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- Axelsson, Birger, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Milrinone and levosimendan during porcine myocardial ischemia : no effects on calcium overload and metabolism
- 2013
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In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 57:6, s. 719-728
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Although inotropic stimulation is considered harmful in the presence of myocardial ischaemia, both calcium sensitisers and phosphodiesterase inhibitors may offer cardioprotection. We hypothesise that these cardioprotective effects are related to an acute alteration of myocardial metabolism. We studied in vivo effects of milrinone and levosimendan on calcium overload and ischaemic markers using left ventricular microdialysis in pigs with acute myocardial ischaemia.Methods: Anaesthetised juvenile pigs, average weight 36kg, were randomised to one of three intravenous treatment groups: milrinone 50g/kg bolus plus infusion 0.5g/kg/min (n=7), levosimendan 24g/kg plus infusion 0.2g/kg/min (n=7), or placebo (n=6) for 60min prior to and during a 45min acute regional coronary occlusion. Systemic and myocardial haemodynamics were assessed, and microdialysis was performed with catheters positioned in the left ventricular wall. 45Ca2+ was included in the microperfusate in order to assess local calcium uptake into myocardial cells. The microdialysate was analysed for glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and for 45Ca2+ recovery.Results: During ischaemia, there were no differences in microdialysate-measured parameters between control animals and milrinone- or levosimendan-treated groups. In the pre-ischaemic period, arterial blood pressure decreased in all groups while myocardial oxygen consumption remained stable.Conclusions: These findings reject the hypothesis of an immediate energy-conserving effect of milrinone and levosimendan during acute myocardial ischaemia. On the other hand, the data show that inotropic support with milrinone and levosimendan does not worsen the metabolic parameters that were measured in the ischaemic myocardium.
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- Beech, Jason P., et al.
(author)
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The separation and identification of parasite eggs from horse feces
- 2019
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In: 23rd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2019. - 9781733419000 ; , s. 602-603
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Freely grazing horses are at risk of infection by parasites such as Parascaris equorum (roundworm), Strongylus spp. (large bloodworms), Cyathostomes (small bloodworms), and Anoplochephala perfoliata (tapeworms). Mixed infections are common and diagnosis is based on demonstrations of eggs in feces followed by identification of larvae after fecal culture. Drug resistance is a growing problem, not least because treatments tend to be cheaper than diagnosis and “just in case” treatments common. There is a need for improved methods that are easy to use, rapid and cheap. Furthermore, a successful approach may find use with other livestock such as ruminants and pigs.
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- Bragason, K., et al.
(author)
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Secondary prevention after myocardial infarction widens health disparities between Swedish and immigrant patients
- 2015
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In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 36:Suppl 1
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background and introduction: Immigrants bear a disproportionate burden of poor cardiovascular health. Secondary prevention programs are essential for patients who have suffered from myocardial infarction (MI) as modification of risk factors favorably impacts their health. However, little is known about whether disparities in cardiovascular health are influenced by secondary prevention. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if secondary prevention influences disparities in cardiovascular health between Swedish and immigrant MI patients. Methods: A cohort of 400 MI patients (58.6±8 years) was followed for two years, 292 Swedish and 108 immigrants (71% men). During the first year after MI patients participated in a secondary prevention program. The average number of six selected risk factors, before and two years post MI was evaluated and the mean change in risk burden from baseline calculated. The risk factors were current smoking, BMI >30 kg/m2, total cholesterol >4,5 or LDL >2,5 mmol/l (in accordance with reference values at the time of the study), HDL >1.0/1.2 (men/women) mmol/l, blood pressure >140/90 mmHg and HbA1c >45 mmol/mol (>52 mmol/mol for diabetic patients). Results: There were significant differences in risk factor exposure between Swedes and immigrants among men (p=0.045) and women (p=0.003) two years after MI. After adjustments for age, marital status and socio-economic status significance was lost among men. Swedish women reduced their exposure by 1.51 risk factors, while immigrant women only reduced theirs by 0.74 (p=0.007). No significant differences were observed for males, with Swedish men reducing their risk factors by 1.25 compared to 1.17 for immigrant men (p=0.593). Conclusion(s): The results indicate that while benefitting patients in general, secondary prevention did not benefit all groups equally. Immigrant women were less likely to reduce their risk than Swedish women, which could not be explained by age, marital status and socioeconomic status. No differences were found between immigrant and Swedish men.
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- Breimer, Michael, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Multicenter evaluation of a novel endothelial cell crossmatch test in kidney transplantation.
- 2009
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In: Transplantation. - 1534-6080. ; 87:4, s. 549-56
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Despite their clinical importance, clinical routine tests to detect anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) in organ transplantation have not been readily available. This multicenter prospective kidney transplantation trial evaluates the efficacy of a novel endothelial cell crossmatch (ECXM) test to detect donor-reactive AECA associated with kidney allograft rejection. METHODS: Pretransplant serum samples from 147 patients were tested for AECA by a novel flow cytometric crossmatch technique (XM-ONE) using peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells as targets. Patient enrolment was based on acceptance for transplantation determined by donor lymphocyte crossmatch results. RESULTS: Donor-reactive AECA were found in 35 of 147 (24%) patients. A significantly higher proportion of patients with a positive ECXM had rejections (16 of 35, 46%) during the follow-up of at least 3 months compared with those without AECA (13 of 112, 12%; P<0.00005). Both IgG and IgM AECAs were associated with graft rejections. Mean serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in patients with a positive ECXM test at 3 and 6 months posttransplant. CONCLUSIONS: XM-ONE is quick, easy to perform on whole blood samples and identifies patients at risk for rejection and reduced graft function not identified by conventional lymphocyte crossmatches.
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