| 1. |
- Finell, Eerika, et al.
(author)
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How student perceptions of stuffy air and unpleasant odour are associated with students’ well-being : Cross-level interaction effects of school climate
- 2024
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In: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 93
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has been suggested that group-level factors affect how perceived indoor air quality (IAQ) is associated with well-being. Therefore, we analysed how student-perceived social climate at the school-level modified the student-level association between student-perceived unpleasant odour/stuffy air and well-being. The well-being indicators were seven self-reported anxiety symptoms (such as nervous, anxious, or on edge) and two somatic symptoms (headache and tiredness). We analysed a representative sample of Finnish school students (N = 678 schools, N = 71,392 students) by using multilevel modelling and testing cross-level interactions. At the studentlevel, both unpleasant odour and perceived stuffy air were significantly but weakly associated with increased anxiety and somatic symptoms. At the school-level, these IAQ indicators were significantly but weakly associated with increased anxiety and moderately with somatic symptoms. Furthermore, a good social climate at the schoollevel modified the student-level association between perceived stuffy air and anxiety symptoms. Those students who reported stuffy air were more anxious if they studied in a school with poor social climate than good social climate. Our results provide robust evidence that group-level factors may differently modify the relationships between different IAQ indicators and components of well-being.
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| 2. |
- Sairanen, Essi, et al.
(author)
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Flexibility in weight management.
- 2014
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In: Eating Behaviors. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15:2, s. 218-24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships between changes in flexible vs. rigid restraints of eating during weight management, as well as how changes in the cognitive restraint of eating were related to psychological well-being and flexibility. The data includes information on 49 overweight persons who participated in a weight loss and maintenance (WLM) intervention and a follow-up assessment after 8-9 months. An increase in flexible cognitive restraint during the weight loss intervention was related to better weight loss maintenance and well-being. The more flexible restraint increased during the WLM intervention, the more psychological distress decreased. Moreover, larger reduction of rigid restraint during the follow-up period (between the WLM intervention and the follow-up assessment) was related to a better maintenance of improved psychological well-being at the follow-up endpoint. These results suggest that increasing flexible control while reducing rigid control of eating after an active weight loss phase improves success in weight management and the psychological well-being of weight losers.
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| 3. |
- Sairanen, Essi, et al.
(author)
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Psychological flexibility and mindfulness explain intuitive eating in overweight adults
- 2015
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In: Behavior modification. - Beverly Hills : Sage Publications. - 0145-4455 .- 1552-4167. ; 39:4, s. 557-79
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current study investigated whether mindfulness and psychological flexibility, independently and together, explain intuitive eating. The participants were overweight or obese persons (N = 306) reporting symptoms of perceived stress and enrolled in a psychological lifestyle intervention study. Participants completed self-report measures of psychological flexibility; mindfulness including the subscales observe, describe, act with awareness, non-react, and non-judgment; and intuitive eating including the subscales unconditional permission to eat, eating for physical reasons, and reliance on hunger/satiety cues. Psychological flexibility and mindfulness were positively associated with intuitive eating factors. The results suggest that mindfulness and psychological flexibility are related constructs that not only account for some of the same variance in intuitive eating, but they also account for significant unique variances in intuitive eating. The present results indicate that non-judgment can explain the relationship between general psychological flexibility and unconditional permission to eat as well as eating for physical reasons. However, mindfulness skills-acting with awareness, observing, and non-reacting-explained reliance on hunger/satiety cues independently from general psychological flexibility. These findings suggest that mindfulness and psychological flexibility are interrelated but not redundant constructs and that both may be important for understanding regulation processes underlying eating behavior.
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| 4. |
- Sairanen, Essi, et al.
(author)
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Psychological flexibility mediates change in intuitive eating regulation in acceptance and commitment therapy interventions
- 2017
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In: Public Health Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 20:9, s. 1681-1691
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Despite the promising results related to intuitive eating, few studies have attempted to explain the processes encouraging this adaptive eating behaviour. The focus of the present study was on exploring mechanisms of change in intuitive eating and weight in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) interventions. Mediation provides important information regarding the treatment processes and theoretical models related to specific treatment approaches. The study investigates whether psychological flexibility, mindfulness skills and sense of coherence mediated the interventions' effect on intuitive eating and weight.DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a randomized control trial. Mediation analysis compared two ACT interventions - face-to-face (in a group) and mobile (individually) - with a control group using a latent difference score model. Settings Data were collected in three Finnish towns.SUBJECTS: The participants were overweight or obese (n 219), reporting symptoms of perceived stress.RESULTS: The effect of the interventions on participants' (i) BMI, (ii) intuitive eating and its subscales, (iii) eating for physical rather than emotional reasons and (iv) reliance on internal hunger and satiety cues was mediated by changes in weight-related psychological flexibility in both ACT groups.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that ACT interventions aiming for lifestyle changes mediate the intervention effects through the enhanced ability to continue with valued activities even when confronted with negative emotions and thoughts related to weight.
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