Interestingly, the hES-MPs also demonstrated a lower expression of HLA class II proteins before and after interferon-γ treatment, indicating that these cells may somewhat be immunoprivileged and potentially used for HLA-incompatible transplantation. The hES-MPs are thus an appealing alternative to hMSCs in tissue engineering applications and stem cell-based therapies for mesodermal tissues.
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| 6. |
- Starokozhko, Viktoriia, et al.
(author)
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Maintenance of drug metabolism and transport functions in human precision-cut liver slices during prolonged incubation for 5 days
- 2017
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In: Archives of Toxicology. - : Springer. - 0340-5761 .- 1432-0738. ; 91:5, s. 2079-2092
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human precision-cut liver slices (hPCLS) are a valuable ex vivo model that can be used in acute toxicity studies. However, a rapid decline in metabolic enzyme activity limits their use in studies that require a prolonged xenobiotic exposure. The aim of the study was to extend the viability and function of hPCLS to 5 days of incubation. hPCLS were incubated in two media developed for long-term culture of hepatocytes, RegeneMed(®), and Cellartis(®), and in the standard medium WME. Maintenance of phase I and II metabolism was studied both on gene expression as well as functional level using a mixture of CYP isoform-specific substrates. Albumin synthesis, morphological integrity, and glycogen storage was assessed, and gene expression was studied by transcriptomic analysis using microarrays with a focus on genes involved in drug metabolism, transport and toxicity. The data show that hPCLS retain their viability and functionality during 5 days of incubation in Cellartis(®) medium. Albumin synthesis as well as the activity and gene expression of phase I and II metabolic enzymes did not decline during 120-h incubation in Cellartis(®) medium, with CYP2C9 activity as the only exception. Glycogen storage and morphological integrity were maintained. Moreover, gene expression changes in hPCLS during incubation were limited and mostly related to cytoskeleton remodeling, fibrosis, and moderate oxidative stress. The expression of genes involved in drug transport, which is an important factor in determining the intracellular xenobiotic exposure, was also unchanged. Therefore, we conclude that hPCLS cultured in Cellartis(®) medium are a valuable human ex vivo model for toxicological and pharmacological studies that require prolonged xenobiotic exposure.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, H.M., et al.
(author)
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Application of digital speckle photography to measure thickness variations in the vacuum infusion process
- 2003
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In: Polymer Composites. - : Wiley. - 0272-8397 .- 1548-0569. ; 24:3, s. 448-455
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new method to measure the movement of the flexible bag used in vacuum infusion is presented. The method is based on an in-house developed stereoscopic digital speckle photography system (DSP). The advantage with this optical method, which is based on cross-correlation, is that the deflection of a large area can be continuously measured with a great accuracy (down to 10 μm. The method is at this stage most suited for research but can in the long run also be adopted in production control and optimization. By use of the method it was confirmed that a ditch is formed at the resin flow front and that there can be a considerable and seemingly perpetual compaction after complete filling. The existence of the ditch demonstrates that the stiffness of the reinforcement can be considerably reduced when it is wetted. Hence, the maximum fiber volume fraction can be larger than predicted from dry measurements of preform elasticity. It is likely that the overall thickness reduction after complete filling emanates from lubrication of the fibers combined with an outflow of the resin. Besides, the cross-linking starts and the polymer shrinks. Hence, the alteration in height will continue until complete cross-linking is reached.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Enquist, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Large acoustic transients induced by non-thermal melting of InSb
- 2007
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 98
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have observed large-amplitude strain waves following a rapid change in density of InSb due to nonthermal melting. The strain has been measured in real time via time-resolved x-ray diffraction, with a temporal resolution better than 2 ps. The change from the solid to liquid density of the surface layer launches a high-amplitude strain wave into the crystalline material below. This induces an effective plane rotation in the asymmetrically cut crystal leading to deflection of the diffracted beam. The uniform strain in the layer below the molten layer is 2.0(±0.2)%. A strain of this magnitude develops within 5 ps of the incident pulse showing that the liquid has reached the equilibrium density within this time frame. Both the strain amplitude and the depth of the strained material in the solid can be explained by assuming a reduction in the speed of sound in the nonequilibrium liquid compared to measured equilibrium values.
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| 10. |
- Fricke, Katrin, et al.
(author)
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Impact of Left Ventricular Morphology on Adverse Outcomes Following Stage 1 Palliation for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: 20 Years of National Data From Sweden
- 2022
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In: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-9980. ; 11:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to assess the influence of left ventricular morphology and choice of shunt on adverse outcome in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and stage 1 palliation. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a retrospective analysis of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome with stage 1 palliation between 1999 and 2018 in Sweden. Patients (n=167) were grouped based on the anatomic subtypes aortic-mitral atresia, aortic atresia-mitral stenosis (AA-MS), and aortic-mitral stenosis. The left ventricular phenotypes including globular left ventricle (Glob-LV), miniaturized and slit-like left ventricle (LV), and the incidence of major adverse events (MAEs) including mortality were assessed. The overall mortality and MAEs were 31% and 41%, respectively. AA-MS (35%) was associated with both mortality (all other subtypes versus AA-MS: interstage-I: hazard ratio [HR], 2.7; P=0.006; overall: HR, 2.2; P=0.005) and MAEs (HR, 2.4; P=0.0009). Glob-LV (57%), noticed in all patients with AA-MS, 61% of patients with aortic stenosis-mitral stenosis, and 19% of patients with aortic atresia-mitral atresia, was associated with both mortality (all other left ventricular phenotypes versus Glob-LV: interstage-I: HR, 4.5; P=0.004; overall: HR, 3.4; P=0.0007) and MAEs (HR, 2.7; P=0.0007). There was no difference in mortality and MAEs between patients with AA-MS and without AA-MS with Glob-LV (P>0.15). Patients with AA-MS (35%) or Glob-LV (38%) palliated with a Blalock-Taussig shunt had higher overall mortality compared with those palliated with Sano shunts, irrespective of the stage 1 palliation year (AA-MS: HR, 2.6; P=0.04; Glob-LV: HR, 2.1; P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Glob-LV and AA-MS are independent morphological risk factors for adverse short-and long-term outcome, especially if a Blalock-Taussig shunt is used as part of stage 1 palliation. These findings are important for the clinical management of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
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